| Title | Ibn Rushd’s Criticism of the Theory of the Inherence of the Specific Property (khāssa) in Medicine |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2020 |
| Journal | Bulletin of the Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan |
| Volume | 57 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 33–48 |
| Categories | Medicine, Galen, Avicenna, Tradition and Reception |
| Author(s) | Yu Hoki |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| In Medieval Arabic medical texts, a specific property (khāṣṣa) is thought to be one of the effects of a medicine, and effective in a specific humor or organ. This property is mainly mentioned to explain two phenomena, purgative medicines' attraction of a certain humor and theriacas strengthening of human innate heat. Galen had advocated the theory that the faculty of attracting a specific material inheres in a medical substance as its nature (referred to as the theory of inherence). The same view can be seen in the texts of Islamic philosopher-physicians such as Ibn Sīnā (d. 1037). On the other hand, Ibn Rushd (d. 1198) perceived the defects of this theory and criticised it. This article examines his criticism of the theory of inherence in his discussions about purgative medicines and theriacas. Ibn Rushd says that using the theory of inheritance, we cannot explain the phenomenon that when someone takes more than one dose of purgative medicine, it attracts not only the specific humor, but all of the humors. He then proposes the alternative theory that the specific property originates in the proportions of the qualities in the attracting and the attracted materials. From this perspective, he insists that the object of attraction varies according to the amount of the heat in the medicine. As for theriaca, Ibn Rushd criticises the theory of inherence as seen in the writings of Ibn Sīnā Ibn Sīnā claims that theriaca's specific property is generated from its substance, i.e. the combination of form with matter, not the mixture of the four qualities. But according to Ibn Rushd, with this explanation, it is impossible to explain the body's various responses to theriaca. Therefore he maintains that one must explain its specific property in terms of the four qualities. To conclude, Ibn Rushd considers his theory to be more capable of explaining various phenomena than the theory of inherence is. |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5049","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5049,"authors_free":[{"id":5799,"entry_id":5049,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Yu Hoki","free_first_name":"Yu","free_last_name":"Hoki","norm_person":null}],"entry_title":"Ibn Rushd\u2019s Criticism of the Theory of the Inherence of the Specific Property (kh\u0101ssa) in Medicine","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Ibn Rushd\u2019s Criticism of the Theory of the Inherence of the Specific Property (kh\u0101ssa) in Medicine"},"abstract":"In Medieval Arabic medical texts, a specific property (kh\u0101\u1e63\u1e63a) is thought to be one of the effects of a medicine, and effective in a specific humor or organ. This property is mainly mentioned to explain two phenomena, purgative medicines' attraction of a certain humor and theriacas strengthening of human innate heat. Galen had advocated the theory that the faculty of attracting a specific material inheres in a medical substance as its nature (referred to as the theory of inherence). The same view can be seen in the texts of Islamic philosopher-physicians such as Ibn S\u012bn\u0101 (d. 1037). On the other hand, Ibn Rushd (d. 1198) perceived the defects of this theory and criticised it. This article examines his criticism of the theory of inherence in his discussions about purgative medicines and theriacas.\r\nIbn Rushd says that using the theory of inheritance, we cannot explain the phenomenon that when someone takes more than one dose of purgative medicine, it attracts not only the specific humor, but all of the humors. He then proposes the alternative theory that the specific property originates in the proportions of the qualities in the attracting and the attracted materials. From this perspective, he insists that the object of attraction varies according to the amount of the heat in the medicine.\r\nAs for theriaca, Ibn Rushd criticises the theory of inherence as seen in the writings of Ibn S\u012bn\u0101 Ibn S\u012bn\u0101 claims that theriaca's specific property is generated from its substance, i.e. the combination of form with matter, not the mixture of the four qualities. But according to Ibn Rushd, with this explanation, it is impossible to explain the body's various responses to theriaca. Therefore he maintains that one must explain its specific property in terms of the four qualities.\r\nTo conclude, Ibn Rushd considers his theory to be more capable of explaining various phenomena than the theory of inherence is. ","btype":3,"date":"2020","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5356\/jorient.57.1_33","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":29,"category_name":"Medicine","link":"bib?categories[]=Medicine"},{"id":30,"category_name":"Galen","link":"bib?categories[]=Galen"},{"id":10,"category_name":"Avicenna","link":"bib?categories[]=Avicenna"},{"id":43,"category_name":"Tradition and Reception","link":"bib?categories[]=Tradition and Reception"}],"authors":[],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5049,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Bulletin of the Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan","volume":"57","issue":"1","pages":"33\u201348"}},"sort":[2020]}
| Title | Ibn Rushd on Galen and the New Drugs Spread by the Arabs |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2009 |
| Journal | Journal Asiatique |
| Volume | 297 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 83–101 |
| Categories | Medicine |
| Author(s) | Zohar Amar , Efraim Lev , Yaron Serri |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | La influencia de la medicina árabe en la interpretación de Averroes al De anima de Aristóteles |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Spanish |
| Date | 2007 |
| Journal | VeritasA Filosofia árabe e judaica e o ocidente medieval |
| Volume | 52 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 91–103 |
| Categories | Psychology, Medicine, Aristotle |
| Author(s) | Luis Xavier López Farjeat |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Was Medical Theory Heterodox in the Latin Middle Ages?. The Plurality Theses of Paul of Venice and the Medical Authorities, Galen, Haly Abbas and Averroes |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2001 |
| Journal | Recherches de théologie et philosophie médiévales |
| Volume | 68 |
| Pages | 349–370 |
| Categories | Medicine, Latin Averroism, Galen |
| Author(s) | Graham J. McAleer |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | كلياتالطب عند ابن رشد |
| Transcription | "Kullīyāt". al-Ṭabb ʿinda Ibn Rušd |
| Translation | "Colliget". Medicine in Ibn Rushd |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Arabic |
| Date | 2000 |
| Pages | 243–269 |
| Categories | Medicine |
| Author(s) | Muṣṭafā labīb Abd al-Ġanī |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"1344","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1344,"authors_free":[{"id":1532,"entry_id":1344,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1034,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Mu\u1e63\u1e6daf\u0101 lab\u012bb Abd al-\u0120an\u012b","free_first_name":"Mu\u1e63\u1e6daf\u0101 lab\u012bb","free_last_name":"Abd al-\u0120an\u012b","norm_person":{"id":1034,"first_name":"Mu\u1e63\u1e6daf\u0101","last_name":"Lab\u012bb","full_name":"Mu\u1e63\u1e6daf\u0101 Lab\u012bb","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/143684205","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/44152237","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Mu\u1e63\u1e6daf\u0101 Lab\u012bb"}}],"entry_title":"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062f","title_transcript":"\"Kull\u012by\u0101t\". al-\u1e6cabb \u02bfinda Ibn Ru\u0161d","title_translation":"\"Colliget\". Medicine in Ibn Rushd","main_title":{"title":"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062f"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"2000","language":"Arabic","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":29,"category_name":"Medicine","link":"bib?categories[]=Medicine"}],"authors":[{"id":1034,"full_name":"Mu\u1e63\u1e6daf\u0101 Lab\u012bb","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":1344,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"","volume":null,"issue":null,"pages":"243\u2013269"}},"sort":[2000]}
| Title | Medieval Descriptions and Doctrines of Stroke. Preliminary Analysis of Select Sources. Part II: Between Galenism and Aristotelism. Preliminary Analysis of Select Sources. Islamic Theories of Apoplexy (800–1200) |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 1998 |
| Journal | Journal of the History of Neurosciences |
| Volume | 7 |
| Pages | 174–185 |
| Categories | Medicine, Galen, Aristotle |
| Author(s) | Axel Karenberg , Irmgard Hort |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"531","_score":null,"_source":{"id":531,"authors_free":[{"id":677,"entry_id":531,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":806,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Axel Karenberg","free_first_name":"Axel","free_last_name":"Karenberg","norm_person":{"id":806,"first_name":"Axel","last_name":"Karenberg","full_name":"Axel Karenberg","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/129591378","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/70013349","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Axel Karenberg"}},{"id":678,"entry_id":531,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":807,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Irmgard Hort","free_first_name":"Irmgard","free_last_name":"Hort","norm_person":{"id":807,"first_name":"Irmgard","last_name":"Hort","full_name":"Irmgard Hort","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/111835852","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/62185524","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Irmgard Hort"}}],"entry_title":"Medieval Descriptions and Doctrines of Stroke. Preliminary Analysis of Select Sources. Part II: Between Galenism and Aristotelism. Preliminary Analysis of Select Sources. Islamic Theories of Apoplexy (800\u20131200)","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Medieval Descriptions and Doctrines of Stroke. Preliminary Analysis of Select Sources. Part II: Between Galenism and Aristotelism. Preliminary Analysis of Select Sources. Islamic Theories of Apoplexy (800\u20131200)"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"1998","language":"English","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":29,"category_name":"Medicine","link":"bib?categories[]=Medicine"},{"id":30,"category_name":"Galen","link":"bib?categories[]=Galen"},{"id":21,"category_name":"Aristotle","link":"bib?categories[]=Aristotle"}],"authors":[{"id":806,"full_name":"Axel Karenberg","role":1},{"id":807,"full_name":"Irmgard Hort","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":531,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Journal of the History of Neurosciences","volume":"7","issue":null,"pages":"174\u2013185"}},"sort":[1998]}
| Title | Sobre la conservación de la salud. Averroes, Maimónides e Ibn al Jatîb |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Spanish |
| Date | 1996 |
| Journal | Qurtuba. Estudios andalusíes |
| Volume | 1 |
| Pages | 207–217 |
| Categories | Medicine, Maimonides |
| Author(s) | María Vázquez de Benito |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"540","_score":null,"_source":{"id":540,"authors_free":[{"id":687,"entry_id":540,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1467,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Mar\u00eda V\u00e1zquez de Benito","free_first_name":"Mar\u00eda","free_last_name":"V\u00e1zquez de Benito","norm_person":{"id":1467,"first_name":"Mar\u00eda de la Concepti\u00f3n","last_name":"V\u00e1zquez de Benito","full_name":"Mar\u00eda de la Concepti\u00f3n V\u00e1zquez de Benito","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/121308154","viaf_url":"http:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/61583225","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Mar\u00eda de la Concepti\u00f3n V\u00e1zquez de Benito"}}],"entry_title":"Sobre la conservaci\u00f3n de la salud. Averroes, Maim\u00f3nides e Ibn al Jat\u00eeb","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Sobre la conservaci\u00f3n de la salud. Averroes, Maim\u00f3nides e Ibn al Jat\u00eeb"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"1996","language":"Spanish","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":29,"category_name":"Medicine","link":"bib?categories[]=Medicine"},{"id":9,"category_name":"Maimonides","link":"bib?categories[]=Maimonides"}],"authors":[{"id":1467,"full_name":"Mar\u00eda de la Concepti\u00f3n V\u00e1zquez de Benito","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":540,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Qurtuba. Estudios andalus\u00edes","volume":"1","issue":null,"pages":"207\u2013217"}},"sort":[1996]}
| Title | El averrosimo en la filosofia corpuscular de Pere d'Oleza (ca. 1460–1531) |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Spanish |
| Date | 1995 |
| Journal | Medicina nei secoli |
| Volume | 7 |
| Pages | 1–27 |
| Categories | Medicine |
| Author(s) | Josep Lluis Barona |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"525","_score":null,"_source":{"id":525,"authors_free":[{"id":670,"entry_id":525,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":802,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Josep Lluis Barona","free_first_name":"Josep Lluis","free_last_name":"Barona","norm_person":{"id":802,"first_name":"Josep Lluis","last_name":"Barona","full_name":"Josep Lluis Barona","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1055788824","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/66754991","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Josep Lluis Barona"}}],"entry_title":"El averrosimo en la filosofia corpuscular de Pere d'Oleza (ca. 1460\u20131531)","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"El averrosimo en la filosofia corpuscular de Pere d'Oleza (ca. 1460\u20131531)"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"1995","language":"Spanish","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":29,"category_name":"Medicine","link":"bib?categories[]=Medicine"}],"authors":[{"id":802,"full_name":"Josep Lluis Barona","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":525,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Medicina nei secoli","volume":"7","issue":null,"pages":"1\u201327"}},"sort":[1995]}
| Title | La generalità della medicina di Averroè |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Italian |
| Date | 1994 |
| Journal | Medicina nei secoli |
| Volume | 6 |
| Pages | 407–423 |
| Categories | Medicine |
| Author(s) | Giuliano Tamani |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"538","_score":null,"_source":{"id":538,"authors_free":[{"id":685,"entry_id":538,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":218,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Giuliano Tamani","free_first_name":"Giuliano","free_last_name":"Tamani","norm_person":{"id":218,"first_name":"Giuliano","last_name":"Tamani","full_name":"Giuliano Tamani","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1144369304","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/56227","db_url":"NULL","from_claudius":0,"link":"bib?authors[]=Giuliano Tamani"}}],"entry_title":"La generalit\u00e0 della medicina di Averro\u00e8","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"La generalit\u00e0 della medicina di Averro\u00e8"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"1994","language":"Italian","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":29,"category_name":"Medicine","link":"bib?categories[]=Medicine"}],"authors":[{"id":218,"full_name":"Giuliano Tamani","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":538,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Medicina nei secoli","volume":"6","issue":null,"pages":"407\u2013423"}},"sort":[1994]}
| Title | Système nerveux et neuro-psychiatrie chez Ibn Rochd (Averroes) et Ibn Zohr (Avenzoar) |
| Type | Article |
| Language | French |
| Date | 1992 |
| Journal | Histoire des sciences médicales |
| Volume | 26 |
| Pages | 281–286 |
| Categories | Medicine |
| Author(s) | Saadeddine El Otmani , Driss Moussaoui |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"526","_score":null,"_source":{"id":526,"authors_free":[{"id":671,"entry_id":526,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":803,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Saadeddine El Otmani","free_first_name":"Saadeddine","free_last_name":"El Otmani","norm_person":{"id":803,"first_name":"Saadeddine","last_name":"El Otmani","full_name":"Saadeddine El Otmani","short_ident":"SaaElO","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Saadeddine El Otmani"}},{"id":672,"entry_id":526,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":804,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Driss Moussaoui","free_first_name":"Driss","free_last_name":"Moussaoui","norm_person":{"id":804,"first_name":"Driss","last_name":"Moussaoui","full_name":"Driss Moussaoui","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/152305580","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/22153826","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Driss Moussaoui"}}],"entry_title":"Syst\u00e8me nerveux et neuro-psychiatrie chez Ibn Rochd (Averroes) et Ibn Zohr (Avenzoar)","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Syst\u00e8me nerveux et neuro-psychiatrie chez Ibn Rochd (Averroes) et Ibn Zohr (Avenzoar)"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"1992","language":"French","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":29,"category_name":"Medicine","link":"bib?categories[]=Medicine"}],"authors":[{"id":803,"full_name":"Saadeddine El Otmani","role":1},{"id":804,"full_name":"Driss Moussaoui","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":526,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Histoire des sciences m\u00e9dicales","volume":"26","issue":null,"pages":"281\u2013286"}},"sort":[1992]}
| Title | "Medizin", s.v. "Averroes, Averroismus" |
| Type | Article |
| Language | German |
| Date | 1980 |
| Pages | 1295–1296 |
| Categories | Medicine |
| Author(s) | H. H. Lauer |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"1168","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1168,"authors_free":[{"id":1349,"entry_id":1168,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1193,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"H. H. Lauer","free_first_name":"H. H.","free_last_name":"Lauer","norm_person":{"id":1193,"first_name":"H. H.","last_name":"Lauer","full_name":"H. H. Lauer","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/111405858","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/43929949","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=H. H. Lauer"}}],"entry_title":"\"Medizin\", s.v. \"Averroes, Averroismus\"","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"\"Medizin\", s.v. \"Averroes, Averroismus\""},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"1980","language":"German","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":29,"category_name":"Medicine","link":"bib?categories[]=Medicine"}],"authors":[{"id":1193,"full_name":"H. H. Lauer","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":1168,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"","volume":null,"issue":null,"pages":"1295\u20131296"}},"sort":["\"Medizin\", s.v. \"Averroes, Averroismus\""]}
| Title | Corpus medicorum arabico-hispanorum |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Spanish |
| Date | 1981 |
| Journal | Awrāq |
| Volume | 4 |
| Pages | 79–111 |
| Categories | Medicine |
| Author(s) | Carmen Peña |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"535","_score":null,"_source":{"id":535,"authors_free":[{"id":682,"entry_id":535,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":809,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Carmen Pe\u00f1a","free_first_name":"Carmen","free_last_name":"Pe\u00f1a","norm_person":{"id":809,"first_name":"Carmen","last_name":"Pe\u00f1a","full_name":"Carmen Pe\u00f1a","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/140420622","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/40953169","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Carmen Pe\u00f1a"}}],"entry_title":"Corpus medicorum arabico-hispanorum","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Corpus medicorum arabico-hispanorum"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"1981","language":"Spanish","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":29,"category_name":"Medicine","link":"bib?categories[]=Medicine"}],"authors":[{"id":809,"full_name":"Carmen Pe\u00f1a","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":535,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Awr\u0101q","volume":"4","issue":null,"pages":"79\u2013111"}},"sort":["Corpus medicorum arabico-hispanorum"]}
| Title | Did Averroes Discover Retinal Sensitivity? |
| Type | Article |
| Language | German |
| Date | 1983 |
| Categories | Medicine |
| Author(s) | David C. Lindberg |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"1169","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1169,"authors_free":[{"id":1350,"entry_id":1169,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1194,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"David C. Lindberg","free_first_name":"David C.","free_last_name":"Lindberg","norm_person":{"id":1194,"first_name":"David C.","last_name":"Lindberg","full_name":"David C. Lindberg","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/124798306","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/109333288","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=David C. Lindberg"}}],"entry_title":"Did Averroes Discover Retinal Sensitivity?","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Did Averroes Discover Retinal Sensitivity?"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"1983","language":"German","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":29,"category_name":"Medicine","link":"bib?categories[]=Medicine"}],"authors":[{"id":1194,"full_name":"David C. Lindberg","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":1169,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"","volume":null,"issue":null,"pages":null}},"sort":["Did Averroes Discover Retinal Sensitivity?"]}
| Title | Die Vorworte zum Colliget des Averroes |
| Type | Article |
| Language | German |
| Date | 1986 |
| Journal | Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft |
| Volume | 136 |
| Pages | 402–427 |
| Categories | Medicine |
| Author(s) | Helmut Gätje |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"530","_score":null,"_source":{"id":530,"authors_free":[{"id":676,"entry_id":530,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":240,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Helmut G\u00e4tje","free_first_name":"Helmut","free_last_name":"G\u00e4tje","norm_person":{"id":240,"first_name":"","last_name":"","full_name":"Helmut G\u00e4tje","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1021419966","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/29561534","db_url":"NULL","from_claudius":0,"link":"bib?authors[]=Helmut G\u00e4tje"}}],"entry_title":"Die Vorworte zum Colliget des Averroes","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Die Vorworte zum Colliget des Averroes"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"1986","language":"German","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":29,"category_name":"Medicine","link":"bib?categories[]=Medicine"}],"authors":[{"id":240,"full_name":"Helmut G\u00e4tje","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":530,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenl\u00e4ndischen Gesellschaft","volume":"136","issue":null,"pages":"402\u2013427"}},"sort":["Die Vorworte zum Colliget des Averroes"]}
| Title | El Kitâb al-Kulliyyât de Ibn Rushd. Problemática de su edición |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Spanish |
| Date | 1988 |
| Journal | Quaderni di studi arabi |
| Volume | 5–6 |
| Pages | 12–19 |
| Categories | Medicine |
| Author(s) | Camilo Alvarez de Morales |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"522","_score":null,"_source":{"id":522,"authors_free":[{"id":667,"entry_id":522,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":800,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Camilo Alvarez de Morales","free_first_name":"Camilo","free_last_name":"Alvarez de Morales","norm_person":{"id":800,"first_name":"Camilo","last_name":"Alvarez de Morales","full_name":"Camilo Alvarez de Morales","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1053390211","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/14789964","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Camilo Alvarez de Morales"}}],"entry_title":"El Kit\u00e2b al-Kulliyy\u00e2t de Ibn Rushd. Problem\u00e1tica de su edici\u00f3n","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"El Kit\u00e2b al-Kulliyy\u00e2t de Ibn Rushd. Problem\u00e1tica de su edici\u00f3n"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"1988","language":"Spanish","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":29,"category_name":"Medicine","link":"bib?categories[]=Medicine"}],"authors":[{"id":800,"full_name":"Camilo Alvarez de Morales","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":522,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Quaderni di studi arabi","volume":"5\u20136","issue":null,"pages":"12\u201319"}},"sort":["El Kit\u00e2b al-Kulliyy\u00e2t de Ibn Rushd. Problem\u00e1tica de su edici\u00f3n"]}
| Title | El averrosimo en la filosofia corpuscular de Pere d'Oleza (ca. 1460–1531) |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Spanish |
| Date | 1995 |
| Journal | Medicina nei secoli |
| Volume | 7 |
| Pages | 1–27 |
| Categories | Medicine |
| Author(s) | Josep Lluis Barona |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"525","_score":null,"_source":{"id":525,"authors_free":[{"id":670,"entry_id":525,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":802,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Josep Lluis Barona","free_first_name":"Josep Lluis","free_last_name":"Barona","norm_person":{"id":802,"first_name":"Josep Lluis","last_name":"Barona","full_name":"Josep Lluis Barona","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1055788824","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/66754991","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Josep Lluis Barona"}}],"entry_title":"El averrosimo en la filosofia corpuscular de Pere d'Oleza (ca. 1460\u20131531)","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"El averrosimo en la filosofia corpuscular de Pere d'Oleza (ca. 1460\u20131531)"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"1995","language":"Spanish","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":29,"category_name":"Medicine","link":"bib?categories[]=Medicine"}],"authors":[{"id":802,"full_name":"Josep Lluis Barona","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":525,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Medicina nei secoli","volume":"7","issue":null,"pages":"1\u201327"}},"sort":["El averrosimo en la filosofia corpuscular de Pere d'Oleza (ca. 1460\u20131531)"]}
| Title | Ibn Rushd on Galen and the New Drugs Spread by the Arabs |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2009 |
| Journal | Journal Asiatique |
| Volume | 297 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 83–101 |
| Categories | Medicine |
| Author(s) | Zohar Amar , Efraim Lev , Yaron Serri |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"1410","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1410,"authors_free":[{"id":1602,"entry_id":1410,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1304,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Zohar Amar","free_first_name":"Zohar","free_last_name":"Amar","norm_person":{"id":1304,"first_name":"Zohar","last_name":"Amar","full_name":"Zohar Amar","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/184679427","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/5113559","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Zohar Amar"}},{"id":1603,"entry_id":1410,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1305,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Efraim Lev","free_first_name":"Efraim","free_last_name":"Lev","norm_person":{"id":1305,"first_name":"Efraim","last_name":"Lev","full_name":"Efraim Lev","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/184679850","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/54327974","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Efraim Lev"}},{"id":1604,"entry_id":1410,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1306,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Yaron Serri","free_first_name":"Yaron","free_last_name":"Serri","norm_person":{"id":1306,"first_name":"Yaron","last_name":"Serri","full_name":"Yaron Serri","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/159925088","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/47013892","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Yaron Serri"}}],"entry_title":"Ibn Rushd on Galen and the New Drugs Spread by the Arabs","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Ibn Rushd on Galen and the New Drugs Spread by the Arabs"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"2009","language":"English","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":29,"category_name":"Medicine","link":"bib?categories[]=Medicine"}],"authors":[{"id":1304,"full_name":"Zohar Amar","role":1},{"id":1305,"full_name":"Efraim Lev","role":1},{"id":1306,"full_name":"Yaron Serri","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":1410,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Journal Asiatique","volume":"297","issue":"1","pages":"83\u2013101"}},"sort":["Ibn Rushd on Galen and the New Drugs Spread by the Arabs"]}
| Title | Ibn Rushd’s Criticism of the Theory of the Inherence of the Specific Property (khāssa) in Medicine |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2020 |
| Journal | Bulletin of the Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan |
| Volume | 57 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 33–48 |
| Categories | Medicine, Galen, Avicenna, Tradition and Reception |
| Author(s) | Yu Hoki |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| In Medieval Arabic medical texts, a specific property (khāṣṣa) is thought to be one of the effects of a medicine, and effective in a specific humor or organ. This property is mainly mentioned to explain two phenomena, purgative medicines' attraction of a certain humor and theriacas strengthening of human innate heat. Galen had advocated the theory that the faculty of attracting a specific material inheres in a medical substance as its nature (referred to as the theory of inherence). The same view can be seen in the texts of Islamic philosopher-physicians such as Ibn Sīnā (d. 1037). On the other hand, Ibn Rushd (d. 1198) perceived the defects of this theory and criticised it. This article examines his criticism of the theory of inherence in his discussions about purgative medicines and theriacas. Ibn Rushd says that using the theory of inheritance, we cannot explain the phenomenon that when someone takes more than one dose of purgative medicine, it attracts not only the specific humor, but all of the humors. He then proposes the alternative theory that the specific property originates in the proportions of the qualities in the attracting and the attracted materials. From this perspective, he insists that the object of attraction varies according to the amount of the heat in the medicine. As for theriaca, Ibn Rushd criticises the theory of inherence as seen in the writings of Ibn Sīnā Ibn Sīnā claims that theriaca's specific property is generated from its substance, i.e. the combination of form with matter, not the mixture of the four qualities. But according to Ibn Rushd, with this explanation, it is impossible to explain the body's various responses to theriaca. Therefore he maintains that one must explain its specific property in terms of the four qualities. To conclude, Ibn Rushd considers his theory to be more capable of explaining various phenomena than the theory of inherence is. |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5049","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5049,"authors_free":[{"id":5799,"entry_id":5049,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Yu Hoki","free_first_name":"Yu","free_last_name":"Hoki","norm_person":null}],"entry_title":"Ibn Rushd\u2019s Criticism of the Theory of the Inherence of the Specific Property (kh\u0101ssa) in Medicine","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Ibn Rushd\u2019s Criticism of the Theory of the Inherence of the Specific Property (kh\u0101ssa) in Medicine"},"abstract":"In Medieval Arabic medical texts, a specific property (kh\u0101\u1e63\u1e63a) is thought to be one of the effects of a medicine, and effective in a specific humor or organ. This property is mainly mentioned to explain two phenomena, purgative medicines' attraction of a certain humor and theriacas strengthening of human innate heat. Galen had advocated the theory that the faculty of attracting a specific material inheres in a medical substance as its nature (referred to as the theory of inherence). The same view can be seen in the texts of Islamic philosopher-physicians such as Ibn S\u012bn\u0101 (d. 1037). On the other hand, Ibn Rushd (d. 1198) perceived the defects of this theory and criticised it. This article examines his criticism of the theory of inherence in his discussions about purgative medicines and theriacas.\r\nIbn Rushd says that using the theory of inheritance, we cannot explain the phenomenon that when someone takes more than one dose of purgative medicine, it attracts not only the specific humor, but all of the humors. He then proposes the alternative theory that the specific property originates in the proportions of the qualities in the attracting and the attracted materials. From this perspective, he insists that the object of attraction varies according to the amount of the heat in the medicine.\r\nAs for theriaca, Ibn Rushd criticises the theory of inherence as seen in the writings of Ibn S\u012bn\u0101 Ibn S\u012bn\u0101 claims that theriaca's specific property is generated from its substance, i.e. the combination of form with matter, not the mixture of the four qualities. But according to Ibn Rushd, with this explanation, it is impossible to explain the body's various responses to theriaca. Therefore he maintains that one must explain its specific property in terms of the four qualities.\r\nTo conclude, Ibn Rushd considers his theory to be more capable of explaining various phenomena than the theory of inherence is. ","btype":3,"date":"2020","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5356\/jorient.57.1_33","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":29,"category_name":"Medicine","link":"bib?categories[]=Medicine"},{"id":30,"category_name":"Galen","link":"bib?categories[]=Galen"},{"id":10,"category_name":"Avicenna","link":"bib?categories[]=Avicenna"},{"id":43,"category_name":"Tradition and Reception","link":"bib?categories[]=Tradition and Reception"}],"authors":[],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5049,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Bulletin of the Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan","volume":"57","issue":"1","pages":"33\u201348"}},"sort":["Ibn Rushd\u2019s Criticism of the Theory of the Inherence of the Specific Property (kh\u0101ssa) in Medicine"]}
| Title | Indice de sustancias medicinales citadas en el Kitāb al-kulliyyāt de Averroes |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Spanish |
| Date | 1980 |
| Journal | Estudios del Departamento de Historia de la Farmacia y Legislación Farmaceutica |
| Volume | 5 |
| Pages | 1–38 |
| Categories | Medicine |
| Author(s) | Carmen Peña |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"534","_score":null,"_source":{"id":534,"authors_free":[{"id":681,"entry_id":534,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":809,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Carmen Pe\u00f1a","free_first_name":"Carmen","free_last_name":"Pe\u00f1a","norm_person":{"id":809,"first_name":"Carmen","last_name":"Pe\u00f1a","full_name":"Carmen Pe\u00f1a","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/140420622","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/40953169","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Carmen Pe\u00f1a"}}],"entry_title":"Indice de sustancias medicinales citadas en el Kit\u0101b al-kulliyy\u0101t de Averroes","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Indice de sustancias medicinales citadas en el Kit\u0101b al-kulliyy\u0101t de Averroes"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"1980","language":"Spanish","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":29,"category_name":"Medicine","link":"bib?categories[]=Medicine"}],"authors":[{"id":809,"full_name":"Carmen Pe\u00f1a","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":534,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Estudios del Departamento de Historia de la Farmacia y Legislaci\u00f3n Farmaceutica","volume":"5","issue":null,"pages":"1\u201338"}},"sort":["Indice de sustancias medicinales citadas en el Kit\u0101b al-kulliyy\u0101t de Averroes"]}
| Title | La generalità della medicina di Averroè |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Italian |
| Date | 1994 |
| Journal | Medicina nei secoli |
| Volume | 6 |
| Pages | 407–423 |
| Categories | Medicine |
| Author(s) | Giuliano Tamani |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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