| Title | Ibn Rushd on Knowledge, Pleasures, and Analogy |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2021 |
| Journal | Philosophy and Scienes in Muslim Contexts |
| Categories | Logic, Psychology, Metaphysics, Poetics, Rhetoric |
| Author(s) | Fouad Ben Ahmed |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Access | https://philosmus.org/en/archives/894 |
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| Title | Interpreting Averroes. Critical Essays |
| Type | Monograph |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2019 |
| Publication Place | Cambridge |
| Publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| Categories | Logic, Natural Philosophy, Psychology, Metaphysics, Law, Medicine, Ethics |
| Author(s) | Peter Adamson , Matteo Di Giovanni |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Averroes and Aquinas on the Agent Intellect’s Causation of the Intelligible |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2015 |
| Journal | Recherches de Théologie et Philosophie médiévales |
| Volume | 82 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 1–60 |
| Categories | Thomas, Psychology, Metaphysics |
| Author(s) | Therese Scarpelli Cory |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| This article examines two medieval thinkers – Averroes and Aquinas – on the kind of causation exercised by the agent intellect in 'abstracting' or producing intelligibles from images in the imagination. It argues that abstraction in these thinkers should be interpreted in causal terms, as an act whereby images in the imagination, through the power of the agent intellect, educe their intelligible likeness in a receptive intellect. This Averroean-Thomistic causal approach to abstraction offers an intriguing alternative to the usual approach to abstraction as an epistemological content-sorting. The article also demonstrates the extensive common ground uniting these thinkers’ cognition theories, despite Aquinas’s well-known rejection of Averroes’s theory of separate Intellects. |
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| Title | Ibn Rushd, Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Hafīd (Averroes) |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2011 |
| Published in | Encyclopedia of Medieval Philosophy. Philosophy between 500 and 1500 |
| Pages | 494–501 |
| Categories | Biography, Surveys, Logic, Psychology, Cosmology, Metaphysics |
| Author(s) | Taneli Kukkonen |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Averroes (1126–1198 CE) was the most famous and prolific commentator on Aristotle in all of medieval philosophy: 38 works are extant, at all levels of instruction. This concentration on Aristotle was not happenstance, instead, it reflects Averroes’ maturing philosophical outlook. For Averroes, Aristotle’s teaching came to represent the pinnacle of philosophical wisdom, and answers to all the most pressing problems in philosophy were to be found in a thorough and careful exploration of what that teaching truly implied. In the course of Averroes’ deepening investigations into Aristotelian lore, alternative interpretations were advanced and different traditions of thinking carefully laid side by side, producing a field guide to the Peripatetic tradition, as it was known to an Arabic scholar of the classical period. The resulting body of texts represents a high watermark in Aristotelian synthesis and systematization, even if Averroes failed in the end to resolve satisfactorily all the problems that had accumulated over the centuries. In addition to his Aristotelian Commentaries, Explications, and Compendia (which, besides Aristotle, encompassed works by Plato, Galen, Ptolemy, and al-Ġazālī), Averroes wrote smaller, independent essays and questions that explored contested issues in Aristotelian teaching; polemical works that argued the religious innocence and intellectual respectability of Peripatetic philosophy, correctly understood; and medical and legal treatises of solid but unspectacular standing. Averroes’ reputation was made in Latin Scholasticism and in Jewish circles of learning, while in the Arabic world his works fell mostly by the wayside. Today, his name is evoked in the Arabic world as a rallying-point for a rationalist Islam – a fitting legacy, if not always especially well grounded (modern-day Averroists displaying at best a cursory knowledge of the Commentator’s philosophy). |
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| Title | Averroes' Philosophical Conception of Separate Intellect and God |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2011 |
| Published in | La lumière de l'intellect. La pensée scientifique et philosophique d'Averroès dans son temps. Actes du IVe colloque international de la SIHSPAI (Société internationale d'histoire des sciences et de la philosophie arabes et islamiques). Cordoue, 9–12 décembre 1998 |
| Pages | 391–404 |
| Categories | Psychology, Metaphysics |
| Author(s) | Richard C. Taylor |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Universal Representation, and the Ontology of Individuation |
| Type | Edited Book |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2011 |
| Publication Place | Newcastle upon Tyne |
| Publisher | Cambridge Scholars Publishing |
| Series | Proceedings of the Society for Medieval Logic and Metaphysics |
| Volume | 5 |
| Categories | Psychology, Metaphysics, Avicenna, Aquinas, Ockham, Henry of Ghent |
| Author(s) | Gyula Klima , Alexander W. Hall |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| There is broad agreement in the medieval tradition that we conceive things in the world owing to the transmission of intelligible content through various media that culminates in the concept by which something in the world is cognitively present for us. Yet how the intelligible content is transmitted along with the nature of the ultimate object of cognition provoked ceaseless debate. The first three essays in Universal Representation, and the Ontology of Individuation consider these issues as they play out in the metaphysics and natural philosophy of Avicenna, Averroes, Thomas Aquinas, Ockham and others. The last three essays turn to the metaphysical problem of the nature of the principle of individuation. Moderate realists believe in the existence of immanent general natures such as humanity and equinity, whereby individuals are members of diverse natural kinds. Accordingly, moderate realists such as Aquinas, Henry of Ghent and Duns Scotus need to investigate the nature of the individuating principle by which members of one and the same natural kind differ from one another. Nominalists, for their part, need not concern themselves with any principle of individuation as, for them, all reality is individual, there being no immanent universals; but this release comes at the cost of a new set of epistemological problems. |
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| Title | Intentionality in Medieval Arabic Philosophy |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2010 |
| Journal | Quaestio |
| Volume | 10 |
| Pages | 65-81 |
| Categories | Avicenna, Psychology, Metaphysics, Linguistics |
| Author(s) | Deborah L. Black |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| It has long been a truism of the history of philosophy that intentionality is an invention of the medieval period, and within this standard narrative, the central place of Arabic philosophy has always been acknowledged. Yet there are many misconceptions surrounding the theories of intentionality advanced by the two main Arabic thinkers whose works were available to the West, Avicenna and Averroes. In the first part of this paper I offer an overview of the general accounts of intentionality and intentional being found in the linguistic, psychological, and metaphysical writings of Avicenna and Averroes, and I trace the terminology of “intentions” to a neglected passage from Avicenna’s logic. In the second part of the paper I examine the way that Avicenna and Averroes apply their general theories of intentionality to the realm of sense perception. I offer an explanation of why Avicenna might have chosen to denominate the objects of the internal sense faculty of estimation as “intentions”, and I explore the implications of Averroes’s decision to attribute intentionality to the external senses and the media of perception. |
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| Title | The Ontological Entailment of Averroes' Understanding of Perception |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | undefined |
| Date | 2008 |
| Published in | Theories of Perception in Medieval and Early Modern Philosophy |
| Pages | 73–86 |
| Categories | Metaphysics, Psychology |
| Author(s) | Alfred L. Ivry |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Averroes on Psychology and the Principles of Metaphysics |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 1998 |
| Journal | Journal of the History of Philosophy |
| Volume | 36 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 507–523 |
| Categories | Psychology, Metaphysics |
| Author(s) | Richard C. Taylor |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Autour de Pomponazzi: Problématique de l'immortalité de l'ame en Italie au début du XVIe siècle |
| Type | Article |
| Language | French |
| Date | 1961 |
| Journal | Archives d'histoire doctrinale et littéraire du Moyen Age |
| Volume | 28 |
| Pages | 163-279 |
| Categories | Averroism, Metaphysics, Psychology, Tradition and Reception |
| Author(s) | Étienne Gilson |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Access | https://www.jstor.org/stable/44403124 |
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| Title | Autour de Pomponazzi: Problématique de l'immortalité de l'ame en Italie au début du XVIe siècle |
| Type | Article |
| Language | French |
| Date | 1961 |
| Journal | Archives d'histoire doctrinale et littéraire du Moyen Age |
| Volume | 28 |
| Pages | 163-279 |
| Categories | Averroism, Metaphysics, Psychology, Tradition and Reception |
| Author(s) | Étienne Gilson |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Access | https://www.jstor.org/stable/44403124 |
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| Title | Averroes and Aquinas on the Agent Intellect’s Causation of the Intelligible |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2015 |
| Journal | Recherches de Théologie et Philosophie médiévales |
| Volume | 82 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 1–60 |
| Categories | Thomas, Psychology, Metaphysics |
| Author(s) | Therese Scarpelli Cory |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| This article examines two medieval thinkers – Averroes and Aquinas – on the kind of causation exercised by the agent intellect in 'abstracting' or producing intelligibles from images in the imagination. It argues that abstraction in these thinkers should be interpreted in causal terms, as an act whereby images in the imagination, through the power of the agent intellect, educe their intelligible likeness in a receptive intellect. This Averroean-Thomistic causal approach to abstraction offers an intriguing alternative to the usual approach to abstraction as an epistemological content-sorting. The article also demonstrates the extensive common ground uniting these thinkers’ cognition theories, despite Aquinas’s well-known rejection of Averroes’s theory of separate Intellects. |
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| Title | Averroes on Psychology and the Principles of Metaphysics |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 1998 |
| Journal | Journal of the History of Philosophy |
| Volume | 36 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 507–523 |
| Categories | Psychology, Metaphysics |
| Author(s) | Richard C. Taylor |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Averroes' Philosophical Conception of Separate Intellect and God |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2011 |
| Published in | La lumière de l'intellect. La pensée scientifique et philosophique d'Averroès dans son temps. Actes du IVe colloque international de la SIHSPAI (Société internationale d'histoire des sciences et de la philosophie arabes et islamiques). Cordoue, 9–12 décembre 1998 |
| Pages | 391–404 |
| Categories | Psychology, Metaphysics |
| Author(s) | Richard C. Taylor |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Ibn Rushd on Knowledge, Pleasures, and Analogy |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2021 |
| Journal | Philosophy and Scienes in Muslim Contexts |
| Categories | Logic, Psychology, Metaphysics, Poetics, Rhetoric |
| Author(s) | Fouad Ben Ahmed |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Access | https://philosmus.org/en/archives/894 |
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| Title | Ibn Rushd, Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Hafīd (Averroes) |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2011 |
| Published in | Encyclopedia of Medieval Philosophy. Philosophy between 500 and 1500 |
| Pages | 494–501 |
| Categories | Biography, Surveys, Logic, Psychology, Cosmology, Metaphysics |
| Author(s) | Taneli Kukkonen |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Averroes (1126–1198 CE) was the most famous and prolific commentator on Aristotle in all of medieval philosophy: 38 works are extant, at all levels of instruction. This concentration on Aristotle was not happenstance, instead, it reflects Averroes’ maturing philosophical outlook. For Averroes, Aristotle’s teaching came to represent the pinnacle of philosophical wisdom, and answers to all the most pressing problems in philosophy were to be found in a thorough and careful exploration of what that teaching truly implied. In the course of Averroes’ deepening investigations into Aristotelian lore, alternative interpretations were advanced and different traditions of thinking carefully laid side by side, producing a field guide to the Peripatetic tradition, as it was known to an Arabic scholar of the classical period. The resulting body of texts represents a high watermark in Aristotelian synthesis and systematization, even if Averroes failed in the end to resolve satisfactorily all the problems that had accumulated over the centuries. In addition to his Aristotelian Commentaries, Explications, and Compendia (which, besides Aristotle, encompassed works by Plato, Galen, Ptolemy, and al-Ġazālī), Averroes wrote smaller, independent essays and questions that explored contested issues in Aristotelian teaching; polemical works that argued the religious innocence and intellectual respectability of Peripatetic philosophy, correctly understood; and medical and legal treatises of solid but unspectacular standing. Averroes’ reputation was made in Latin Scholasticism and in Jewish circles of learning, while in the Arabic world his works fell mostly by the wayside. Today, his name is evoked in the Arabic world as a rallying-point for a rationalist Islam – a fitting legacy, if not always especially well grounded (modern-day Averroists displaying at best a cursory knowledge of the Commentator’s philosophy). |
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| Title | Intentionality in Medieval Arabic Philosophy |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2010 |
| Journal | Quaestio |
| Volume | 10 |
| Pages | 65-81 |
| Categories | Avicenna, Psychology, Metaphysics, Linguistics |
| Author(s) | Deborah L. Black |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| It has long been a truism of the history of philosophy that intentionality is an invention of the medieval period, and within this standard narrative, the central place of Arabic philosophy has always been acknowledged. Yet there are many misconceptions surrounding the theories of intentionality advanced by the two main Arabic thinkers whose works were available to the West, Avicenna and Averroes. In the first part of this paper I offer an overview of the general accounts of intentionality and intentional being found in the linguistic, psychological, and metaphysical writings of Avicenna and Averroes, and I trace the terminology of “intentions” to a neglected passage from Avicenna’s logic. In the second part of the paper I examine the way that Avicenna and Averroes apply their general theories of intentionality to the realm of sense perception. I offer an explanation of why Avicenna might have chosen to denominate the objects of the internal sense faculty of estimation as “intentions”, and I explore the implications of Averroes’s decision to attribute intentionality to the external senses and the media of perception. |
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| Title | Interpreting Averroes. Critical Essays |
| Type | Monograph |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2019 |
| Publication Place | Cambridge |
| Publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| Categories | Logic, Natural Philosophy, Psychology, Metaphysics, Law, Medicine, Ethics |
| Author(s) | Peter Adamson , Matteo Di Giovanni |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Onstoffelijkheid en kenactiviteit bij Thomas van Aquino |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Dutch |
| Date | 1956 |
| Journal | Tijdschrift voor Philosophie |
| Volume | 18de Jaarg. |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 625-658 |
| Categories | Metaphysics, Psychology, Aquinas |
| Author(s) | L. J. van der Linden |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Access | https://www.jstor.org/stable/40880188 |
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| Title | The Ontological Entailment of Averroes' Understanding of Perception |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | undefined |
| Date | 2008 |
| Published in | Theories of Perception in Medieval and Early Modern Philosophy |
| Pages | 73–86 |
| Categories | Metaphysics, Psychology |
| Author(s) | Alfred L. Ivry |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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