Ibn Rushd in the Safavid Iran: “En Orient, après Averroès … ” Revisited, 2023
By: Fouad Ben Ahmed
Title Ibn Rushd in the Safavid Iran: “En Orient, après Averroès … ” Revisited
Type Article
Language English
Date 2023
Journal Intellectual history of the Islamicate world
Pages 1-29
Categories Transmission, Tradition and Reception
Author(s) Fouad Ben Ahmed
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
Tracing the possible ways in which the thought of Ibn Rushd (Averroes, d. 595/1198) was transmitted within Muslim contexts can be such a “frustrating” and “depressing” task that it may have contributed to the near absence of his name in the lists of influential philosophers of Islam in the eastern part of the Islamic world. This article, through the consultation of original texts and manuscripts sets out to throw some light on this seeming absence. It offers a revision of Henry Corbin’s famous assertion about Ibn Rushd’s fate in the East by addressing the various receptions of Ibn Rushd’s texts in North Africa, Egypt, and the Levant, examining available manuscript catalogs of Ibn Rushd’s writings in Iran, and analyzing an important work by ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Lāhījī (d. 1072/1661–1662), one of the most famous philosophers of the 17th century.

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هل كتب ابن رشد شق بعنوانة “الضميمة“؟ ملا حظات نقدية حول غموض عمّر أكثر من قرن و نصف, 2021
By: Fouad Ben Ahmed
Title هل كتب ابن رشد شق بعنوانة “الضميمة“؟ ملا حظات نقدية حول غموض عمّر أكثر من قرن و نصف
Translation Hat Ibn Rusd ein Werk mit dem Titel "Damīna" geschrieben? Kritische Anmerkungen um ein Geheimnis, das mehr als ein und ein halbes Jahrhundert dauert
Type Article
Language Arabic
Date 2021
Journal Philosophy and Sciences in Islamic Contexts
Categories Relation between Philosophy and Theology, Transmission
Author(s) Fouad Ben Ahmed
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
In this study, I examine the “identities” that a short work by the Andalusian philosopher Ibn Rushd (Averroes, d. 595/1198), in which he deals with the question of “Does God know particulars?” has accumulated throughout its history. This work, which is usually published as an appendix to the Faṣl almaqāl (Decisive Treatises), is known in modern times under several names, including an Appendix on Divine Knowledge, or the Appendix or Dhayl to the Faṣl al-Maqal, or simply Ḍamīma or the Epistle Dedicatory entitled the Ḍamīma. This makes one wonder: did Ibn Rushd really write a work with this title? In order to answer this straightforward question and to identify the origin of the problem, I tried to return to the indexes, catalogs, historical and biographical works in which data of this work appeared, as well as to its unique manuscript (Escorial: 632). This survey helped us to clarify the forms of ambiguity that surrounded its title, since its first publication in the middle of the nineteenth century until today. My aim is to show that this work, unlike most of Ibn Rushd's works, is not supposed to have a specific title, as it was an answer to a question put to Ibn Rushd; which means that what has been mentioned in the index of Ibn Rushd's works (Escorial: 884) remains most relevant and closest to the identity of this short text.

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Damnatio memoriae: On Deleting the East from Western History, 2020
By: Koert Debeuf
Title Damnatio memoriae: On Deleting the East from Western History
Type Article
Language English
Date 2020
Journal New England Journal of Public Policy
Volume 32
Issue 2
Pages 1-12
Categories Renaissance, Transmission, Tradition and Reception
Author(s) Koert Debeuf
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
The story we read in books about the Renaissance tells us that Petrarch and Poggio rediscovered the books of antiquity that had been copied for centuries in medieval abbeys. The re-introduction of Greek science and philosophy, however, began in the twelfth century but occurred mainly in the thirteenth century. These works were first translated into Syriac and Arabic in the eighth and ninth centuries and stored in the House of Wisdom in Baghdad. There they were read, used, and commented on by Arab philosophers, of whom the most famous was Averroes (1126-1198), who lived in Cordoba. The translation of his commentaries on Aristotle changed the European philosophical scene profoundly. Averroes, who also had a philosophy of his own, had followers in Latin Europe until the sixteenth century. His work was well-known and he appeared in histories of philosophy until the middle of the nineteenth century, when the Arabs were pushed out of the history books. One reason was the invention of the concept of the Renaissance.

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Il manoscritto della Destructio destructionum di Averroè appartenuto a Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (Napoli, Biblioteca Nazionale, VIII E 31), 2018
By: Giovanna Murano
Title Il manoscritto della Destructio destructionum di Averroè appartenuto a Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (Napoli, Biblioteca Nazionale, VIII E 31)
Type Article
Language Italian
Date 2018
Journal Bulletin de Philosophie Médiévale
Volume 60
Pages 67–80
Categories al-Ġazālī, Transmission, Renaissance
Author(s) Giovanna Murano
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
The Tahāfut al-tahāfut is Averroes' response to the Tahāfut al-falāsifa (The Incoherence of the Philosopher) written by Abū Hāmid al-Ghazālī. The work in its Latin translation from the Arabic was entitled Destructio destructionum, and an incomplete edition of this translation was published by Agostino Nifo in 1497. The MS. Naples, Biblioteca Nazionale, VIII E 31, unknown until now to scholars, belonged to Giovanni Pico della Mirandola. It is a manuscript of the Destructio destructionum, translated into Latin in 1328 by Calonymos ben Calonymos ben Meir of Arles for Robert of Anjou, and extensively annotated by Pico. The manuscript differs from Nifos' edition in that it also includes the second part of the Destructio destructionum with the until-now unpublished disputations on the natural sciences.

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Le Kitāb al-kašf ʿan manāhiǧ al-adilla d'Averroès: Les Phases de la rédaction dans les discours sur l'existence de dieu et sur la direction, d'après l'original arabe et la traduction hébraïque, 2015
By: Silvia Di Donato
Title Le Kitāb al-kašf ʿan manāhiǧ al-adilla d'Averroès: Les Phases de la rédaction dans les discours sur l'existence de dieu et sur la direction, d'après l'original arabe et la traduction hébraïque
Type Article
Language French
Date 2015
Journal Arabic Sciences and Philosopy
Volume 25
Issue 1
Pages 105–133
Categories Theology, Transmission
Author(s) Silvia Di Donato
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
The extant manuscript tradition of the Kitāb al-Kašf provides evidences of three phases of redaction and revision of the treatise. This study aims to illustrate the relations between the two Arabic versions and the anonymous fourteenth century Hebrew translation, taking into account the additions and modifications that differentiate them. I conclude that the Hebrew translation represents an intermediate stage of reworking, attesting important additions to the text as well as philosophical changes, especially in arguments concerning the creation of the world at the beginning of the treatise. However, it precedes the next revision phase of the text, which leaded to the modifications of the last Arabic version, in the chapters dealing with the thorny questions of divine corporeality and direction. The analysis of additions and arguments in the matter of content, context and reasoning helps to understand the redaction phases' history and the way the treatise was transmitted.

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Les translittérations dans la version latine du Commentaire moyen à l’Éthique à Nicomaque d’Averroès, 2014
By: Frédérique Woerther
Title Les translittérations dans la version latine du Commentaire moyen à l’Éthique à Nicomaque d’Averroès
Type Article
Language French
Date 2014
Journal Bulletin de Philosophie médiévale
Volume 56
Pages 61–89
Categories Commentary, Aristotle, Nicomachean ethics, Transmission
Author(s) Frédérique Woerther
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
The present discussion derives from a larger research project that concerns the medieval Latin translation of Averroes’ Middle Commentary on the Nicomachean Ethics. The translation was carried out by Hermann the German in Toledo in 1240. I am concerned here specifically with nine passages that are distributed over three chapters of the Commentary (II.7; IV.1-3) in which the Latin translation is sprinkled with transliterations based on Greek and Arabic terms. These transliterations, which are not glosses, can be understood on several levels, and these, in turn, raise questions about the boundary between transliteration proper and translation that borrows from the source language a term which is then integrated into the Latin lexicon in the form of a calque or ‘loan translation’. Examining these transliterations makes it possible, first, to show that the translator does not follow a uniform method throughout the text, which could imply the existence of several translators or several collaborators with distinct and exclusive areas of expertise, and second, to advance the hypothesis that a Greek copy of the Nicomachean Ethics was available at the time the translation was being executed in 1240. Finally, the discussion of transliterations makes it possible to confirm certain emendations proposed by Ullman in the Arabic edition of the Nicomachean Ethics published by Akasoy and Fidora, as well as to suggest a primary classification of the surviving manuscripts of the Latin version of the Middle Commentary on the Nicomachean Ethics.

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The Poetics from Athens to al-Andalus: Ibn Rushd’s Grounds for Comparison, 2014
By: Rebecca Gould
Title The Poetics from Athens to al-Andalus: Ibn Rushd’s Grounds for Comparison
Type Article
Language English
Date 2014
Journal Modern Philology
Volume 112
Issue 1
Pages 1-24
Categories Aristotle, Commentary, Poetics, Transmission
Author(s) Rebecca Gould
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Traduttori di Averroè e traduzioni ebraico-latine nel dibattito filosofico del XV e XVI secolo, 2013
By: Silvia Di Donato
Title Traduttori di Averroè e traduzioni ebraico-latine nel dibattito filosofico del XV e XVI secolo
Type Article
Language Italian
Date 2013
Journal L'averrismo in età moderna (1400–1700)
Pages 25–49
Categories Transmission
Author(s) Silvia Di Donato
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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(Re)traduction et restitution du texte d’Ibn Rushd dans sa langue d’origine: Commentaire de la République de Platon, 2013
By: Abdennour Benantar
Title (Re)traduction et restitution du texte d’Ibn Rushd dans sa langue d’origine: Commentaire de la République de Platon
Type Article
Language French
Date 2013
Journal Noesis
Volume 21
Pages 163–186
Categories Politics, Transmission
Author(s) Abdennour Benantar
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
The article analyses the problematics of retranslation and restitution of Ibn Rushd’s Commentary of Plato’s Republic, in its original language, Arabic. Being at the confluents of politics and philosophy, this book is a real political treatise. The manuscript, probably lost during the time of Ibn Rushd’s disgrace, has reached us through its Hebrew translation by Samuel Ben Juda. Ahmed Chahlane and Mohamed A. al-Jabri have tried hard to return the manuscript from Hebrew into its original language. After determining the context in which Ibn Rushd’s book was written and its consequences for the author, the article analyses the problematics of (re)translation in the absence of the original (manuscript) and particularly the task of restitution conducted by Chahlane and al-Jabri. The focus is on their methodology of restitution and on the annotations made by Chahlane to the Hebrew and English translations from Hebrew by Rosenthal and Lerner, in which mistakes and approximations are numerous. The article shows how Chahlane and al-Jabri have considered the text in its original perspective and given back its frame using the work of Ibn Rushd himself and the Arab-Islamic philosophical corpus.

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Storie di ricezione: Tolomeo, Avicenna e Averroè nel Medioevo arabo, ebraico e latino, 2013
By: Marienza Benedetto
Title Storie di ricezione: Tolomeo, Avicenna e Averroè nel Medioevo arabo, ebraico e latino
Type Article
Language Italian
Date 2013
Journal Quaestio
Volume 13
Pages 323–336
Categories Avicenna, Influence, Transmission
Author(s) Marienza Benedetto
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
The recent (re-)publication of volumes about Avicenna allows us to revisit his central position in the history of philosophy and his overwhelming influence in Arabic, Jewish and Latin cultures: even those who disagreed with Avicenna often developed their standpoint in confrontation with him. Equally significant and deep was Averroes’ impact on the philosophical tradition: the Quaestio de anima intellectiva by Thomas Wylton is a good example in this sense, presenting one the most original reading of Averroes’ noetic in the 14th century.

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Ibn Rushd in the Safavid Iran: “En Orient, après Averroès … ” Revisited, 2023
By: Fouad Ben Ahmed
Title Ibn Rushd in the Safavid Iran: “En Orient, après Averroès … ” Revisited
Type Article
Language English
Date 2023
Journal Intellectual history of the Islamicate world
Pages 1-29
Categories Transmission, Tradition and Reception
Author(s) Fouad Ben Ahmed
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
Tracing the possible ways in which the thought of Ibn Rushd (Averroes, d. 595/1198) was transmitted within Muslim contexts can be such a “frustrating” and “depressing” task that it may have contributed to the near absence of his name in the lists of influential philosophers of Islam in the eastern part of the Islamic world. This article, through the consultation of original texts and manuscripts sets out to throw some light on this seeming absence. It offers a revision of Henry Corbin’s famous assertion about Ibn Rushd’s fate in the East by addressing the various receptions of Ibn Rushd’s texts in North Africa, Egypt, and the Levant, examining available manuscript catalogs of Ibn Rushd’s writings in Iran, and analyzing an important work by ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Lāhījī (d. 1072/1661–1662), one of the most famous philosophers of the 17th century.

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(Re)traduction et restitution du texte d’Ibn Rushd dans sa langue d’origine: Commentaire de la République de Platon, 2013
By: Abdennour Benantar
Title (Re)traduction et restitution du texte d’Ibn Rushd dans sa langue d’origine: Commentaire de la République de Platon
Type Article
Language French
Date 2013
Journal Noesis
Volume 21
Pages 163–186
Categories Politics, Transmission
Author(s) Abdennour Benantar
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
The article analyses the problematics of retranslation and restitution of Ibn Rushd’s Commentary of Plato’s Republic, in its original language, Arabic. Being at the confluents of politics and philosophy, this book is a real political treatise. The manuscript, probably lost during the time of Ibn Rushd’s disgrace, has reached us through its Hebrew translation by Samuel Ben Juda. Ahmed Chahlane and Mohamed A. al-Jabri have tried hard to return the manuscript from Hebrew into its original language. After determining the context in which Ibn Rushd’s book was written and its consequences for the author, the article analyses the problematics of (re)translation in the absence of the original (manuscript) and particularly the task of restitution conducted by Chahlane and al-Jabri. The focus is on their methodology of restitution and on the annotations made by Chahlane to the Hebrew and English translations from Hebrew by Rosenthal and Lerner, in which mistakes and approximations are numerous. The article shows how Chahlane and al-Jabri have considered the text in its original perspective and given back its frame using the work of Ibn Rushd himself and the Arab-Islamic philosophical corpus.

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A propos des lexiques d'une édition de l'Averroes latinus, 1988
By: Roland Hissette
Title A propos des lexiques d'une édition de l'Averroes latinus
Type Article
Language French
Date 1988
Journal Recherches de théologie ancienne et médiévale
Volume 55
Pages 220–239
Categories Transmission, Latin Averroism
Author(s) Roland Hissette
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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A unique Averroes MS in the British Museum, 1982
By: Steven Harvey
Title A unique Averroes MS in the British Museum
Type Article
Language English
Date 1982
Journal Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies
Volume 45
Pages 571–574
Categories Transmission
Author(s) Steven Harvey
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
The fifth and last entry in British Museum MS Add. Or. 9061 (ff. 145b–154a) is described in the catalogue of Arabic MSS in the British Museum as Averroes's ‘synopsis contentorum’ of the eight books of Aristotle's Physics. This text appears as an unlikely addition to the rest of the MS, which contains the Gospels according to Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John in Arabic translation. The text, written in Maghrebi hand, is neat and pointed, and is marred only by a few small blotches. It was edited and translated into English by M. Saghir Hasan al-Masumi in 1956 in the Dacca University Studies under the title, ‘Ibn Rushd's Synopsis of Aristotle's Physics’.

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Averroes' Search Today: Beit al-Hikmah and Translation in Morocco, 1994
By: Mustapha Kamal
Title Averroes' Search Today: Beit al-Hikmah and Translation in Morocco
Type Article
Language English
Date 1994
Journal Qui Parle
Volume 7
Issue 2
Pages 80-109
Categories Transmission, Tradition and Reception
Author(s) Mustapha Kamal
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Averrois ou mystice plutôt qu'Averroys ou mistice?. A propos des graphies dans les éditions des textes scolastiques latins, 1998
By: Roland Hissette
Title Averrois ou mystice plutôt qu'Averroys ou mistice?. A propos des graphies dans les éditions des textes scolastiques latins
Type Article
Language French
Date 1998
Journal Bulletin de philosophie médiévale
Volume 40
Pages 77–90
Categories Transmission, Latin Averroism
Author(s) Roland Hissette
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"1008","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1008,"authors_free":[{"id":1180,"entry_id":1008,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":789,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Roland Hissette","free_first_name":"Roland","free_last_name":"Hissette","norm_person":{"id":789,"first_name":"Roland","last_name":"Hissette","full_name":"Roland Hissette","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/151152527","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/44447915","db_url":"https:\/\/www.deutsche-biographie.de\/pnd151152527.html","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Roland Hissette"}}],"entry_title":"Averrois ou mystice plut\u00f4t qu'Averroys ou mistice?. A propos des graphies dans les \u00e9ditions des textes scolastiques latins","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Averrois ou mystice plut\u00f4t qu'Averroys ou mistice?. A propos des graphies dans les \u00e9ditions des textes scolastiques latins"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"1998","language":"French","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":40,"category_name":"Transmission","link":"bib?categories[]=Transmission"},{"id":7,"category_name":"Latin Averroism","link":"bib?categories[]=Latin Averroism"}],"authors":[{"id":789,"full_name":"Roland Hissette","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":1008,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Bulletin de philosophie m\u00e9di\u00e9vale","volume":"40","issue":null,"pages":"77\u201390"}},"sort":["Averrois ou mystice plut\u00f4t qu'Averroys ou mistice?. A propos des graphies dans les \u00e9ditions des textes scolastiques latins"]}

Boèce, Averroès et Abū al-Barakāt al-Baġdādī. Témoins des écrits de Thémistius sur les Topiques d'Aristote, 2007
By: Ahmad Hasnawi
Title Boèce, Averroès et Abū al-Barakāt al-Baġdādī. Témoins des écrits de Thémistius sur les Topiques d'Aristote
Type Article
Language French
Date 2007
Journal Arabic Sciences and Philosophy
Volume 17
Issue 2
Pages 203–265
Categories Transmission, Commentary, Themistius, Logic, Aristotle
Author(s) Ahmad Hasnawi
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
Aristotle's Topics, and especially, as far as the subject of this study is concerned, their central books (II-VII), played a role of central importance both in the medieval Latin and in the Arabic logical tradition. This did not occur without transformations, which affected the nature and the function of the loci of which these books set forth the theory. One of the most visible signposts of this tradition of re-elaboration of the Topics is represented by Themistius (ob. c. 388), to whom both Boethius and Averroes refer. Yet no work by Themistius on the Topics has come down to us in Greek. With a view to reconstructing the work(s) of this author, we have here collected and translated the passages that are attributed to him explicitly (with the exception of one of them) in Averroes' Middle Commentary on the Topics, comparing them, where necessary, to the testimonies collected by Boethius in his De topicis differentiis. In addition - and this is a new element added to the file - we show that the Themistian classification of loci was taken up by Abū al-Barakāt al-Baġdādī (ob. after 1164), author of a philosophical summa entitled al-Kitāb al-muʿtabar (The meditated book). These three testimonies are all the more precious in that they are independent of one another. The study of the chapter in the logical part of al-Kitāb al-muʿtabar, containing the Themistian classification of loci, of which a corrected text with translation is offered, shows that one finds in it some of the most singular aspects of this classification, as it appears in Boethius. Abū al-Barakāt al-Baġdādī thus reveals himself to be closer than Averroes to the testimony of Boethius. This suggests the idea of a double redaction by Themistius of the classification of loci: one, more concentrated, comes from an introduction to the paraphrase of the central books of the Topics, which may have inspired Averroes; the other, more extensive, which will have been part of an original work, and inspired the classifications of Boethius and of Abū al-Barakāt al-Baġdādī.

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Community of Ideas among the Great Faiths through the Ages, 1945
By: Herman Hailperin
Title Community of Ideas among the Great Faiths through the Ages
Type Article
Language English
Date 1945
Journal College English
Volume 6
Issue 7
Pages 368-375
Categories Surveys, Tradition and Reception, Influence, Transmission
Author(s) Herman Hailperin
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Damnatio memoriae: On Deleting the East from Western History, 2020
By: Koert Debeuf
Title Damnatio memoriae: On Deleting the East from Western History
Type Article
Language English
Date 2020
Journal New England Journal of Public Policy
Volume 32
Issue 2
Pages 1-12
Categories Renaissance, Transmission, Tradition and Reception
Author(s) Koert Debeuf
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
The story we read in books about the Renaissance tells us that Petrarch and Poggio rediscovered the books of antiquity that had been copied for centuries in medieval abbeys. The re-introduction of Greek science and philosophy, however, began in the twelfth century but occurred mainly in the thirteenth century. These works were first translated into Syriac and Arabic in the eighth and ninth centuries and stored in the House of Wisdom in Baghdad. There they were read, used, and commented on by Arab philosophers, of whom the most famous was Averroes (1126-1198), who lived in Cordoba. The translation of his commentaries on Aristotle changed the European philosophical scene profoundly. Averroes, who also had a philosophy of his own, had followers in Latin Europe until the sixteenth century. His work was well-known and he appeared in histories of philosophy until the middle of the nineteenth century, when the Arabs were pushed out of the history books. One reason was the invention of the concept of the Renaissance.

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De Averroës-Latinus Editie, 1950
By: Clemens Vansteenkiste
Title De Averroës-Latinus Editie
Type Article
Language Dutch
Date 1950
Journal Tijdschrift voor Philosophie
Volume 12de Jaarg.
Issue 3 (AUGUSTUS 1950)
Pages 531-548
Categories Tradition and Reception, Transmission
Author(s) Clemens Vansteenkiste
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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