| Title | Universal Representation, and the Ontology of Individuation |
| Type | Edited Book |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2011 |
| Publication Place | Newcastle upon Tyne |
| Publisher | Cambridge Scholars Publishing |
| Series | Proceedings of the Society for Medieval Logic and Metaphysics |
| Volume | 5 |
| Categories | Psychology, Metaphysics, Avicenna, Aquinas, Ockham, Henry of Ghent |
| Author(s) | Gyula Klima , Alexander W. Hall |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| There is broad agreement in the medieval tradition that we conceive things in the world owing to the transmission of intelligible content through various media that culminates in the concept by which something in the world is cognitively present for us. Yet how the intelligible content is transmitted along with the nature of the ultimate object of cognition provoked ceaseless debate. The first three essays in Universal Representation, and the Ontology of Individuation consider these issues as they play out in the metaphysics and natural philosophy of Avicenna, Averroes, Thomas Aquinas, Ockham and others. The last three essays turn to the metaphysical problem of the nature of the principle of individuation. Moderate realists believe in the existence of immanent general natures such as humanity and equinity, whereby individuals are members of diverse natural kinds. Accordingly, moderate realists such as Aquinas, Henry of Ghent and Duns Scotus need to investigate the nature of the individuating principle by which members of one and the same natural kind differ from one another. Nominalists, for their part, need not concern themselves with any principle of individuation as, for them, all reality is individual, there being no immanent universals; but this release comes at the cost of a new set of epistemological problems. |
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| Title | Intentionality in Medieval Arabic Philosophy |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2010 |
| Journal | Quaestio |
| Volume | 10 |
| Pages | 65-81 |
| Categories | Avicenna, Psychology, Metaphysics, Linguistics |
| Author(s) | Deborah L. Black |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| It has long been a truism of the history of philosophy that intentionality is an invention of the medieval period, and within this standard narrative, the central place of Arabic philosophy has always been acknowledged. Yet there are many misconceptions surrounding the theories of intentionality advanced by the two main Arabic thinkers whose works were available to the West, Avicenna and Averroes. In the first part of this paper I offer an overview of the general accounts of intentionality and intentional being found in the linguistic, psychological, and metaphysical writings of Avicenna and Averroes, and I trace the terminology of “intentions” to a neglected passage from Avicenna’s logic. In the second part of the paper I examine the way that Avicenna and Averroes apply their general theories of intentionality to the realm of sense perception. I offer an explanation of why Avicenna might have chosen to denominate the objects of the internal sense faculty of estimation as “intentions”, and I explore the implications of Averroes’s decision to attribute intentionality to the external senses and the media of perception. |
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| Title | Intentionality in Medieval Arabic Philosophy |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2010 |
| Journal | Quaestio |
| Volume | 10 |
| Pages | 65-81 |
| Categories | Avicenna, Psychology, Metaphysics, Linguistics |
| Author(s) | Deborah L. Black |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| It has long been a truism of the history of philosophy that intentionality is an invention of the medieval period, and within this standard narrative, the central place of Arabic philosophy has always been acknowledged. Yet there are many misconceptions surrounding the theories of intentionality advanced by the two main Arabic thinkers whose works were available to the West, Avicenna and Averroes. In the first part of this paper I offer an overview of the general accounts of intentionality and intentional being found in the linguistic, psychological, and metaphysical writings of Avicenna and Averroes, and I trace the terminology of “intentions” to a neglected passage from Avicenna’s logic. In the second part of the paper I examine the way that Avicenna and Averroes apply their general theories of intentionality to the realm of sense perception. I offer an explanation of why Avicenna might have chosen to denominate the objects of the internal sense faculty of estimation as “intentions”, and I explore the implications of Averroes’s decision to attribute intentionality to the external senses and the media of perception. |
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| Title | Universal Representation, and the Ontology of Individuation |
| Type | Edited Book |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2011 |
| Publication Place | Newcastle upon Tyne |
| Publisher | Cambridge Scholars Publishing |
| Series | Proceedings of the Society for Medieval Logic and Metaphysics |
| Volume | 5 |
| Categories | Psychology, Metaphysics, Avicenna, Aquinas, Ockham, Henry of Ghent |
| Author(s) | Gyula Klima , Alexander W. Hall |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| There is broad agreement in the medieval tradition that we conceive things in the world owing to the transmission of intelligible content through various media that culminates in the concept by which something in the world is cognitively present for us. Yet how the intelligible content is transmitted along with the nature of the ultimate object of cognition provoked ceaseless debate. The first three essays in Universal Representation, and the Ontology of Individuation consider these issues as they play out in the metaphysics and natural philosophy of Avicenna, Averroes, Thomas Aquinas, Ockham and others. The last three essays turn to the metaphysical problem of the nature of the principle of individuation. Moderate realists believe in the existence of immanent general natures such as humanity and equinity, whereby individuals are members of diverse natural kinds. Accordingly, moderate realists such as Aquinas, Henry of Ghent and Duns Scotus need to investigate the nature of the individuating principle by which members of one and the same natural kind differ from one another. Nominalists, for their part, need not concern themselves with any principle of individuation as, for them, all reality is individual, there being no immanent universals; but this release comes at the cost of a new set of epistemological problems. |
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