| Title | Averroes on intellect: from Aristotelian origins to Aquinas' critique |
| Type | Monograph |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2022 |
| Publication Place | Oxford |
| Publisher | Oxford University Press |
| Categories | Aristotle, Thomas, Avicenna, De anima, Metaphysics |
| Author(s) | Stephen R. Ogden |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| This book on the Muslim philosopher Averroes (Ibn Rushd) provides a detailed analysis of his (in)famous unicity thesis—the view that there is only one separate and eternal intellect for all human beings. It focuses directly on Averroes’ arguments, both from the text of Aristotle’s De Anima and, more importantly, his own philosophical arguments in the Long Commentary on the De Anima. Ogden defends Averroes’ interpretation of Aristotle’s DA III.4–5 (using Greek, Arabic, Latin, and contemporary sources). Yet, the author insists that Averroes is not merely a “commentator” but also an incisive philosopher in his own right. Ogden thus reconstructs and analyzes Averroes’ two most significant independent philosophical arguments, the Determinate Particular Argument and the Unity Argument. Alternative ancient and medieval views are considered throughout, especially from two important foils before and after Averroes, namely Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā) and Thomas Aquinas. Aquinas’s most famous and penetrating arguments against the unicity thesis are also addressed. Finally, Ogden considers Averroes’ own objections to broader metaphysical views of the soul such as Avicenna’s and Aquinas’s, which agree with him on several key points (e.g., the immateriality of the intellect and the individuation of human souls by matter), while still diverging on the number and substantial nature of the intellect. The central aim of the book is to provide readers a single study of Averroes’ most pivotal arguments on intellect, consolidating and building on recent scholarship and offering a comprehensive case for his unicity thesis in the wider context of Aristotelian epistemology and metaphysics. |
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| Title | Metaphysics Last: Agostino on Averroes, Avicenna, and the Order of the Theoretical Sciences |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2021 |
| Published in | Averroism between the 15th and 17th Century |
| Pages | 151–187 |
| Categories | Metaphysics, Avicenna, Tradition and Reception |
| Author(s) | Anna-Katharina Strohschneider |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5005","_score":null,"_ignored":["booksection.book.abstract.keyword"],"_source":{"id":5005,"authors_free":[{"id":5740,"entry_id":5005,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":903,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Anna-Katharina Strohschneider","free_first_name":"Anna-Katharina","free_last_name":"Strohschneider","norm_person":{"id":903,"first_name":"","last_name":"","full_name":"","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]="}}],"entry_title":"Metaphysics Last: Agostino on Averroes, Avicenna, and the Order of the Theoretical Sciences","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Metaphysics Last: Agostino on Averroes, Avicenna, and the Order of the Theoretical Sciences"},"abstract":"","btype":2,"date":"2021","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":31,"category_name":"Metaphysics","link":"bib?categories[]=Metaphysics"},{"id":10,"category_name":"Avicenna","link":"bib?categories[]=Avicenna"},{"id":43,"category_name":"Tradition and Reception","link":"bib?categories[]=Tradition and Reception"}],"authors":[{"id":903,"full_name":"","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":{"id":5005,"section_of":4998,"pages":"151\u2013187","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":4998,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":4,"language":"no language selected","title":"Averroism between the 15th and 17th Century","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"2021","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"The collection of papers assesses the impact of the reception of Averroist ideas on philosophy between the 15th and 17th century in the Latin West. Most of the articles in the volume were presented at the conference \"Averroism between the 15th and 17th century,\" which was held on 9th -10th November, 2016 by the Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Arts at Palack\u00fd University, Olomouc, the Czech Republic. The contributors explore the influence of Averroes, identify the difficulties in the interpretation of his works, and study his followers and critics in the Latin, Hebrew, and Byzantine traditions.","republication_of":0,"online_url":"","online_resources":null,"translation_of":"0","new_edition_of":"0","is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"ti_url":"","doi_url":"","book":{"id":4998,"pubplace":"Nordhausen","publisher":"Verlag Traugott Bautz","series":"Studia Classica et Mediaevalia","volume":"28","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[2021]}
| Title | Alexander of Aphrodisias in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance |
| Type | Edited Book |
| Language | undefined |
| Date | 2021 |
| Publication Place | Turnhout |
| Publisher | Brepols |
| Series | Studia artistarum |
| Volume | 45 |
| Categories | Aristotle, Alexander of Aphrodisias, Albert, Avicenna, Renaissance, Metaphysics, Logic |
| Author(s) | Pietro B. Rossi , Matteo Di Giovanni , Andrea A. Robiglio |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| The greatest ancient interpreter of Aristotle, Alexander of Aphrodisias (fl. 200 AD) exerted a profound and enduring influence upon philosophy from Boethius until the modern era. Alexander’s interpretations laid the foundation for multiple philosophical views which were promoted as quintessentially Aristotelian by both Islamic and Latin thinkers throughout the Middle Ages. In the Renaissance, the University of Padua, a leading center of philosophical education and thought, established a scholarly tradition named “Alexandrinism” after him. |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5029","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5029,"authors_free":[{"id":5771,"entry_id":5029,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1519,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Pietro B. Rossi","free_first_name":"Pietro B. ","free_last_name":"Rossi","norm_person":{"id":1519,"first_name":"Pietro B.","last_name":"Rossi","full_name":"Pietro B. Rossi","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/139220852","viaf_url":"http:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/100189635","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Pietro B. Rossi"}},{"id":5772,"entry_id":5029,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":734,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Matteo Di Giovanni","free_first_name":"Matteo","free_last_name":"Di Giovanni","norm_person":{"id":734,"first_name":"Matteo","last_name":"Di Giovanni","full_name":"Matteo di Giovanni","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1130687570","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/9497149368819485980007","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Matteo di Giovanni"}},{"id":5773,"entry_id":5029,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Andrea A. Robiglio","free_first_name":"Andrea A. ","free_last_name":"Robiglio","norm_person":null}],"entry_title":"Alexander of Aphrodisias in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Alexander of Aphrodisias in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance"},"abstract":"The greatest ancient interpreter of Aristotle, Alexander of Aphrodisias (fl. 200 AD) exerted a profound and enduring influence upon philosophy from Boethius until the modern era. Alexander\u2019s interpretations laid the foundation for multiple philosophical views which were promoted as quintessentially Aristotelian by both Islamic and Latin thinkers throughout the Middle Ages. In the Renaissance, the University of Padua, a leading center of philosophical education and thought, established a scholarly tradition named \u201cAlexandrinism\u201d after him. ","btype":4,"date":"2021","language":null,"online_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1484\/M.SA-EB.5.119428","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":21,"category_name":"Aristotle","link":"bib?categories[]=Aristotle"},{"id":15,"category_name":"Alexander of Aphrodisias","link":"bib?categories[]=Alexander of Aphrodisias"},{"id":6,"category_name":"Albert","link":"bib?categories[]=Albert"},{"id":10,"category_name":"Avicenna","link":"bib?categories[]=Avicenna"},{"id":5,"category_name":"Renaissance","link":"bib?categories[]=Renaissance"},{"id":31,"category_name":"Metaphysics","link":"bib?categories[]=Metaphysics"},{"id":27,"category_name":"Logic","link":"bib?categories[]=Logic"}],"authors":[{"id":1519,"full_name":"Pietro B. Rossi","role":2},{"id":734,"full_name":"Matteo di Giovanni","role":2}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":{"id":5029,"pubplace":"Turnhout","publisher":"Brepols","series":"Studia artistarum","volume":"45","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null},"booksection":null,"article":null},"sort":[2021]}
| Title | Wonder in Aristotelian Arabic Poetics |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2020 |
| Published in | Arabic Poetics: Aesthetic Experience in Classical Arabic Literature |
| Pages | 75–134 |
| Categories | al-Fārābī, Avicenna, Poetics |
| Author(s) | Lara Harb |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Chapter 2 demonstrates that a similar shift took place in the reception of Aristotle’s Poetics in Arabic. Arabic philosophy was faced with the problem of making sense of the poetic as a type of syllogism, since it inherited a classification of Aristotle’s treatise as part of his books on logic (the Organon). While initial attempts in late antiquity distinguished the poetic from other types of syllogism based on its falsehood, Arabic philosophy, especially with Avicenna (d. 1037), decoupled the poetic from truth and falsehood and distinguished the kind of conclusion that one attains through the poetic syllogism as “make-believe” (takhyīl). This new solution shifted the assessment of the poetic from a statement’s truth and falsehood to its ability to conjure a make-believe image. This process was also expected to allow for an experience of discovery and wonder in the listener according to the philosophers. While Aristotle discussed wonder as resulting from manipulations of a tragic plot, Arabic philosophy developed a theory of wonder resulting from the verbal arts, especially simile and metaphor. The chapter follows the development of these ideas in the works of Averroes (d. 1198), al-Qarṭājannī (d. 1285), and al-Sijilmāsi (d. c. 1330). |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5364","_score":null,"_ignored":["booksection.book.abstract.keyword"],"_source":{"id":5364,"authors_free":[{"id":6215,"entry_id":5364,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1796,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Lara Harb","free_first_name":"Lara","free_last_name":"Harb","norm_person":{"id":1796,"first_name":"Lara","last_name":"Harb","full_name":"Lara Harb","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1210514850","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null,"link":"bib?authors[]=Lara Harb"}}],"entry_title":"Wonder in Aristotelian Arabic Poetics","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Wonder in Aristotelian Arabic Poetics"},"abstract":"Chapter 2 demonstrates that a similar shift took place in the reception of Aristotle\u2019s Poetics in Arabic. Arabic philosophy was faced with the problem of making sense of the poetic as a type of syllogism, since it inherited a classification of Aristotle\u2019s treatise as part of his books on logic (the Organon). While initial attempts in late antiquity distinguished the poetic from other types of syllogism based on its falsehood, Arabic philosophy, especially with Avicenna (d. 1037), decoupled the poetic from truth and falsehood and distinguished the kind of conclusion that one attains through the poetic syllogism as \u201cmake-believe\u201d (takhy\u012bl). This new solution shifted the assessment of the poetic from a statement\u2019s truth and falsehood to its ability to conjure a make-believe image. This process was also expected to allow for an experience of discovery and wonder in the listener according to the philosophers. While Aristotle discussed wonder as resulting from manipulations of a tragic plot, Arabic philosophy developed a theory of wonder resulting from the verbal arts, especially simile and metaphor. The chapter follows the development of these ideas in the works of Averroes (d. 1198), al-Qar\u1e6d\u0101jann\u012b (d. 1285), and al-Sijilm\u0101si (d. c. 1330).","btype":2,"date":"2020","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/9781108780483.004","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":28,"category_name":"al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b","link":"bib?categories[]=al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b"},{"id":10,"category_name":"Avicenna","link":"bib?categories[]=Avicenna"},{"id":44,"category_name":"Poetics","link":"bib?categories[]=Poetics"}],"authors":[{"id":1796,"full_name":"Lara Harb","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":{"id":5364,"section_of":5363,"pages":"75\u2013134","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":5363,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":1,"language":"en","title":"Arabic Poetics: Aesthetic Experience in Classical Arabic Literature","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"2020","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"What makes language beautiful? Arabic Poetics offers an answer to what this pertinent question looked like at the height of the Islamic civilization. In this novel argument, Lara Harb suggests that literary quality depended on the ability of linguistic expression to produce an experience of discovery and wonder in the listener. Analyzing theories of how rhetorical figures, simile, metaphor, and sentence construction are able to achieve this effect of wonder, Harb shows how this aesthetic theory, first articulated at the turn of the eleventh century CE, represented a major paradigm shift from earlier Arabic criticism which based its judgement on criteria of truthfulness and naturalness. In doing so, this study poses a major challenge to the misconception in modern scholarship that Arabic criticism was 'traditionalist' or 'static', exposing an elegant widespread conceptual framework of literary beauty in the post-eleventh-century Islamicate world which is central to poetic criticism, the interpretation of Aristotle's Poetics in Arabic philosophy and the rationale underlying discussions about the inimitability of the Quran.","republication_of":0,"online_url":"","online_resources":null,"translation_of":"0","new_edition_of":"0","is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"ti_url":"","doi_url":" https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/9781108780483","book":{"id":5363,"pubplace":"Cambridge","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","series":"Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null},"persons":[{"id":6214,"entry_id":5363,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Lara Harb","free_first_name":"Lara","free_last_name":"Harb","norm_person":null}]}},"article":null},"sort":[2020]}
| Title | The Origin and Nature of Language and Logic: Perspectives in Medieval Islamic, Jewish, and Christian Thought |
| Type | Edited Book |
| Language | undefined |
| Date | 2020 |
| Publication Place | Turnhout |
| Publisher | Brepols |
| Series | Rencontres de Philosophie Médiévale |
| Volume | 20 |
| Categories | Logic, Theology, Metaphysics, al-Fārābī, Aristotle, Avicenna, Maimonides |
| Author(s) | Nadja Germann , Steven Harvey |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| The annual colloquium of the SIEPM in Freiburg, Germany, was groundbreaking in that it featured a more or less equal number of talks on all three medieval cultures that contributed to the formation of Western philosophical thought: the Islamic, Jewish, and Christian traditions. Indeed, the subject of the colloquium, ‘The Origin and Nature of Language and Logic in Medieval Islamic, Jewish, and Christian Thought’, lent itself to such a cross-cultural approach. In all these traditions, partially inspired by ancient Greek philosophy, partially by other sources, language and thought, semantics and logic occupied a central place. As a result, the chapters of the present volume effortlessly traverse philosophical, religious, cultural, and linguistic boundaries and thus in many respects open up new perspectives. It should not be surprising if readers delight in chapters of a philosophical tradition outside of their own as much as they do in those in their area of expertise. Among the topics discussed are the significance of language for logic; the origin of language: inspiration or convention; imposition or coinage; the existence of an original language; the correctness of language; divine discourse; animal language; the meaningfulness of animal sounds; music as communication; the scope of dialectical disputation; the relation between rhetoric and demonstration; the place of logic and rhetoric in theology; the limits of human knowledge; the meaning of categories; the problem of metaphysical entailment; the need to disentangle the metaphysical implications of language; the quantification of predicates; and the significance of linguistic custom for judging logical propositions. |
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| Title | Relation as Key to God’s Knowledge of Particulars in the Tahāfut al- tahāfut and the Damīma: A Cross-talk between Averroes, al-Ghazālī and Avicenna |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2020 |
| Journal | Arabic Sciences and Philosophy |
| Volume | 20 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 1–26 |
| Categories | Avicenna, al-Ġazālī, Commentary |
| Author(s) | Jean-Baptiste Brenet |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| This article deals with the divine knowledge of particulars in Averroes’ Tahāfut al-tahāfut and Ḍamīma. It examines how the concept of relation, generally neglected, is at the heart of the dispute between Avicenna, al-Ġazālī, and the Commentator. In al-Ġazālī’s eyes, Avicenna's misconception of divine knowledge “in a universal way” is based on a misuse of relation in the case of God's knowledge. If particulars change and God does not, his knowledge of particulars, insofar as it undergoes change, can be considered a pure relation without ontological consequences. Averroes contests both al-Ġazālī’s criticism and his proposal, despite the fact that, for different reasons involving the coming-to-be of human knowledge, he too employs the notion of pure relation in his Long Commentary on the Physics. |
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| Title | Avicenne et Averroès contre Galien: Quelques lectures universitaires de leurs critiques (XIVe-XVe S.) |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | French |
| Date | 2020 |
| Published in | Contre Galien. Critiques d’une autorité médicale de l’Antiquité à l’âge moderne |
| Pages | 199–214 |
| Categories | Avicenna, Tradition and Reception |
| Author(s) | Danielle Jacquart |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5050","_score":null,"_ignored":["booksection.book.abstract.keyword"],"_source":{"id":5050,"authors_free":[{"id":5800,"entry_id":5050,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":137,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Danielle Jacquart","free_first_name":"Danielle","free_last_name":"Jacquart","norm_person":{"id":137,"first_name":"","last_name":"","full_name":"Danielle Jacquart","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/129655377","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/88036254","db_url":"https:\/\/www.deutsche-biographie.de\/pnd129655376.html","from_claudius":0,"link":"bib?authors[]=Danielle Jacquart"}}],"entry_title":"Avicenne et Averro\u00e8s contre Galien: Quelques lectures universitaires de leurs critiques (XIVe-XVe S.)","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Avicenne et Averro\u00e8s contre Galien: Quelques lectures universitaires de leurs critiques (XIVe-XVe S.)"},"abstract":"","btype":2,"date":"2020","language":"French","online_url":"","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":10,"category_name":"Avicenna","link":"bib?categories[]=Avicenna"},{"id":43,"category_name":"Tradition and Reception","link":"bib?categories[]=Tradition and Reception"}],"authors":[{"id":137,"full_name":"Danielle Jacquart","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":{"id":5050,"section_of":5039,"pages":"199\u2013214","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":5039,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":4,"language":"no language selected","title":"Contre Galien. Critiques d\u2019une autorit\u00e9 m\u00e9dicale de l\u2019Antiquit\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge moderne","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"2020","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"Galien de Pergame (129-ca 216) a syst\u00e9matis\u00e9 l'ensemble du savoir m\u00e9dical ancien et sa doctrine s'est maintenue jusqu'\u00e0 l'\u00e9poque moderne. Son oeuvre tentaculaire a aussi innerv\u00e9 la pens\u00e9e philosophique, logique et th\u00e9ologique. Toutefois, Galien a fait l'objet de critiques de la part de ses contemporains, puis de ses successeurs. Apr\u00e8s le triomphe du gal\u00e9nisme \u00e0 la fin de l'Antiquit\u00e9, les penseurs islamiques ont introduit les premi\u00e8res br\u00e8ches dans ce syst\u00e8me. Ces attaques, relay\u00e9es en Occident latin et \u00e0 Byzance, ont connu une ampleur nouvelle \u00e0 la Renaissance avec la remise en cause et la d\u00e9construction de l'autorit\u00e9 gal\u00e9nique. Dans ce livre est propos\u00e9e une histoire dynamique de la r\u00e9ception de Galien \u00e0 travers diff\u00e9rents cas d'anti-gal\u00e9nismes. Les \u00e9tudes qui y sont r\u00e9unies portent sur des textes peu connus, voire in\u00e9dits. Elles recensent les critiques contre Galien, tout en explorant diff\u00e9rentes facettes de sa pens\u00e9e m\u00e9dicale et philosophique. Ce parcours permet ainsi de suivre les changements de paradigmes \u00e9pist\u00e9mologiques qui s'op\u00e8rent au fil des si\u00e8cles, mais aussi de mieux cerner, par la n\u00e9gative, ce que fut le gal\u00e9nisme durant sa longue tradition.","republication_of":0,"online_url":"","online_resources":null,"translation_of":"0","new_edition_of":"0","is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"ti_url":"","doi_url":"","book":{"id":5039,"pubplace":" Paris","publisher":"Honor\u00e9 Champion","series":"Sciences techniques ","volume":"21","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[2020]}
| Title | Ibn Rushd’s Criticism of the Theory of the Inherence of the Specific Property (khāssa) in Medicine |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2020 |
| Journal | Bulletin of the Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan |
| Volume | 57 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 33–48 |
| Categories | Medicine, Galen, Avicenna, Tradition and Reception |
| Author(s) | Yu Hoki |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| In Medieval Arabic medical texts, a specific property (khāṣṣa) is thought to be one of the effects of a medicine, and effective in a specific humor or organ. This property is mainly mentioned to explain two phenomena, purgative medicines' attraction of a certain humor and theriacas strengthening of human innate heat. Galen had advocated the theory that the faculty of attracting a specific material inheres in a medical substance as its nature (referred to as the theory of inherence). The same view can be seen in the texts of Islamic philosopher-physicians such as Ibn Sīnā (d. 1037). On the other hand, Ibn Rushd (d. 1198) perceived the defects of this theory and criticised it. This article examines his criticism of the theory of inherence in his discussions about purgative medicines and theriacas. Ibn Rushd says that using the theory of inheritance, we cannot explain the phenomenon that when someone takes more than one dose of purgative medicine, it attracts not only the specific humor, but all of the humors. He then proposes the alternative theory that the specific property originates in the proportions of the qualities in the attracting and the attracted materials. From this perspective, he insists that the object of attraction varies according to the amount of the heat in the medicine. As for theriaca, Ibn Rushd criticises the theory of inherence as seen in the writings of Ibn Sīnā Ibn Sīnā claims that theriaca's specific property is generated from its substance, i.e. the combination of form with matter, not the mixture of the four qualities. But according to Ibn Rushd, with this explanation, it is impossible to explain the body's various responses to theriaca. Therefore he maintains that one must explain its specific property in terms of the four qualities. To conclude, Ibn Rushd considers his theory to be more capable of explaining various phenomena than the theory of inherence is. |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5049","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5049,"authors_free":[{"id":5799,"entry_id":5049,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Yu Hoki","free_first_name":"Yu","free_last_name":"Hoki","norm_person":null}],"entry_title":"Ibn Rushd\u2019s Criticism of the Theory of the Inherence of the Specific Property (kh\u0101ssa) in Medicine","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Ibn Rushd\u2019s Criticism of the Theory of the Inherence of the Specific Property (kh\u0101ssa) in Medicine"},"abstract":"In Medieval Arabic medical texts, a specific property (kh\u0101\u1e63\u1e63a) is thought to be one of the effects of a medicine, and effective in a specific humor or organ. This property is mainly mentioned to explain two phenomena, purgative medicines' attraction of a certain humor and theriacas strengthening of human innate heat. Galen had advocated the theory that the faculty of attracting a specific material inheres in a medical substance as its nature (referred to as the theory of inherence). The same view can be seen in the texts of Islamic philosopher-physicians such as Ibn S\u012bn\u0101 (d. 1037). On the other hand, Ibn Rushd (d. 1198) perceived the defects of this theory and criticised it. This article examines his criticism of the theory of inherence in his discussions about purgative medicines and theriacas.\r\nIbn Rushd says that using the theory of inheritance, we cannot explain the phenomenon that when someone takes more than one dose of purgative medicine, it attracts not only the specific humor, but all of the humors. He then proposes the alternative theory that the specific property originates in the proportions of the qualities in the attracting and the attracted materials. From this perspective, he insists that the object of attraction varies according to the amount of the heat in the medicine.\r\nAs for theriaca, Ibn Rushd criticises the theory of inherence as seen in the writings of Ibn S\u012bn\u0101 Ibn S\u012bn\u0101 claims that theriaca's specific property is generated from its substance, i.e. the combination of form with matter, not the mixture of the four qualities. But according to Ibn Rushd, with this explanation, it is impossible to explain the body's various responses to theriaca. Therefore he maintains that one must explain its specific property in terms of the four qualities.\r\nTo conclude, Ibn Rushd considers his theory to be more capable of explaining various phenomena than the theory of inherence is. ","btype":3,"date":"2020","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5356\/jorient.57.1_33","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":29,"category_name":"Medicine","link":"bib?categories[]=Medicine"},{"id":30,"category_name":"Galen","link":"bib?categories[]=Galen"},{"id":10,"category_name":"Avicenna","link":"bib?categories[]=Avicenna"},{"id":43,"category_name":"Tradition and Reception","link":"bib?categories[]=Tradition and Reception"}],"authors":[],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5049,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Bulletin of the Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan","volume":"57","issue":"1","pages":"33\u201348"}},"sort":[2020]}
| Title | The First as Pure Act and Causality: The Case of Ibn Rushd |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2020 |
| Published in | Islam, causality, and freedom: from the medieval to the modern era |
| Pages | 83–99 |
| Categories | Metaphysics, Neoplatonism, Avicenna, al-Ġazālī |
| Author(s) | Özgür Koca |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| The fourth chapter examines Ibn Rushd’s account of causality. It will be argued that Ibn Rushd’s theory of causality comes very close to Neo-Platonistic participatory accounts, despite his strong Aristotelian tendencies. Ibn Rushd, like Ibn Sīnā, finds the basis of causal efficacy of entities in their participation in the pure existence-act of the First. The most important implication of this understanding of causality is that despite the occasionalist critique that we do not and cannot observe a necessary connection between cause and effect, for Ibn Rushd, the moment one defines existence as pure act, it metaphysically makes more sense to accept causal efficacy of entities, for they participate in the pure existence-act of the First. The chapter also examines the differences between Ibn Sīnā and Ibn Rushd that stem from the latter’s efforts to address some of Ghazālī’s challenges. Ibn Rushd agrees with Ghazālī in that plurality can emanate from the First without emanationist intermediation and solely based on the nature-capacity-form of beings. This view establishes a closer connection between the First’s existence-act and the world than Ibn Sīnā’s metaphysics allows. |
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| Title | Aristotle’s Rhetoric and Political Thought in the Christian Orient and in al-Fârâbî, Avicenna and Averroes |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2019 |
| Published in | The Aristotelian Tradition in Syriac |
| Pages | 249–259 |
| Categories | Rhetoric, Politics, al-Fārābī, Avicenna, Aristotle |
| Author(s) | John W. Watt |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Given the remarkable fact that Aristotle’s Rhetoric appears to have had little influence outside the area of logic in late antiquity, but was very influential in Islamic political philosophy, the chapter examines whether the Syriac tradition can help to explain this development. The late antique Platonic concept of philosophical rhetoric, Themistius’ political thought, and their echoes in the Rhetoric of Antony of Tagrit are examined, and compared with the ideas expressed in the writings on rhetoric of al-Fārābī, Avicenna, Averroes, and Bar Hebraeus. |
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| Title | 'Volo magis stare cum Avicenna'. Der Zufall zwischen Averroisten und Avicennisten |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | German |
| Date | 2006 |
| Published in | Wissen über Grenzen. Arabisches Wissen und lateinisches Mittelalter |
| Pages | 662–676 |
| Categories | Tradition and Reception, Avicenna |
| Author(s) | Sven K. Knebel |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | A Hidden Source? Considerations on Averroes’ Recourse to Avicenna’s Madkhal of the Shifâ’ in the Middle Commentary on Porphyry’s Isagoge |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2018 |
| Journal | Documenti e studi sulla tradizione filosofica medievale |
| Volume | 29 |
| Pages | 125–136 |
| Categories | Avicenna, Commentary |
| Author(s) | Silvia Di Vincenzo |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5144","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5144,"authors_free":[{"id":5923,"entry_id":5144,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Silvia Di Vincenzo","free_first_name":"Silvia","free_last_name":"Di Vincenzo","norm_person":null}],"entry_title":"A Hidden Source? Considerations on Averroes\u2019 Recourse to Avicenna\u2019s Madkhal of the Shif\u00e2\u2019 in the Middle Commentary on Porphyry\u2019s Isagoge","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"A Hidden Source? Considerations on Averroes\u2019 Recourse to Avicenna\u2019s Madkhal of the Shif\u00e2\u2019 in the Middle Commentary on Porphyry\u2019s Isagoge"},"abstract":"","btype":3,"date":"2018","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":10,"category_name":"Avicenna","link":"bib?categories[]=Avicenna"},{"id":23,"category_name":"Commentary","link":"bib?categories[]=Commentary"}],"authors":[],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5144,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Documenti e studi sulla tradizione filosofica medievale","volume":"29","issue":"","pages":"125\u2013136"}},"sort":["A Hidden Source? Considerations on Averroes\u2019 Recourse to Avicenna\u2019s Madkhal of the Shif\u00e2\u2019 in the Middle Commentary on Porphyry\u2019s Isagoge"]}
| Title | A Map of Averroes’ Criticism against Avicenna: Physics, De caelo, De generatione et corruptione and Meteorology |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2018 |
| Published in | The Arabic, Hebrew and Latin Reception of Avicenna’s Physics and Cosmology |
| Pages | 163–240 |
| Categories | Avicenna, De caelo, Physics, Meteorology, Commentary, Surveys |
| Author(s) | Cristina Cerami |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5128","_score":null,"_ignored":["booksection.book.abstract.keyword"],"_source":{"id":5128,"authors_free":[{"id":5904,"entry_id":5128,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1285,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Cristina Cerami","free_first_name":"Christina","free_last_name":"Cerami","norm_person":{"id":1285,"first_name":"Cristina","last_name":"Cerami","full_name":"Cristina Cerami","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/139713840","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/317111513","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Cristina Cerami"}}],"entry_title":"A Map of Averroes\u2019 Criticism against Avicenna: Physics, De caelo, De generatione et corruptione and Meteorology","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"A Map of Averroes\u2019 Criticism against Avicenna: Physics, De caelo, De generatione et corruptione and Meteorology"},"abstract":"","btype":2,"date":"2018","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/9781614516972-008","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":10,"category_name":"Avicenna","link":"bib?categories[]=Avicenna"},{"id":66,"category_name":"De caelo","link":"bib?categories[]=De caelo"},{"id":37,"category_name":"Physics","link":"bib?categories[]=Physics"},{"id":67,"category_name":"Meteorology","link":"bib?categories[]=Meteorology"},{"id":23,"category_name":"Commentary","link":"bib?categories[]=Commentary"},{"id":18,"category_name":"Surveys","link":"bib?categories[]=Surveys"}],"authors":[{"id":1285,"full_name":"Cristina Cerami","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":{"id":5128,"section_of":5126,"pages":"163\u2013240","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":5126,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":4,"language":"en","title":"The Arabic, Hebrew and Latin Reception of Avicenna\u2019s Physics and Cosmology","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"2018","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"Avicenna (Ibn S\u012bn\u0101) greatly influenced later medieval thinking about the earth and the cosmos, not only in his own civilization, but also in Hebrew and Latin cultures. The studies presented in this volume discuss the reception of prominent theories by Avicenna from the early 11th century onwards by thinkers like Averroes, Fahraddin ar-Razi, Samuel ibn Tibbon or Albertus Magnus. Among the topics which receive particular attention are the definition and existence of motion and time. Other important topics are covered too, such as Avicenna\u2019s theories of vacuum, causality, elements, substantial change, minerals, floods and mountains. It emerges, among other things, that Avicenna inherited to the discussion an acute sense for the epistemological status of natural science and for the mental and concrete existence of its objects. The volume also addresses the philological and historical circumstances of the textual tradition and sheds light on the translators Dominicus Gundisalvi, Avendauth and Alfred of Sareshel in particular.\r\nThe articles of this volume are presented by scholars who convened in 2013 to discuss their research on the influence of Avicenna\u2019s physics and cosmology in the Villa Vigoni, Italy.","republication_of":0,"online_url":"","online_resources":null,"translation_of":"0","new_edition_of":"0","is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"ti_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/9781614516972","book":{"id":5126,"pubplace":"Boston; Berlin","publisher":"De Gruyter","series":"Scientia Graeco-Arabica","volume":"23","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":["A Map of Averroes\u2019 Criticism against Avicenna: Physics, De caelo, De generatione et corruptione and Meteorology"]}
| Title | A reference to al-Fârâbî’s Kitâb al-hurûf in Averroes’ critique of Avicenna (Tahâfut al-Tahâfut, 371,5-372,12 Bouyges) |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2014 |
| Journal | Studi Magrebini |
| Volume | 12-13 |
| Pages | 433-452 |
| Categories | al-Fārābī, Avicenna, Commentary, Metaphysics |
| Author(s) | Cecilia Martini Bonadeo |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Al-Fārābī’s Book of Letters (Kitāb al-ḥurūf) and the analyses devoted in this text to the terminology of “being” are authoritative references for Averroes from the epitomes of his youth to his mature treatises. Also the Farabian doctrine of the conventionality of the natural language plays a role in Averroes’ thought. This paper discusses the Tahāfut al-Tahāfut, (pp.371,5-372.12 Bouyges), where Averroes has recourse to the Book of Letters in criticizing Avicenna’s distinction between essence and existence. Averroes explicitly mentions the title of the work and recalls a passage from the fifteenth chapter. This passage had already inspired him in the Epitome on Metaphysics, where Averroes did not mention explicitly his source, but followed in al-Fārābī’s footsteps as for the analysis of the uses of “being”. Averroes uses tacitly the same passage also in his Commentary on Metaphysics Delta 7. |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5196","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5196,"authors_free":[{"id":5987,"entry_id":5196,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":831,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Cecilia Martini Bonadeo","free_first_name":"Cecilia","free_last_name":"Martini Bonadeo","norm_person":{"id":831,"first_name":"Cecilia","last_name":"Martini Bonadeo","full_name":"Cecilia Martini Bonadeo","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1047649543","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/305196685","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Cecilia Martini Bonadeo"}}],"entry_title":"A reference to al-F\u00e2r\u00e2b\u00ee\u2019s Kit\u00e2b al-hur\u00fbf in Averroes\u2019 critique of Avicenna (Tah\u00e2fut al-Tah\u00e2fut, 371,5-372,12 Bouyges)","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"A reference to al-F\u00e2r\u00e2b\u00ee\u2019s Kit\u00e2b al-hur\u00fbf in Averroes\u2019 critique of Avicenna (Tah\u00e2fut al-Tah\u00e2fut, 371,5-372,12 Bouyges)"},"abstract":"Al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b\u2019s Book of Letters (Kit\u0101b al-\u1e25ur\u016bf) and the analyses devoted in this text to the terminology of \u201cbeing\u201d are authoritative references for Averroes from the epitomes of his youth to his mature treatises. Also the Farabian doctrine of the conventionality of the natural language plays a role in Averroes\u2019 thought. This paper discusses the Tah\u0101fut al-Tah\u0101fut, (pp.371,5-372.12 Bouyges), where Averroes has recourse to the Book of Letters in criticizing Avicenna\u2019s distinction between essence and existence. Averroes explicitly mentions the title of the work and recalls a passage from the fifteenth chapter. This passage had already inspired him in the Epitome on Metaphysics, where Averroes did not mention explicitly his source, but followed in al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b\u2019s footsteps as for the analysis of the uses of \u201cbeing\u201d. Averroes uses tacitly the same passage also in his Commentary on Metaphysics Delta 7.","btype":3,"date":"2014","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":28,"category_name":"al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b","link":"bib?categories[]=al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b"},{"id":10,"category_name":"Avicenna","link":"bib?categories[]=Avicenna"},{"id":23,"category_name":"Commentary","link":"bib?categories[]=Commentary"},{"id":31,"category_name":"Metaphysics","link":"bib?categories[]=Metaphysics"}],"authors":[{"id":831,"full_name":"Cecilia Martini Bonadeo","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5196,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Studi Magrebini","volume":"12-13 ","issue":"","pages":"433-452"}},"sort":["A reference to al-F\u00e2r\u00e2b\u00ee\u2019s Kit\u00e2b al-hur\u00fbf in Averroes\u2019 critique of Avicenna (Tah\u00e2fut al-Tah\u00e2fut, 371,5-372,12 Bouyges)"]}
| Title | Alexander of Aphrodisias in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance |
| Type | Edited Book |
| Language | undefined |
| Date | 2021 |
| Publication Place | Turnhout |
| Publisher | Brepols |
| Series | Studia artistarum |
| Volume | 45 |
| Categories | Aristotle, Alexander of Aphrodisias, Albert, Avicenna, Renaissance, Metaphysics, Logic |
| Author(s) | Pietro B. Rossi , Matteo Di Giovanni , Andrea A. Robiglio |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| The greatest ancient interpreter of Aristotle, Alexander of Aphrodisias (fl. 200 AD) exerted a profound and enduring influence upon philosophy from Boethius until the modern era. Alexander’s interpretations laid the foundation for multiple philosophical views which were promoted as quintessentially Aristotelian by both Islamic and Latin thinkers throughout the Middle Ages. In the Renaissance, the University of Padua, a leading center of philosophical education and thought, established a scholarly tradition named “Alexandrinism” after him. |
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| Title | Alfarabi, Avicenna, and Averroes on Intellect. Their Cosmologies, Theories of the Active Intellect, and Theories of Human Intellect |
| Type | Monograph |
| Language | undefined |
| Date | 1992 |
| Publication Place | New York, Oxford |
| Publisher | Oxford University Press |
| Categories | Psychology, Avicenna, al-Fārābī |
| Author(s) | Herbert A. Davidson |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"816","_score":null,"_source":{"id":816,"authors_free":[{"id":980,"entry_id":816,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":249,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Herbert A. Davidson","free_first_name":"Herbert A.","free_last_name":"Davidson","norm_person":{"id":249,"first_name":"Herbert","last_name":"Davidson","full_name":"Herbert Davidson","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/15814743X","viaf_url":"","db_url":"NULL","from_claudius":0,"link":"bib?authors[]=Herbert Davidson"}}],"entry_title":"Alfarabi, Avicenna, and Averroes on Intellect. Their Cosmologies, Theories of the Active Intellect, and Theories of Human Intellect","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Alfarabi, Avicenna, and Averroes on Intellect. Their Cosmologies, Theories of the Active Intellect, and Theories of Human Intellect"},"abstract":null,"btype":1,"date":"1992","language":null,"online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"},{"id":10,"category_name":"Avicenna","link":"bib?categories[]=Avicenna"},{"id":28,"category_name":"al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b","link":"bib?categories[]=al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b"}],"authors":[{"id":249,"full_name":"Herbert Davidson","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":{"id":816,"pubplace":"New York, Oxford","publisher":"Oxford University Press","series":null,"volume":null,"edition_no":null,"valid_from":null,"valid_until":null},"booksection":null,"article":null},"sort":["Alfarabi, Avicenna, and Averroes on Intellect. Their Cosmologies, Theories of the Active Intellect, and Theories of Human Intellect"]}
| Title | An Abstractionist Correction of Avicenna's Theory of Intentionality in the Early Averroes |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2011 |
| Journal | Acta Philosophica |
| Volume | 20 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 405-420 |
| Categories | Aristotle, Avicenna |
| Author(s) | Francisco Romero Carasquillo |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| This paper offers an account of Averroes’ early doctrine of the internal senses with special reference to the role that intentionality plays in internal sense cognition. The author points out that, whereas for Avicenna an “intention” is the object of a specific faculty, for Averroes it is the formal aspect at any level of internal-sense cognition. This interpretation is required by the need to find coherence among those passages in Averroes’ Epitome de Parva naturalia that ascribe the joining of images and intentions to both the cogitative and memorative faculties. Consequently, Averroes’ account is hopelessly incoherent unless one interprets him as departing from, and indeed revising, the Avicennian doctrine of intentionality along more a faithful Aristotelian-abstractionist framework. |
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| Title | Arabic/Islamic Philosophy in Thomas Aquinas’s Conception of the Beatific Vision in IV Sent., D. 49, Q. 2, A.1 |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2012 |
| Journal | The Thomist |
| Volume | 76 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 509–550 |
| Categories | Metaphysics, al-Fārābī, Ibn Bāǧǧa, Avicenna, Alexander of Aphrodisias |
| Author(s) | Richard C. Taylor |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Aristotle’s Rhetoric and Political Thought in the Christian Orient and in al-Fârâbî, Avicenna and Averroes |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2019 |
| Published in | The Aristotelian Tradition in Syriac |
| Pages | 249–259 |
| Categories | Rhetoric, Politics, al-Fārābī, Avicenna, Aristotle |
| Author(s) | John W. Watt |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Given the remarkable fact that Aristotle’s Rhetoric appears to have had little influence outside the area of logic in late antiquity, but was very influential in Islamic political philosophy, the chapter examines whether the Syriac tradition can help to explain this development. The late antique Platonic concept of philosophical rhetoric, Themistius’ political thought, and their echoes in the Rhetoric of Antony of Tagrit are examined, and compared with the ideas expressed in the writings on rhetoric of al-Fārābī, Avicenna, Averroes, and Bar Hebraeus. |
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| Title | Aristotle’s Rhetoric and Political Thought in the Christian Orient and in al-Fârâbî, Avicenna and Averroes |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2011 |
| Published in | Well Begun is Only Half Done: Tracing Aristotle’s Political Ideas in Medieval Arabic, Syriac, Byzantine, and Jewish Sources |
| Pages | 17–47 |
| Categories | Rhetoric, Politics, al-Fārābī, Avicenna, Aristotle |
| Author(s) | John W. Watt |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| see also the Chapter under the same title in John W. Watt "The Aristotelian Tradition in Syriac". |
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