{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5353","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5353,"authors_free":[{"id":6204,"entry_id":5353,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Rasoul Namazi","free_first_name":"Rasoul ","free_last_name":"Namazi","norm_person":null}],"entry_title":"The Shar\u012b\u02bfa of the Republic: Islamic Law and Philosophy in Averroes\u2019s Commentary on Plato\u2019s \u201cRepublic\u201d","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"The Shar\u012b\u02bfa of the Republic: Islamic Law and Philosophy in Averroes\u2019s Commentary on Plato\u2019s \u201cRepublic\u201d"},"abstract":"Averroes is one of the few Muslim philosophers whose work has had a considerable impact on European thought; the phenomenon of Averroism has been a part of the common European intellectual heritage for several centuries. One of the most enduring and widely held views, or rather myths, about Averroes for centuries has been that he was a fierce enemy of religion. This view was partly rejected by Ernest Renan's classic nineteenth-century study, in which he critiqued what he called \u201cla legende d\u2019Averroes.\u201d Although a spirited follower of the Enlightenment's cult of science and battle against superstition, and despite his admiration for Averroes as a figure who tried to keep the spirit of reason alive during religious ages, Renan remained unconvinced by the charges leveled against the Arab philosopher. He tried to show how much this view of Averroes was a construction of the European mind in its own battles over heterodoxy and free thought. Renan did not, however, settle for a narrative about the intellectual history of European Averroism, but went beyond this, depicting Averroes's rationalism and Islamic beliefs as two separate, independent spheres that tend not to conflict with each other. That is to say, Averroes could have been a good Muslim as well as a good philosopher. The historicist presuppositions of Renan's thought, however\u2014presuppositions according to which every system of thought is a product of its own time\u2014made his perspective on Averroes incoherent and open to future revisions. Leon Gauthier, although critical of Renan, also tried to circumvent the question of the relationship between Islam and philosophy in Averroes's work. He did this by depicting Islam as a religion without substantial doctrinal content, thereby making possible its compatibility with Greek philosophy. Gauthier therefore claimed that Averroes's thought could be seen as \u201cun rationalisme sans reserve [an unqualified rationalism]\u201d without necessarily rendering Averroes an unbeliever. Scholars like A. F. Mehren, Max Horten, and As\u00ecn Palacio avoided such unsatisfactory solutions by wholeheartedly embracing the view that, in the end, Islamic philosophy is more Islamic than philosophic. They argued that the Islamic philosophy of the fal\u0101sifa is an outgrowth of Islamic beliefs expressed in the language of Greek philosophy, and fully in the service of Muslim revelation; therefore, according to these scholars, there is no real conflict between Averroes's philosophy and the tenets of Islam.","btype":2,"date":"2022","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/9781800104983.008","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":26,"category_name":"Law","link":"bib?categories[]=Law"},{"id":39,"category_name":"Theology","link":"bib?categories[]=Theology"},{"id":47,"category_name":"Relation between Philosophy and Theology","link":"bib?categories[]=Relation between Philosophy and Theology"}],"authors":[],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":{"id":5353,"section_of":5346,"pages":"160\u2013181","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":5346,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":4,"language":"en","title":"Plato's Republic in the Islamic Context. New Perspectives on Averroes's Commentary","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"2022","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"","republication_of":0,"online_url":"","online_resources":null,"translation_of":"0","new_edition_of":"0","is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"ti_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/9781800104983","book":{"id":5346,"pubplace":"","publisher":" Boydell & Brewer","series":"","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null},"persons":[{"id":6196,"entry_id":5346,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":" Alexander Orwin","free_first_name":" Alexander","free_last_name":" Orwin","norm_person":null}]}},"article":null},"sort":["The Shar\u012b\u02bfa of the Republic: Islamic Law and Philosophy in Averroes\u2019s Commentary on Plato\u2019s \u201cRepublic\u201d"]}

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5476","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5476,"authors_free":[{"id":6350,"entry_id":5476,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Ragip Ege","free_first_name":"Ragip","free_last_name":"Ege","norm_person":null}],"entry_title":"The concept of \u201clawfulness\u201d in economic matters: reading Ibn Rushd (Averroes)","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"The concept of \u201clawfulness\u201d in economic matters: reading Ibn Rushd (Averroes)"},"abstract":"In the Middle Ages the major concept through which economic matters are analysed and evaluated is the \u201clawful\u201d, in Arabic ja\u0302\u2019iz, concept. It claims to establish whether a gain, a profit, a contract is lawful or not: that is the main question theologians examine when they are addressing the issue of appreciating any economic fact. In our study, we analyse the criteria of the \u201clawfulness\u201d as found in the economic parts of Ibn Rushd's work entitled Bida\u0302yat al-mujtahid wa niha\u0302yat al-muqta\u1e63id (English translation: The Distinguished Jurist's Primer). Our thesis is inspired essentially by Raymond De Roover's studies on the economic thought in the Middle Ages. De Roover shows that the criteria for lawfulness are to be found in the nature of the contract between partners: a gain is lawful if the contract which generates it is lawful. Our study essentially consists in a text analysis.","btype":3,"date":"2017","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09672567.2017.1332665","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":26,"category_name":"Law","link":"bib?categories[]=Law"},{"id":82,"category_name":"Economics","link":"bib?categories[]=Economics"}],"authors":[],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5476,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"The European Journal of the History of Economic Thought","volume":"24","issue":"4","pages":"670-688"}},"sort":["The concept of \u201clawfulness\u201d in economic matters: reading Ibn Rushd (Averroes)"]}

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5150","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5150,"authors_free":[{"id":5929,"entry_id":5150,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":" Maurice A. Pomerantz","free_first_name":" Maurice A. ","free_last_name":"Pomerantz","norm_person":null},{"id":5930,"entry_id":5150,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Aram A. Shahin","free_first_name":"Aram A. ","free_last_name":"Shahin","norm_person":null}],"entry_title":"The heritage of Arabo-Islamic learning: studies presented to Wadad Kadi","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"The heritage of Arabo-Islamic learning: studies presented to Wadad Kadi"},"abstract":"The Arabo-Islamic heritage of the Islam is among the richest, most diverse, and longest-lasting literary traditions in the world. Born from a culture and religion that valued teaching, Arabo-Islamic learning spread from the seventh century and has had a lasting impact until the present.In The Heritage of Arabo-Islamic Learning leading scholars around the world present twenty-five studies explore diverse areas of Arabo-Islamic heritage in honor of a renowned scholar and teacher, Dr. Wadad A. Kadi (Prof. Emerita, University of Chicago). The volume includes contributions in three main areas: History, Institutions, and the Use of Documentary Sources; Religion, Law, and Islamic Thought; Language, Literature, and Heritage which reflect Prof. Kadi\u2019s contributions to the field. ","btype":4,"date":"2015","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/9789004307469","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":18,"category_name":"Surveys","link":"bib?categories[]=Surveys"},{"id":39,"category_name":"Theology","link":"bib?categories[]=Theology"},{"id":26,"category_name":"Law","link":"bib?categories[]=Law"}],"authors":[],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":{"id":5150,"pubplace":"Leiden, Boston","publisher":"Brill","series":"Islamic History and Civilization","volume":"122 ","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null},"booksection":null,"article":null},"sort":["The heritage of Arabo-Islamic learning: studies presented to Wadad Kadi"]}

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5215","_score":null,"_ignored":["booksection.book.abstract.keyword"],"_source":{"id":5215,"authors_free":[{"id":6017,"entry_id":5215,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1440,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Fouad Ben Ahmed","free_first_name":"Fouad","free_last_name":"Ben Ahmed","norm_person":{"id":1440,"first_name":"Fouad","last_name":"Ben Ahmed","full_name":"Fouad Ben Ahmed","short_ident":"FouBen","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Fouad Ben Ahmed"}}],"entry_title":"Three Masters and One Disciple: Ibn Tuml\u00fbs\u2019s Critical Incorporation of al-F\u00e2r\u00e2b\u00ee, al-Ghaz\u00e2l\u00ee, and Ibn Rushd","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Three Masters and One Disciple: Ibn Tuml\u00fbs\u2019s Critical Incorporation of al-F\u00e2r\u00e2b\u00ee, al-Ghaz\u00e2l\u00ee, and Ibn Rushd"},"abstract":"","btype":2,"date":"2016","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/9783110461770-027","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":28,"category_name":"al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b","link":"bib?categories[]=al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b"},{"id":14,"category_name":"al-\u0120az\u0101l\u012b","link":"bib?categories[]=al-\u0120az\u0101l\u012b"},{"id":40,"category_name":"Transmission","link":"bib?categories[]=Transmission"},{"id":27,"category_name":"Logic","link":"bib?categories[]=Logic"},{"id":26,"category_name":"Law","link":"bib?categories[]=Law"},{"id":29,"category_name":"Medicine","link":"bib?categories[]=Medicine"}],"authors":[{"id":1440,"full_name":"Fouad Ben Ahmed","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":{"id":5215,"section_of":5214,"pages":"537\u2013556","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":5214,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":4,"language":"no language selected","title":"Sch\u00fcler und Meister","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"2016","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"Practices and techniques of imparting competency and knowledge are always essential for any mediation- or transfer process. Based on the distinctive master-disciple relationship, this volume examines individual ways of life, social contexts and institutional requirements as well as discursive practices and epistemological implications of this key relationship bequeathing culturally conveyed proficiencies and culturally encoded knowledge.","republication_of":0,"online_url":"","online_resources":null,"translation_of":"0","new_edition_of":"0","is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"ti_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/9783110461770","book":{"id":5214,"pubplace":"Berlin, Boston","publisher":"De Gruyter","series":"Miscellanea Mediaevalia","volume":"39","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":["Three Masters and One Disciple: Ibn Tuml\u00fbs\u2019s Critical Incorporation of al-F\u00e2r\u00e2b\u00ee, al-Ghaz\u00e2l\u00ee, and Ibn Rushd"]}

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5520","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5520,"authors_free":[{"id":6407,"entry_id":5520,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":85,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Averroes","free_first_name":"","free_last_name":"","norm_person":{"id":85,"first_name":"","last_name":"","full_name":"Averroes","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/118505238","viaf_url":"http:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/19688718","db_url":"https:\/\/www.deutsche-biographie.de\/gnd118505238.html","from_claudius":0,"link":"bib?authors[]=Averroes"}},{"id":6408,"entry_id":5520,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":269,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Mu\u1e25ammad Ibn-\u02bfAbd-al-Malik Ibn-\u1e6cufail","free_first_name":"Mu\u1e25ammad Ibn-\u02bfAbd-al-Malik","free_last_name":"Ibn-\u1e6cufail","norm_person":{"id":269,"first_name":"","last_name":"","full_name":"Ibn Tufail","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/118847147","viaf_url":"http:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/19145910989627061447\/","db_url":"https:\/\/www.deutsche-biographie.de\/pnd118847147.html","from_claudius":0,"link":"bib?authors[]=Ibn Tufail"}},{"id":6409,"entry_id":5520,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":3,"role_name":"translator"},"free_name":"Jim Colville","free_first_name":"Jim ","free_last_name":"Colville","norm_person":null}],"entry_title":"Two Andalusian philosophers","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Two Andalusian philosophers"},"abstract":"The story of \"Hayy Ibn Yaqzan\" by Abu Bakr Muhammad Ibn Tufayl and \"The definitive statement\" by Abu'l Walid Muhammad Ibn Rushd \/ translated from the Arabic with an introduction and notes by Jim Colville","btype":1,"date":"1999","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":47,"category_name":"Relation between Philosophy and Theology","link":"bib?categories[]=Relation between Philosophy and Theology"},{"id":26,"category_name":"Law","link":"bib?categories[]=Law"},{"id":4,"category_name":"Politics","link":"bib?categories[]=Politics"}],"authors":[{"id":85,"full_name":"Averroes","role":1},{"id":269,"full_name":"Ibn Tufail","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":{"id":5520,"pubplace":"London [u.a.]","publisher":"Kegan Paul","series":"The Kegan Paul Arabia library","volume":"6 ","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null},"booksection":null,"article":null},"sort":["Two Andalusian philosophers"]}