| Title | Warrior Women in Ibn Rushd’s Commentary on Plato’s Republic: Mythico-Barbarian Geography in the Case for Female Guardians, an Unsolved Passage |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2022 |
| Journal | Al Masaq: Islam and the Medieval Mediterranean |
| Volume | 34 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 314-335 |
| Categories | Commentary, Plato, Politics |
| Author(s) | Tineke Melkebeek |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| In his commentary on Plato’s Republic, Ibn Rushd (Averroes) discusses the case for female guardians. Besides following Socrates’s argument for female warriors, which cites the efficiency of female guard dogs, Ibn Rushd introduces an additional argument: that the female capacity for warfare is evident from the inhabitants of certain regions. Unfortunately, the precise formulation of the regions or groups he intends to mention is obscure in the existing manuscripts. Rosenthal translates “the inhabitants of deserts and frontier villages”, Lerner’s translation says “the inhabitants of deserts and the City of Women”. This article aims to analyse these and other translations of this enigmatic passage, which has not yet been the subject of study. Concerning the second region mentioned, it seems that Ibn Rushd could be indicating Northern Spain, but he might also have been alluding to the legendary places at the coldest margins of the then-known world. |
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| Title | Imposing Alfarabi on Plato: Averroes’s Novel Placement of the Platonic City |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2022 |
| Published in | Plato's Republic in the Islamic Context. New Perspectives on Averroes's Commentary |
| Pages | 19–39 |
| Categories | al-Fārābī, Galen, Aristotle, Plato, Politics, Commentary |
| Author(s) | Alexander Orwin |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Averroes's Commentary on Plato's “Republic” goes far beyond merely commenting on the original. With the benefit of 1,500 years of hindsight, it reckons with important works of philosophy that would have been completely unknown to Plato. Averroes mentions three authors of such works by name: Galen, whom he mostly rebukes, Aristotle, and Alfarabi. It would be hasty to assert that by including such extraneous material, Averroes departs from Plato, but, at the very least, he updates him on account of historical developments. The importance of Averroes's post-Platonic additions is evident from the very structure of the work. The part of it that can plausibly claim to be a commentary on Plato does not begin until 27.24, almost seven pages into Rosenthal's Hebrew text. Averroes begins to address the subject of war, corresponding to Republic 374b, having skipped all of book 1 and the majority of book 2, with only two brief references to them in the opening section (CR 22.27–30, 23.31–33, cf. 47.29–30and 105.25–27). Averroes does not justify his omission until the very end of the work, when he states that the opening part of the Republic does not contain any of the demonstrative arguments of which his commentary is comprised (CR 105.25–27, cf. 21.4). He is more immediately forthright about the reasons for what he includes in its place. In keeping with the demonstrative focus of the work, Averroes replaces Platonic dialectic with a substantial discussion of science. Having divided practical science into two parts, one about general habits and actions and another about their implementation, Averroes explains: “Before we begin a point-by-point explanation of what is in these arguments [of Plato], we ought to mention the things pertinent to this [second] part [of practical science] and explained in the first part, that serve as foundation for what we wish to say here at the beginning” (CR 22.6–8). Averroes's introduction concerns above all the first part of political science, while the Republic proper contains only the second. Averroes attributes to Plato only a small part of the ensuing discussion, concerning justice, the division of labor, and the arrangement of the soul (CR 22.22–24.6, esp. 22.27, 23.31). The other passages are inspired by Aristotle and especially Alfarabi. Averroes appears to substitute scientific arguments from Aristotle and Alfarabi—mainly about science, philosophy, courage, and war—for Plato's dialectical introduction about justice and the founding of the just city. |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5347","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5347,"authors_free":[{"id":6197,"entry_id":5347,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1790,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Alexander Orwin","free_first_name":"Alexander","free_last_name":"Orwin","norm_person":{"id":1790,"first_name":" Alexander","last_name":" Orwin","full_name":" Alexander Orwin","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/1153328348","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null,"link":"bib?authors[]= Alexander Orwin"}}],"entry_title":"Imposing Alfarabi on Plato: Averroes\u2019s Novel Placement of the Platonic City","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Imposing Alfarabi on Plato: Averroes\u2019s Novel Placement of the Platonic City"},"abstract":"Averroes's Commentary on Plato's \u201cRepublic\u201d goes far beyond merely commenting on the original. With the benefit of 1,500 years of hindsight, it reckons with important works of philosophy that would have been completely unknown to Plato. Averroes mentions three authors of such works by name: Galen, whom he mostly rebukes, Aristotle, and Alfarabi. It would be hasty to assert that by including such extraneous material, Averroes departs from Plato, but, at the very least, he updates him on account of historical developments.\r\n\r\nThe importance of Averroes's post-Platonic additions is evident from the very structure of the work. The part of it that can plausibly claim to be a commentary on Plato does not begin until 27.24, almost seven pages into Rosenthal's Hebrew text. Averroes begins to address the subject of war, corresponding to Republic 374b, having skipped all of book 1 and the majority of book 2, with only two brief references to them in the opening section (CR 22.27\u201330, 23.31\u201333, cf. 47.29\u201330and 105.25\u201327). Averroes does not justify his omission until the very end of the work, when he states that the opening part of the Republic does not contain any of the demonstrative arguments of which his commentary is comprised (CR 105.25\u201327, cf. 21.4). He is more immediately forthright about the reasons for what he includes in its place. In keeping with the demonstrative focus of the work, Averroes replaces Platonic dialectic with a substantial discussion of science. Having divided practical science into two parts, one about general habits and actions and another about their implementation, Averroes explains: \u201cBefore we begin a point-by-point explanation of what is in these arguments [of Plato], we ought to mention the things pertinent to this [second] part [of practical science] and explained in the first part, that serve as foundation for what we wish to say here at the beginning\u201d (CR 22.6\u20138). Averroes's introduction concerns above all the first part of political science, while the Republic proper contains only the second. Averroes attributes to Plato only a small part of the ensuing discussion, concerning justice, the division of labor, and the arrangement of the soul (CR 22.22\u201324.6, esp. 22.27, 23.31). The other passages are inspired by Aristotle and especially Alfarabi. Averroes appears to substitute scientific arguments from Aristotle and Alfarabi\u2014mainly about science, philosophy, courage, and war\u2014for Plato's dialectical introduction about justice and the founding of the just city.","btype":2,"date":"2022","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/9781800104983.002","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":28,"category_name":"al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b","link":"bib?categories[]=al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b"},{"id":30,"category_name":"Galen","link":"bib?categories[]=Galen"},{"id":21,"category_name":"Aristotle","link":"bib?categories[]=Aristotle"},{"id":20,"category_name":"Plato","link":"bib?categories[]=Plato"},{"id":4,"category_name":"Politics","link":"bib?categories[]=Politics"},{"id":23,"category_name":"Commentary","link":"bib?categories[]=Commentary"}],"authors":[{"id":1790,"full_name":" Alexander Orwin","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":{"id":5347,"section_of":5346,"pages":"19\u201339","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":5346,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":4,"language":"en","title":"Plato's Republic in the Islamic Context. New Perspectives on Averroes's Commentary","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"2022","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"","republication_of":0,"online_url":"","online_resources":null,"translation_of":"0","new_edition_of":"0","is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"ti_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/9781800104983","book":{"id":5346,"pubplace":"","publisher":" Boydell & Brewer","series":"","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null},"persons":[{"id":6196,"entry_id":5346,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":" Alexander Orwin","free_first_name":" Alexander","free_last_name":" Orwin","norm_person":null}]}},"article":null},"sort":[2022]}
| Title | The medieval Islamic commentary on Plato’s republic: Ibn Rushd’s perspective on the position and potential of women |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2021 |
| Journal | Islamology |
| Volume | 11 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 9-23 |
| Categories | Commentary, Plato, Politics, Tradition and Reception |
| Author(s) | Tineke Melkebeek |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| This paper investigates the twelfth-century commentary on Plato’s Republic by the Andalusian Muslim philosopher Ibn Rushd (Averroes). Ibn Rushd is considered to be the only Muslim philosopher who commented on the Republic. Written around 375 BC, Plato’s Republic discusses the order and character of a just city-state and contains revolutionary ideas on the position and qualities of women, which remained contested also in Ibn Rushd’s time. This Muslim philosopher is primarily known as the most esteemed commentator of Aristotle. However, for the lack of an Arabic translation of Aristotle’s Politics, Ibn Rushd commented on the political theory of Aristotle’s teacher, i.e. Plato’s Republic, instead. In his commentary, Ibn Rushd juxtaposes examples from Plato’s context and those from contemporary Muslim societies. Notably, when he diverges from the text, he does not drift off toward more patriarchal, Aristotelian interpretations. On the contrary, he argues that women are capable of being rulers and philosophers, that their true competencies remain unknown as long as they are deprived of education, and that this situation is detrimental to the flourishing of the city. This article aims to critically analyse Ibn Rushd’s statements on the position of women, as well as their reception in scholarly literature. |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5808","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5808,"authors_free":[{"id":6729,"entry_id":5808,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":903,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Tineke Melkebeek","free_first_name":"Tineke ","free_last_name":"Melkebeek","norm_person":{"id":903,"first_name":"","last_name":"","full_name":"","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]="}}],"entry_title":"The medieval Islamic commentary on Plato\u2019s republic: Ibn Rushd\u2019s perspective on the position and potential of women","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"The medieval Islamic commentary on Plato\u2019s republic: Ibn Rushd\u2019s perspective on the position and potential of women"},"abstract":"This paper investigates the twelfth-century commentary on Plato\u2019s Republic by the Andalusian Muslim philosopher Ibn Rushd (Averroes). Ibn Rushd is considered to be the only Muslim philosopher who commented on the Republic. Written around 375 BC, Plato\u2019s Republic discusses the order and character of a just city-state and contains revolutionary ideas on the position and qualities of women, which remained contested also in Ibn Rushd\u2019s time. This Muslim philosopher is primarily known as the most esteemed commentator of Aristotle. However, for the lack of an Arabic translation of Aristotle\u2019s Politics, Ibn Rushd commented on the political theory of Aristotle\u2019s teacher, i.e. Plato\u2019s Republic, instead. In his commentary, Ibn Rushd juxtaposes examples from Plato\u2019s context and those from contemporary Muslim societies. Notably, when he diverges from the text, he does not drift off toward more patriarchal, Aristotelian interpretations. On the contrary, he argues that women are capable of being rulers and philosophers, that their true competencies remain unknown as long as they are deprived of education, and that this situation is detrimental to the flourishing of the city. This article aims to critically analyse Ibn Rushd\u2019s statements on the position of women, as well as their reception in scholarly literature. ","btype":3,"date":"2021","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"10.24848\/islmlg.11.1.02","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":23,"category_name":"Commentary","link":"bib?categories[]=Commentary"},{"id":20,"category_name":"Plato","link":"bib?categories[]=Plato"},{"id":4,"category_name":"Politics","link":"bib?categories[]=Politics"},{"id":43,"category_name":"Tradition and Reception","link":"bib?categories[]=Tradition and Reception"}],"authors":[{"id":903,"full_name":"","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5808,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":" Islamology","volume":"11","issue":"1","pages":"9-23"}},"sort":[2021]}
| Title | Multitude et bene esse chez Averroès et Dante. Retour sur la Monarchie I,3 |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | French |
| Date | 2019 |
| Published in | Dante et l’averroïsme |
| Pages | 357–383 |
| Categories | Metaphysics, De anima, Politics, Aristotle, Commentary |
| Author(s) | Jean-Baptiste Brenet |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Access | https://books.openedition.org/lesbelleslettres/472 |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5081","_score":null,"_ignored":["booksection.book.abstract.keyword"],"_source":{"id":5081,"authors_free":[{"id":5844,"entry_id":5081,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":622,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Jean-Baptiste Brenet","free_first_name":"Jean-Baptiste","free_last_name":"Brenet","norm_person":{"id":622,"first_name":"Jean-Baptiste","last_name":"Brenet","full_name":"Jean-Baptiste Brenet","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1051778867","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/27224973","db_url":"NULL","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Jean-Baptiste Brenet"}}],"entry_title":"Multitude et bene esse chez Averro\u00e8s et Dante. Retour sur la Monarchie I,3","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Multitude et bene esse chez Averro\u00e8s et Dante. Retour sur la Monarchie I,3"},"abstract":"","btype":2,"date":"2019","language":"French","online_url":"https:\/\/books.openedition.org\/lesbelleslettres\/472","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":31,"category_name":"Metaphysics","link":"bib?categories[]=Metaphysics"},{"id":46,"category_name":"De anima","link":"bib?categories[]=De anima"},{"id":4,"category_name":"Politics","link":"bib?categories[]=Politics"},{"id":21,"category_name":"Aristotle","link":"bib?categories[]=Aristotle"},{"id":23,"category_name":"Commentary","link":"bib?categories[]=Commentary"}],"authors":[{"id":622,"full_name":"Jean-Baptiste Brenet","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":{"id":5081,"section_of":5080,"pages":"357\u2013383 ","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":5080,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":4,"language":"no language selected","title":"Dante et l\u2019averro\u00efsme","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"Dante averro\u00efste ? Le plus grand po\u00e8te du Moyen \u00c2ge fut-il le disciple du plus grand philosophe arabe ? La Divine Com\u00e9die place Averro\u00e8s, l\u2019auteur du \u00ab Grand commentaire \u00bb d\u2019Aristote, en Enfer, et en Paradis son disciple latin Siger de Brabant qui, dans l\u2019actuelle \u00ab rue du Fouarre \u00bb \u00e0 Paris, mettait en syllogismes \u00ab des v\u00e9rit\u00e9s importunes \u00bb. Jugement de Salomon ?\r\n\r\nCe volume collectif traite en d\u00e9tail l\u2019un des chapitres les plus controvers\u00e9s de l\u2019histoire comme de l\u2019historiographie de la philosophie et de la th\u00e9ologie m\u00e9di\u00e9vales. Revisitant les textes philosophiques et po\u00e9tiques de Dante, de la Vita nova au Convivio, au De vulgari eloquentia et \u00e0 la Monarchia, examinant les productions et les th\u00e8ses de ses contemporains, interlocuteurs, amis et adversaires, m\u00e9decins, philosophes et po\u00e8tes, rappelant et discutant les th\u00e8ses de ses lecteurs anciens et modernes, les meilleurs sp\u00e9cialistes des domaines concern\u00e9s, philosophes et italianistes, dressent le bilan de deux si\u00e8cles d\u2019\u00e9tudes sur Dante, mais aussi sur Cavalcanti et sur l\u2019averro\u00efsme latin.\r\n\r\nSuivant trois grands axes, le langage et la pens\u00e9e, les \u00e9motions, la politique, c\u2019est au coeur de l\u2019histoire et de la culture europ\u00e9ennes, \u00e0 Paris, \u00e0 Florence, sur les routes de l\u2019exil, que les contributions ici rassembl\u00e9es plongeront lectrices et lecteurs amoureux de Dante, de l\u2019Italie et de la litt\u00e9rature.","republication_of":0,"online_url":"","online_resources":null,"translation_of":"0","new_edition_of":"0","is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"ti_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4000\/books.lesbelleslettres.372","book":{"id":5080,"pubplace":"Paris","publisher":"Les Belles Lettres & Coll\u00e8ge de France","series":"Docet omina ","volume":"5","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":[2019]}
| Title | The Contention between Secular and Revealed Law: Analyzing Ibn Rushd’s Solution to the Problem of the “Virtuous Society” |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2019 |
| Journal | Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies |
| Volume | 4 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 43–65 |
| Categories | Politics, Law, Commentary, Plato |
| Author(s) | Jaan S. Islam |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| This article is an analysis of the political thought of Ibn Rushd and its significance for the current conflict in Islamic political thought between liberal, secular and conservative Islamist thinkers over the meaning of the “virtuous society” and how it can be implemented. It is argued that the thought of Ibn Rushd offers a concept of the virtuous society that reconciles secular law and religious Sharī‘a law. The article analyzes Ibn Rushd’s Commentary on Plato’s Republic, and assesses it as potentially being able to reconcile the philosophical conflict between logically discerned law and revealed law. It is contended that the separation between “religious” and “political” (i.e., philosophical) domains often attributed to Ibn Rushd does not fully consider the entirety of Ibn Rushd’s writings and interprets his works without regard for their historical and religious contextual significance. |
| Online Access | https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2979/jims.4.1.02 |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.2979/jims.4.1.02 |
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| Title | Averroes’ Goals in the Paraphrase (Middle Commentary) of Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2019 |
| Published in | Interpreting Averroes. Critical Essays |
| Pages | 218–236 |
| Categories | Commentary, Nicomachean ethics, Politics |
| Author(s) | Frédérique Woerther |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| A study of Averroes' paraphrase commentary on the Nicomachean Ethics, which is preserved only in Hebrew and Latin. Averroes here explores the relationship between ethics and political philosophy and identifies a theoretical strand within ethics, in order to show that practical philosophy is a proper science. |
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| Title | Averroes's Aesthetics. The Pleasure of Philosophy and the Pleasure of Poetry |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2015 |
| Journal | Quaestio |
| Volume | 15 |
| Pages | 287–296 |
| Categories | Aristotle, Poetics, Commentary, Logic, Politics |
| Author(s) | Francesca Forte |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| The theme of the pleasure of knowledge is central in Averroes’ aesthetical reflection of Aristotle’s Poetics, regardless whether we side with the logical or with the moral interpretation. The first one stresses the continuity between Averroes and previous commentators in his attempt to reconstruct the Poetics as an integral part of the Logic itself, whereby poetic discourse is conceived as a form of reasoning based on syllogisms. According to the latter perspective, however, pleasure is central in that poetry is a tool towards the pursuit of happiness: in this perspective it is necessary to bear in mind some common themes present in other works by Averroes (particularly in the commentaries on the Aristotelian Organon – and especially the commentary on the Rhetoric –, in the commentaries on Plato’s Republic, and, last but not least, in the Decisive Treatise). The pleasure of contemplative knowledge must go hand in hand with the pursuit of communal happiness and therefore with the good and proper order of community and society. Poetry represents a central tool towards this aim in that it expresses moral truths which cannot not be communicated (to everybody) by means of logic and philosophy alone. |
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| Title | Commentario sobre a “República”. A partir da versão Latina de Elia del Medigo |
| Type | Monograph |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Date | 2015 |
| Publication Place | Sao Paulo |
| Publisher | Perspectiva |
| Categories | Plato, Politics, Commentary, Transmission |
| Author(s) | Anna Lia A. de Almeida Prado , Rosalie Helena de Souza Pereira |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Averroes’ Commentary on Plato’s Republic |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2015 |
| Published in | Political Philosophy and Philosophy of History: Proceedings of the Colloquium dedicated to Muhsin Mahdi |
| Pages | 27–42 |
| Categories | Commentary, Plato, Politics |
| Author(s) | Muhsin Mahdi |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Wisdom and Power in Averroes’ Commentary on Plato’s Republic |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2015 |
| Journal | The Maghreb Review |
| Volume | 40 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 308–318 |
| Categories | Commentary, Plato, Politics |
| Author(s) | Christopher Colmo |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Averroes on Plato's Republic |
| Type | Monograph |
| Language | English |
| Date | 1974 |
| Publication Place | Ithaca |
| Publisher | Cornell University Press |
| Series | Cornell paperbacks |
| Volume | 145 |
| Categories | Plato, Politics, Commentary |
| Author(s) | Averroes , |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) | Ralph Lerner |
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| Title | Averroes' commentary on Plato's "Republic" |
| Type | Monograph |
| Language | English |
| Date | 1969 |
| Publication Place | Cambridge |
| Publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| Categories | Commentary, Plato, Politics |
| Author(s) | Averroes , Erwin I. J. Rosenthal |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Averroes' commentary on Plato's Republic and the missing politics |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 1997 |
| Published in | Across the Mediterranean Frontiers. Trade, Politics and Religion, 650–1450 |
| Pages | 195-203 |
| Categories | Commentary, Plato, Politics |
| Author(s) | Oliver Leaman |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Averroes's Aesthetics. The Pleasure of Philosophy and the Pleasure of Poetry |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2015 |
| Journal | Quaestio |
| Volume | 15 |
| Pages | 287–296 |
| Categories | Aristotle, Poetics, Commentary, Logic, Politics |
| Author(s) | Francesca Forte |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| The theme of the pleasure of knowledge is central in Averroes’ aesthetical reflection of Aristotle’s Poetics, regardless whether we side with the logical or with the moral interpretation. The first one stresses the continuity between Averroes and previous commentators in his attempt to reconstruct the Poetics as an integral part of the Logic itself, whereby poetic discourse is conceived as a form of reasoning based on syllogisms. According to the latter perspective, however, pleasure is central in that poetry is a tool towards the pursuit of happiness: in this perspective it is necessary to bear in mind some common themes present in other works by Averroes (particularly in the commentaries on the Aristotelian Organon – and especially the commentary on the Rhetoric –, in the commentaries on Plato’s Republic, and, last but not least, in the Decisive Treatise). The pleasure of contemplative knowledge must go hand in hand with the pursuit of communal happiness and therefore with the good and proper order of community and society. Poetry represents a central tool towards this aim in that it expresses moral truths which cannot not be communicated (to everybody) by means of logic and philosophy alone. |
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| Title | Averroes’ Commentary on Plato’s Republic |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2015 |
| Published in | Political Philosophy and Philosophy of History: Proceedings of the Colloquium dedicated to Muhsin Mahdi |
| Pages | 27–42 |
| Categories | Commentary, Plato, Politics |
| Author(s) | Muhsin Mahdi |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Averroes’ Goals in the Paraphrase (Middle Commentary) of Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2019 |
| Published in | Interpreting Averroes. Critical Essays |
| Pages | 218–236 |
| Categories | Commentary, Nicomachean ethics, Politics |
| Author(s) | Frédérique Woerther |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| A study of Averroes' paraphrase commentary on the Nicomachean Ethics, which is preserved only in Hebrew and Latin. Averroes here explores the relationship between ethics and political philosophy and identifies a theoretical strand within ethics, in order to show that practical philosophy is a proper science. |
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| Title | Commentario sobre a “República”. A partir da versão Latina de Elia del Medigo |
| Type | Monograph |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Date | 2015 |
| Publication Place | Sao Paulo |
| Publisher | Perspectiva |
| Categories | Plato, Politics, Commentary, Transmission |
| Author(s) | Anna Lia A. de Almeida Prado , Rosalie Helena de Souza Pereira |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5206","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5206,"authors_free":[{"id":6001,"entry_id":5206,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Anna Lia A. de Almeida Prado ","free_first_name":"Anna Lia A. ","free_last_name":"de Almeida Prado ","norm_person":null},{"id":6002,"entry_id":5206,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1347,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Rosalie Helena de Souza Pereira","free_first_name":"Rosalie Helena","free_last_name":"de Souza Pereira","norm_person":{"id":1347,"first_name":"Rosalie Helena","last_name":"de Souza Pereira","full_name":"Rosalie Helena de Souza Pereira","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"","viaf_url":"http:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/121640755","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Rosalie Helena de Souza Pereira"}}],"entry_title":"Commentario sobre a \u201cRep\u00fablica\u201d. A partir da vers\u00e3o Latina de Elia del Medigo","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Commentario sobre a \u201cRep\u00fablica\u201d. A partir da vers\u00e3o Latina de Elia del Medigo"},"abstract":"","btype":1,"date":"2015","language":"Portuguese","online_url":"","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":20,"category_name":"Plato","link":"bib?categories[]=Plato"},{"id":4,"category_name":"Politics","link":"bib?categories[]=Politics"},{"id":23,"category_name":"Commentary","link":"bib?categories[]=Commentary"},{"id":40,"category_name":"Transmission","link":"bib?categories[]=Transmission"}],"authors":[{"id":1347,"full_name":"Rosalie Helena de Souza Pereira","role":2}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":{"id":5206,"pubplace":"Sao Paulo","publisher":"Perspectiva","series":"","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null},"booksection":null,"article":null},"sort":["Commentario sobre a \u201cRep\u00fablica\u201d. A partir da vers\u00e3o Latina de Elia del Medigo"]}
| Title | Der Kommentar des Averroes zur Politeia Platons |
| Type | Article |
| Language | German |
| Date | 1958 |
| Journal | Zeitschrift für Politik, NEUE FOLGE |
| Volume | 5 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 38-51 |
| Categories | Commentary, Politics, Plato |
| Author(s) | Erwin Rosenthal |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Access | https://www.jstor.org/stable/24221339 |
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| Title | Imposing Alfarabi on Plato: Averroes’s Novel Placement of the Platonic City |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2022 |
| Published in | Plato's Republic in the Islamic Context. New Perspectives on Averroes's Commentary |
| Pages | 19–39 |
| Categories | al-Fārābī, Galen, Aristotle, Plato, Politics, Commentary |
| Author(s) | Alexander Orwin |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Averroes's Commentary on Plato's “Republic” goes far beyond merely commenting on the original. With the benefit of 1,500 years of hindsight, it reckons with important works of philosophy that would have been completely unknown to Plato. Averroes mentions three authors of such works by name: Galen, whom he mostly rebukes, Aristotle, and Alfarabi. It would be hasty to assert that by including such extraneous material, Averroes departs from Plato, but, at the very least, he updates him on account of historical developments. The importance of Averroes's post-Platonic additions is evident from the very structure of the work. The part of it that can plausibly claim to be a commentary on Plato does not begin until 27.24, almost seven pages into Rosenthal's Hebrew text. Averroes begins to address the subject of war, corresponding to Republic 374b, having skipped all of book 1 and the majority of book 2, with only two brief references to them in the opening section (CR 22.27–30, 23.31–33, cf. 47.29–30and 105.25–27). Averroes does not justify his omission until the very end of the work, when he states that the opening part of the Republic does not contain any of the demonstrative arguments of which his commentary is comprised (CR 105.25–27, cf. 21.4). He is more immediately forthright about the reasons for what he includes in its place. In keeping with the demonstrative focus of the work, Averroes replaces Platonic dialectic with a substantial discussion of science. Having divided practical science into two parts, one about general habits and actions and another about their implementation, Averroes explains: “Before we begin a point-by-point explanation of what is in these arguments [of Plato], we ought to mention the things pertinent to this [second] part [of practical science] and explained in the first part, that serve as foundation for what we wish to say here at the beginning” (CR 22.6–8). Averroes's introduction concerns above all the first part of political science, while the Republic proper contains only the second. Averroes attributes to Plato only a small part of the ensuing discussion, concerning justice, the division of labor, and the arrangement of the soul (CR 22.22–24.6, esp. 22.27, 23.31). The other passages are inspired by Aristotle and especially Alfarabi. Averroes appears to substitute scientific arguments from Aristotle and Alfarabi—mainly about science, philosophy, courage, and war—for Plato's dialectical introduction about justice and the founding of the just city. |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5347","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5347,"authors_free":[{"id":6197,"entry_id":5347,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1790,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Alexander Orwin","free_first_name":"Alexander","free_last_name":"Orwin","norm_person":{"id":1790,"first_name":" Alexander","last_name":" Orwin","full_name":" Alexander Orwin","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/1153328348","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null,"link":"bib?authors[]= Alexander Orwin"}}],"entry_title":"Imposing Alfarabi on Plato: Averroes\u2019s Novel Placement of the Platonic City","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Imposing Alfarabi on Plato: Averroes\u2019s Novel Placement of the Platonic City"},"abstract":"Averroes's Commentary on Plato's \u201cRepublic\u201d goes far beyond merely commenting on the original. With the benefit of 1,500 years of hindsight, it reckons with important works of philosophy that would have been completely unknown to Plato. Averroes mentions three authors of such works by name: Galen, whom he mostly rebukes, Aristotle, and Alfarabi. It would be hasty to assert that by including such extraneous material, Averroes departs from Plato, but, at the very least, he updates him on account of historical developments.\r\n\r\nThe importance of Averroes's post-Platonic additions is evident from the very structure of the work. The part of it that can plausibly claim to be a commentary on Plato does not begin until 27.24, almost seven pages into Rosenthal's Hebrew text. Averroes begins to address the subject of war, corresponding to Republic 374b, having skipped all of book 1 and the majority of book 2, with only two brief references to them in the opening section (CR 22.27\u201330, 23.31\u201333, cf. 47.29\u201330and 105.25\u201327). Averroes does not justify his omission until the very end of the work, when he states that the opening part of the Republic does not contain any of the demonstrative arguments of which his commentary is comprised (CR 105.25\u201327, cf. 21.4). He is more immediately forthright about the reasons for what he includes in its place. In keeping with the demonstrative focus of the work, Averroes replaces Platonic dialectic with a substantial discussion of science. Having divided practical science into two parts, one about general habits and actions and another about their implementation, Averroes explains: \u201cBefore we begin a point-by-point explanation of what is in these arguments [of Plato], we ought to mention the things pertinent to this [second] part [of practical science] and explained in the first part, that serve as foundation for what we wish to say here at the beginning\u201d (CR 22.6\u20138). Averroes's introduction concerns above all the first part of political science, while the Republic proper contains only the second. Averroes attributes to Plato only a small part of the ensuing discussion, concerning justice, the division of labor, and the arrangement of the soul (CR 22.22\u201324.6, esp. 22.27, 23.31). The other passages are inspired by Aristotle and especially Alfarabi. Averroes appears to substitute scientific arguments from Aristotle and Alfarabi\u2014mainly about science, philosophy, courage, and war\u2014for Plato's dialectical introduction about justice and the founding of the just city.","btype":2,"date":"2022","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/9781800104983.002","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":28,"category_name":"al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b","link":"bib?categories[]=al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b"},{"id":30,"category_name":"Galen","link":"bib?categories[]=Galen"},{"id":21,"category_name":"Aristotle","link":"bib?categories[]=Aristotle"},{"id":20,"category_name":"Plato","link":"bib?categories[]=Plato"},{"id":4,"category_name":"Politics","link":"bib?categories[]=Politics"},{"id":23,"category_name":"Commentary","link":"bib?categories[]=Commentary"}],"authors":[{"id":1790,"full_name":" Alexander Orwin","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":{"id":5347,"section_of":5346,"pages":"19\u201339","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":5346,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":4,"language":"en","title":"Plato's Republic in the Islamic Context. New Perspectives on Averroes's Commentary","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"2022","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"","republication_of":0,"online_url":"","online_resources":null,"translation_of":"0","new_edition_of":"0","is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"ti_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/9781800104983","book":{"id":5346,"pubplace":"","publisher":" Boydell & Brewer","series":"","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null},"persons":[{"id":6196,"entry_id":5346,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":" Alexander Orwin","free_first_name":" Alexander","free_last_name":" Orwin","norm_person":null}]}},"article":null},"sort":["Imposing Alfarabi on Plato: Averroes\u2019s Novel Placement of the Platonic City"]}
| Title | Multitude et bene esse chez Averroès et Dante. Retour sur la Monarchie I,3 |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | French |
| Date | 2019 |
| Published in | Dante et l’averroïsme |
| Pages | 357–383 |
| Categories | Metaphysics, De anima, Politics, Aristotle, Commentary |
| Author(s) | Jean-Baptiste Brenet |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Access | https://books.openedition.org/lesbelleslettres/472 |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5081","_score":null,"_ignored":["booksection.book.abstract.keyword"],"_source":{"id":5081,"authors_free":[{"id":5844,"entry_id":5081,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":622,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Jean-Baptiste Brenet","free_first_name":"Jean-Baptiste","free_last_name":"Brenet","norm_person":{"id":622,"first_name":"Jean-Baptiste","last_name":"Brenet","full_name":"Jean-Baptiste Brenet","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1051778867","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/27224973","db_url":"NULL","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Jean-Baptiste Brenet"}}],"entry_title":"Multitude et bene esse chez Averro\u00e8s et Dante. Retour sur la Monarchie I,3","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Multitude et bene esse chez Averro\u00e8s et Dante. Retour sur la Monarchie I,3"},"abstract":"","btype":2,"date":"2019","language":"French","online_url":"https:\/\/books.openedition.org\/lesbelleslettres\/472","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":31,"category_name":"Metaphysics","link":"bib?categories[]=Metaphysics"},{"id":46,"category_name":"De anima","link":"bib?categories[]=De anima"},{"id":4,"category_name":"Politics","link":"bib?categories[]=Politics"},{"id":21,"category_name":"Aristotle","link":"bib?categories[]=Aristotle"},{"id":23,"category_name":"Commentary","link":"bib?categories[]=Commentary"}],"authors":[{"id":622,"full_name":"Jean-Baptiste Brenet","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":{"id":5081,"section_of":5080,"pages":"357\u2013383 ","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":5080,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":4,"language":"no language selected","title":"Dante et l\u2019averro\u00efsme","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"Dante averro\u00efste ? Le plus grand po\u00e8te du Moyen \u00c2ge fut-il le disciple du plus grand philosophe arabe ? La Divine Com\u00e9die place Averro\u00e8s, l\u2019auteur du \u00ab Grand commentaire \u00bb d\u2019Aristote, en Enfer, et en Paradis son disciple latin Siger de Brabant qui, dans l\u2019actuelle \u00ab rue du Fouarre \u00bb \u00e0 Paris, mettait en syllogismes \u00ab des v\u00e9rit\u00e9s importunes \u00bb. Jugement de Salomon ?\r\n\r\nCe volume collectif traite en d\u00e9tail l\u2019un des chapitres les plus controvers\u00e9s de l\u2019histoire comme de l\u2019historiographie de la philosophie et de la th\u00e9ologie m\u00e9di\u00e9vales. Revisitant les textes philosophiques et po\u00e9tiques de Dante, de la Vita nova au Convivio, au De vulgari eloquentia et \u00e0 la Monarchia, examinant les productions et les th\u00e8ses de ses contemporains, interlocuteurs, amis et adversaires, m\u00e9decins, philosophes et po\u00e8tes, rappelant et discutant les th\u00e8ses de ses lecteurs anciens et modernes, les meilleurs sp\u00e9cialistes des domaines concern\u00e9s, philosophes et italianistes, dressent le bilan de deux si\u00e8cles d\u2019\u00e9tudes sur Dante, mais aussi sur Cavalcanti et sur l\u2019averro\u00efsme latin.\r\n\r\nSuivant trois grands axes, le langage et la pens\u00e9e, les \u00e9motions, la politique, c\u2019est au coeur de l\u2019histoire et de la culture europ\u00e9ennes, \u00e0 Paris, \u00e0 Florence, sur les routes de l\u2019exil, que les contributions ici rassembl\u00e9es plongeront lectrices et lecteurs amoureux de Dante, de l\u2019Italie et de la litt\u00e9rature.","republication_of":0,"online_url":"","online_resources":null,"translation_of":"0","new_edition_of":"0","is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"ti_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4000\/books.lesbelleslettres.372","book":{"id":5080,"pubplace":"Paris","publisher":"Les Belles Lettres & Coll\u00e8ge de France","series":"Docet omina ","volume":"5","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":["Multitude et bene esse chez Averro\u00e8s et Dante. Retour sur la Monarchie I,3"]}