| Title | Ibn Miskawayh, Ibn Rushd, and Al-Fārābī |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2023 |
| Published in | Foundations of Islāmic Psychology. From Classical Scholars to Contemporary Thinkers |
| Pages | 48-55 |
| Categories | al-Fārābī, Psychology |
| Author(s) | G. Hussein Rassool , Mugheera M. Luqman |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| In this particular chapter, three physicians Ibn Miskawayh, Ibn Rushd, and Al-Fārābī, who made some contributions, directly and indirectly, to the development of psychology, are presented. Ibn Miskawayh can be regarded as one of the earliest positive, educational, cognitive psychologists for his treatise on Tahdhīb al-Akhlāq. In positive psychology, he showed how to reach supreme happiness and its virtues. To reach such state, psychological conditions and environmental factors can shape the supreme happiness of human being. The development of a theory of psychotherapy has also been attributed to Ibn Miskawayh and introduced what is now known as "self-reinforcement" and response cost. Ibn Rushd's views on psychology are most fully discussed in his Talkhis Kitab al-Nafs as it "surpasses other sciences, except for divine science." Ibn Rushd described three-fold hierarchy of learning. Ibn Rushd argued that we experience health and illness, and that religious texts contain important information as to how we should behave. What is remarkable with Ibn Rushd is that he examined critically diverse views and argued that all these views are acceptable from different perspectives. Al Fārābī in his Ārāʾ Ahl al-Madīnah al-Fāḍilah describes several principles of social psychology using invented exemplars. Al-Fārābī suggested that the perfect human being has both theoretical virtue and practical moral virtues. At the heart of Al-Farabi's political philosophy is the concept of happiness in which people cooperate to gain contentment. Al-Fārābī used observable realities and experimentation based on clear evidence even though relied on scriptural sources for his intellectual discourse. Al-Fārābī wrote on dreams and explained the distinction between dream Interpretation and the nature and trigger of dreams. His writings on the therapeutic effect of music on the soul later influenced modern mental health and treatment. |
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The development of a theory of psychotherapy has also been attributed to Ibn Miskawayh and introduced what is now known as \"self-reinforcement\" and response cost. Ibn Rushd's views on psychology are most fully discussed in his Talkhis Kitab al-Nafs as it \"surpasses other sciences, except for divine science.\" Ibn Rushd described three-fold hierarchy of learning. Ibn Rushd argued that we experience health and illness, and that religious texts contain important information as to how we should behave. What is remarkable with Ibn Rushd is that he examined critically diverse views and argued that all these views are acceptable from different perspectives. Al F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b in his \u0100r\u0101\u02be Ahl al-Mad\u012bnah al-F\u0101\u1e0dilah describes several principles of social psychology using invented exemplars. Al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b suggested that the perfect human being has both theoretical virtue and practical moral virtues. 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| Title | Ibn Miskawayh, Ibn Rushd, and Al-Fārābī |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2023 |
| Published in | Foundations of Islāmic Psychology. From Classical Scholars to Contemporary Thinkers |
| Pages | 48-55 |
| Categories | al-Fārābī, Psychology |
| Author(s) | G. Hussein Rassool , Mugheera M. Luqman |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| In this particular chapter, three physicians Ibn Miskawayh, Ibn Rushd, and Al-Fārābī, who made some contributions, directly and indirectly, to the development of psychology, are presented. Ibn Miskawayh can be regarded as one of the earliest positive, educational, cognitive psychologists for his treatise on Tahdhīb al-Akhlāq. In positive psychology, he showed how to reach supreme happiness and its virtues. To reach such state, psychological conditions and environmental factors can shape the supreme happiness of human being. The development of a theory of psychotherapy has also been attributed to Ibn Miskawayh and introduced what is now known as "self-reinforcement" and response cost. Ibn Rushd's views on psychology are most fully discussed in his Talkhis Kitab al-Nafs as it "surpasses other sciences, except for divine science." Ibn Rushd described three-fold hierarchy of learning. Ibn Rushd argued that we experience health and illness, and that religious texts contain important information as to how we should behave. What is remarkable with Ibn Rushd is that he examined critically diverse views and argued that all these views are acceptable from different perspectives. Al Fārābī in his Ārāʾ Ahl al-Madīnah al-Fāḍilah describes several principles of social psychology using invented exemplars. Al-Fārābī suggested that the perfect human being has both theoretical virtue and practical moral virtues. At the heart of Al-Farabi's political philosophy is the concept of happiness in which people cooperate to gain contentment. Al-Fārābī used observable realities and experimentation based on clear evidence even though relied on scriptural sources for his intellectual discourse. Al-Fārābī wrote on dreams and explained the distinction between dream Interpretation and the nature and trigger of dreams. His writings on the therapeutic effect of music on the soul later influenced modern mental health and treatment. |
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