Redefining the Miraculous: al-Ghazâlî, Ibn Rushd and Said Nursi on Qur’anic Miracle Stories, 2011
By: Isra Yazicioglu
Title Redefining the Miraculous: al-Ghazâlî, Ibn Rushd and Said Nursi on Qur’anic Miracle Stories
Translation إعادة تحديد اﻷمر المعجز: آراء الغزالي وابن رشد وسعيد النورسي في قصص المعجزات
Type Article
Language English
Date 2011
Journal Journal of Qur’anic Studies
Volume 13
Issue 2
Pages 86–108
Categories Natural Philosophy, Theology, al-Ġazālī
Author(s) Isra Yazicioglu
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
Miracle stories in sacred texts have been a source of both fascination and heated debate across religious traditions. Qur'anic miracle stories are especially interesting because they are part of a discourse that also de-emphasises the miraculous. By looking at how three scholars have engaged with Qur'anic miracle stories, I here investigate how these narratives have been interpreted in diverse and fruitful ways. The first part of the article analyses how two medieval scholars, al-Ghazālī (d. 505/1 111) and Ibn Rushd (d. 595/1198), engaged with the implications of miracle stories. Taking his cue from miracle stories, al-Ghazālī offered a sophisticated critique of natural determinism and suggested that the natural order should be perceived as a constantly renewed divine gift. In contrast, Ibn Rushd dismissed al-Ghazālī's critique as sophistry and maintained that accepting the possibility that the natural order might be suspended was an affront to human knowledge and science. In the second part, I turn to Bediuzzaman Said Nursi (1870-1960), whose interpretation offers a crystallisation of al-Ghazālī's insights as well as, surprisingly, an indirect confirmation of Ibn Rushd's concerns about human knowledge and science. Nursi redefines the miraculous in light of miracle stories, and interprets them as reminders of 'everyday miracles' and as encouragements to improve science and technology in God's name. ظلت قصص المعجزات في الكتب الديننة أمراﹰ شائقاﹰ ومدار جدل ساخن في تعاليم اﻷديان المختلفة. وقصص المعجزات في القرآن ذات أهمية ﺧﺎﺻﺔ فهي جزء من خطاب يزيل ـ أيضاﹰ ـ التركيز على المعجز. وبالنظر في كيفية تعامل ﺛﻼﺛﺔ من العلماء مع قصص المعجزات أحاول في هذا المقال أن أتبين كيف تم تفسير هذه القصص بطرق مختلفة ومثمرة معاﹰ. وفي الجزء اﻷول من المقال نحلل كيف تعامل مفكران من الماضي هما الغزالي (ت 1111/505 ﻫ) وابن رشد (ت 1198/59 ﻫ) مع مضامين قصص المعجزات. فبناء على قصص المعجزات عرض الغزالي نقداﹰ حصيفاﹰ للحتمية الطبيعية واقترح أن تنظر ﺇلى الوضع الطبيعي على أنه منحة إلهية تتجدد باستمرار. وفي المقابل رفض ابن رشد نقد الغزالي واعتبره سفسطة وقال أن قبول احتمال تعطيل الوضع الطبيعي يجابه المعرفة اﻹنسانية والعلم. وفي الحزء الثاني من المقال تتناول بديع الزمان سعيد النورسي (1870 - 1960) الذي يمزج في تفسيره بين فراسة العزالي واهتمام ابن رشد بالمعرفة اﻹنسانية والعلم. ويعيد النورسي تحديد المعجز في ضوء قصص المعجزات ويقول إنها تذكرنا " بالمعجزات اليومية " وتشجعنا على التقدم في العلم والتكنولوجيا باسم اللّه .

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5381","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5381,"authors_free":[{"id":6233,"entry_id":5381,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1754,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Isra Yazicioglu","free_first_name":"Isra","free_last_name":"Yazicioglu","norm_person":{"id":1754,"first_name":"Isra","last_name":"Yazicioglu","full_name":"Isra Yazicioglu","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1050937392","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null,"link":"bib?authors[]=Isra Yazicioglu"}}],"entry_title":"Redefining the Miraculous: al-Ghaz\u00e2l\u00ee, Ibn Rushd and Said Nursi on Qur\u2019anic Miracle Stories","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\ufef7\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632: \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062f \u0648\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632\u0627\u062a","main_title":{"title":"Redefining the Miraculous: al-Ghaz\u00e2l\u00ee, Ibn Rushd and Said Nursi on Qur\u2019anic Miracle Stories"},"abstract":"Miracle stories in sacred texts have been a source of both fascination and heated debate across religious traditions. Qur'anic miracle stories are especially interesting because they are part of a discourse that also de-emphasises the miraculous. By looking at how three scholars have engaged with Qur'anic miracle stories, I here investigate how these narratives have been interpreted in diverse and fruitful ways. The first part of the article analyses how two medieval scholars, al-Ghaz\u0101l\u012b (d. 505\/1 111) and Ibn Rushd (d. 595\/1198), engaged with the implications of miracle stories. Taking his cue from miracle stories, al-Ghaz\u0101l\u012b offered a sophisticated critique of natural determinism and suggested that the natural order should be perceived as a constantly renewed divine gift. In contrast, Ibn Rushd dismissed al-Ghaz\u0101l\u012b's critique as sophistry and maintained that accepting the possibility that the natural order might be suspended was an affront to human knowledge and science. In the second part, I turn to Bediuzzaman Said Nursi (1870-1960), whose interpretation offers a crystallisation of al-Ghaz\u0101l\u012b's insights as well as, surprisingly, an indirect confirmation of Ibn Rushd's concerns about human knowledge and science. Nursi redefines the miraculous in light of miracle stories, and interprets them as reminders of 'everyday miracles' and as encouragements to improve science and technology in God's name.\r\n\r\n\u0638\u0644\u062a \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\ufe70 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0627\ufe70 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\ufef7\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \ufea7\ufe8e\ufebb\ufe94 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0640 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\ufe70 \u0640 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \ufe9b\ufefc\ufe9b\ufe94 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\ufe70. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\ufef7\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a (\u062a 1111\/505 \ufeeb) \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062f (\u062a 1198\/59 \ufeeb) \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0627\ufe70 \u062d\u0635\u064a\u0641\u0627\ufe70 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \ufe87\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062f \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0641\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\ufef9\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0633\u064a (1870 - 1960) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0632\u062c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\ufef9\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0633\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0646\u0627 \" \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \" \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0647 .","btype":3,"date":"2011","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":38,"category_name":"Natural Philosophy","link":"bib?categories[]=Natural Philosophy"},{"id":39,"category_name":"Theology","link":"bib?categories[]=Theology"},{"id":14,"category_name":"al-\u0120az\u0101l\u012b","link":"bib?categories[]=al-\u0120az\u0101l\u012b"}],"authors":[{"id":1754,"full_name":"Isra Yazicioglu","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5381,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Journal of Qur\u2019anic Studies","volume":"13","issue":"2","pages":"86\u2013108"}},"sort":[2011]}

Discussion of Causality Based on the Conceptions of Nature of Ibn Rushd and al-Ghazalī, 2010
By: Mehmet Fatih Birgül
Title Discussion of Causality Based on the Conceptions of Nature of Ibn Rushd and al-Ghazalī
Type Article
Language English
Date 2010
Journal Ilahiyat Studies. A Journal on Islamic and Religious Studies
Volume 1
Issue 2
Pages 241–258
Categories Natural Philosophy, al-Ġazālī, Metaphysics
Author(s) Mehmet Fatih Birgül
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
In this short analysis, we will compare Ibn Rushd's justification of the causality principle to the suspicions and objections of al-Ghazālī. Nevertheless, our analysis of the issue will center on al-Ghazālī's and Ibn Rushd's conceptions of nature. Therefore, our article aims at illuminating two points: first, there is a fundamental difference between the conceptions of nature and generation of the two philosophers; second, this structural difference constitutes the real cause of disagreement over the causality principle.

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"1636","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1636,"authors_free":[{"id":1892,"entry_id":1636,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1425,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Mehmet Fatih Birg\u00fcl","free_first_name":"Mehmet","free_last_name":"Fatih Birg\u00fcl","norm_person":{"id":1425,"first_name":"Mehmet","last_name":"Fatih Birg\u00fcl","full_name":"Mehmet Fatih Birg\u00fcl","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"","viaf_url":"http:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/101480661","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Mehmet Fatih Birg\u00fcl"}}],"entry_title":"Discussion of Causality Based on the Conceptions of Nature of Ibn Rushd and al-Ghazal\u012b","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Discussion of Causality Based on the Conceptions of Nature of Ibn Rushd and al-Ghazal\u012b"},"abstract":"In this short analysis, we will compare Ibn Rushd's justification of the causality principle to the suspicions and objections of al-Ghaz\u0101l\u012b. Nevertheless, our analysis of the issue will center on al-Ghaz\u0101l\u012b's and Ibn Rushd's conceptions of nature. Therefore, our article aims at illuminating two points: first, there is a fundamental difference between the conceptions of nature and generation of the two philosophers; second, this structural difference constitutes the real cause of disagreement over the causality principle.","btype":3,"date":"2010","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"10.12730\/13091719.2010.12 (refers to the whole issue of the magazine)","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":38,"category_name":"Natural Philosophy","link":"bib?categories[]=Natural Philosophy"},{"id":14,"category_name":"al-\u0120az\u0101l\u012b","link":"bib?categories[]=al-\u0120az\u0101l\u012b"},{"id":31,"category_name":"Metaphysics","link":"bib?categories[]=Metaphysics"}],"authors":[{"id":1425,"full_name":"Mehmet Fatih Birg\u00fcl","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":1636,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Ilahiyat Studies. A Journal on Islamic and Religious Studies","volume":"1","issue":"2","pages":"241\u2013258"}},"sort":[2010]}

Why Did Fourteenth-Century Jews Turn to Alghazali's Account of Natural Science?, 2001
By: Steven Harvey
Title Why Did Fourteenth-Century Jews Turn to Alghazali's Account of Natural Science?
Type Article
Language English
Date 2001
Journal The Jewish Quarterly Review
Volume 91
Issue No. 3/4
Pages 359-376
Categories al-Ġazālī, Natural Philosophy, Science
Author(s) Steven Harvey
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5745","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5745,"authors_free":[{"id":6653,"entry_id":5745,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":642,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Steven Harvey","free_first_name":"Steven ","free_last_name":"Harvey","norm_person":{"id":642,"first_name":"Steven","last_name":"Harvey","full_name":"Steven Harvey","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1051482674","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/97890242","db_url":"NULL","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Steven Harvey"}}],"entry_title":"Why Did Fourteenth-Century Jews Turn to Alghazali's Account of Natural Science?","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Why Did Fourteenth-Century Jews Turn to Alghazali's Account of Natural Science?"},"abstract":"","btype":3,"date":"2001","language":"English","online_url":"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/1455551","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/1455551","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":14,"category_name":"al-\u0120az\u0101l\u012b","link":"bib?categories[]=al-\u0120az\u0101l\u012b"},{"id":38,"category_name":"Natural Philosophy","link":"bib?categories[]=Natural Philosophy"},{"id":56,"category_name":"Science","link":"bib?categories[]=Science"}],"authors":[{"id":642,"full_name":"Steven Harvey","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5745,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"The Jewish Quarterly Review","volume":"91","issue":"No. 3\/4","pages":"359-376"}},"sort":[2001]}

Three commentaries of Averroes, 1959
By: Nicholas Rescher
Title Three commentaries of Averroes
Type Article
Language English
Date 1959
Journal The Review of Metaphysics
Volume 12
Issue 3
Pages 440-448
Categories Commentary, Natural Philosophy, Plato, Politics, al-Ġazālī, Relation between Philosophy and Theology
Author(s) Nicholas Rescher
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5493","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5493,"authors_free":[{"id":6368,"entry_id":5493,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1551,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Nicholas Rescher","free_first_name":"Nicholas","free_last_name":"Rescher","norm_person":{"id":1551,"first_name":"Nicholas","last_name":"Rescher","full_name":"Nicholas Rescher","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/118599836","viaf_url":"http:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/108297377","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Nicholas Rescher"}}],"entry_title":"Three commentaries of Averroes","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Three commentaries of Averroes"},"abstract":"","btype":3,"date":"1959","language":"English","online_url":"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/20123714","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":23,"category_name":"Commentary","link":"bib?categories[]=Commentary"},{"id":38,"category_name":"Natural Philosophy","link":"bib?categories[]=Natural Philosophy"},{"id":20,"category_name":"Plato","link":"bib?categories[]=Plato"},{"id":4,"category_name":"Politics","link":"bib?categories[]=Politics"},{"id":14,"category_name":"al-\u0120az\u0101l\u012b","link":"bib?categories[]=al-\u0120az\u0101l\u012b"},{"id":47,"category_name":"Relation between Philosophy and Theology","link":"bib?categories[]=Relation between Philosophy and Theology"}],"authors":[{"id":1551,"full_name":"Nicholas Rescher","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5493,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"The Review of Metaphysics","volume":"12","issue":"3","pages":"440-448"}},"sort":[1959]}

Discussion of Causality Based on the Conceptions of Nature of Ibn Rushd and al-Ghazalī, 2010
By: Mehmet Fatih Birgül
Title Discussion of Causality Based on the Conceptions of Nature of Ibn Rushd and al-Ghazalī
Type Article
Language English
Date 2010
Journal Ilahiyat Studies. A Journal on Islamic and Religious Studies
Volume 1
Issue 2
Pages 241–258
Categories Natural Philosophy, al-Ġazālī, Metaphysics
Author(s) Mehmet Fatih Birgül
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
In this short analysis, we will compare Ibn Rushd's justification of the causality principle to the suspicions and objections of al-Ghazālī. Nevertheless, our analysis of the issue will center on al-Ghazālī's and Ibn Rushd's conceptions of nature. Therefore, our article aims at illuminating two points: first, there is a fundamental difference between the conceptions of nature and generation of the two philosophers; second, this structural difference constitutes the real cause of disagreement over the causality principle.

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"1636","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1636,"authors_free":[{"id":1892,"entry_id":1636,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1425,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Mehmet Fatih Birg\u00fcl","free_first_name":"Mehmet","free_last_name":"Fatih Birg\u00fcl","norm_person":{"id":1425,"first_name":"Mehmet","last_name":"Fatih Birg\u00fcl","full_name":"Mehmet Fatih Birg\u00fcl","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"","viaf_url":"http:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/101480661","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Mehmet Fatih Birg\u00fcl"}}],"entry_title":"Discussion of Causality Based on the Conceptions of Nature of Ibn Rushd and al-Ghazal\u012b","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Discussion of Causality Based on the Conceptions of Nature of Ibn Rushd and al-Ghazal\u012b"},"abstract":"In this short analysis, we will compare Ibn Rushd's justification of the causality principle to the suspicions and objections of al-Ghaz\u0101l\u012b. Nevertheless, our analysis of the issue will center on al-Ghaz\u0101l\u012b's and Ibn Rushd's conceptions of nature. Therefore, our article aims at illuminating two points: first, there is a fundamental difference between the conceptions of nature and generation of the two philosophers; second, this structural difference constitutes the real cause of disagreement over the causality principle.","btype":3,"date":"2010","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"10.12730\/13091719.2010.12 (refers to the whole issue of the magazine)","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":38,"category_name":"Natural Philosophy","link":"bib?categories[]=Natural Philosophy"},{"id":14,"category_name":"al-\u0120az\u0101l\u012b","link":"bib?categories[]=al-\u0120az\u0101l\u012b"},{"id":31,"category_name":"Metaphysics","link":"bib?categories[]=Metaphysics"}],"authors":[{"id":1425,"full_name":"Mehmet Fatih Birg\u00fcl","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":1636,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Ilahiyat Studies. A Journal on Islamic and Religious Studies","volume":"1","issue":"2","pages":"241\u2013258"}},"sort":["Discussion of Causality Based on the Conceptions of Nature of Ibn Rushd and al-Ghazal\u012b"]}

Redefining the Miraculous: al-Ghazâlî, Ibn Rushd and Said Nursi on Qur’anic Miracle Stories, 2011
By: Isra Yazicioglu
Title Redefining the Miraculous: al-Ghazâlî, Ibn Rushd and Said Nursi on Qur’anic Miracle Stories
Translation إعادة تحديد اﻷمر المعجز: آراء الغزالي وابن رشد وسعيد النورسي في قصص المعجزات
Type Article
Language English
Date 2011
Journal Journal of Qur’anic Studies
Volume 13
Issue 2
Pages 86–108
Categories Natural Philosophy, Theology, al-Ġazālī
Author(s) Isra Yazicioglu
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
Miracle stories in sacred texts have been a source of both fascination and heated debate across religious traditions. Qur'anic miracle stories are especially interesting because they are part of a discourse that also de-emphasises the miraculous. By looking at how three scholars have engaged with Qur'anic miracle stories, I here investigate how these narratives have been interpreted in diverse and fruitful ways. The first part of the article analyses how two medieval scholars, al-Ghazālī (d. 505/1 111) and Ibn Rushd (d. 595/1198), engaged with the implications of miracle stories. Taking his cue from miracle stories, al-Ghazālī offered a sophisticated critique of natural determinism and suggested that the natural order should be perceived as a constantly renewed divine gift. In contrast, Ibn Rushd dismissed al-Ghazālī's critique as sophistry and maintained that accepting the possibility that the natural order might be suspended was an affront to human knowledge and science. In the second part, I turn to Bediuzzaman Said Nursi (1870-1960), whose interpretation offers a crystallisation of al-Ghazālī's insights as well as, surprisingly, an indirect confirmation of Ibn Rushd's concerns about human knowledge and science. Nursi redefines the miraculous in light of miracle stories, and interprets them as reminders of 'everyday miracles' and as encouragements to improve science and technology in God's name. ظلت قصص المعجزات في الكتب الديننة أمراﹰ شائقاﹰ ومدار جدل ساخن في تعاليم اﻷديان المختلفة. وقصص المعجزات في القرآن ذات أهمية ﺧﺎﺻﺔ فهي جزء من خطاب يزيل ـ أيضاﹰ ـ التركيز على المعجز. وبالنظر في كيفية تعامل ﺛﻼﺛﺔ من العلماء مع قصص المعجزات أحاول في هذا المقال أن أتبين كيف تم تفسير هذه القصص بطرق مختلفة ومثمرة معاﹰ. وفي الجزء اﻷول من المقال نحلل كيف تعامل مفكران من الماضي هما الغزالي (ت 1111/505 ﻫ) وابن رشد (ت 1198/59 ﻫ) مع مضامين قصص المعجزات. فبناء على قصص المعجزات عرض الغزالي نقداﹰ حصيفاﹰ للحتمية الطبيعية واقترح أن تنظر ﺇلى الوضع الطبيعي على أنه منحة إلهية تتجدد باستمرار. وفي المقابل رفض ابن رشد نقد الغزالي واعتبره سفسطة وقال أن قبول احتمال تعطيل الوضع الطبيعي يجابه المعرفة اﻹنسانية والعلم. وفي الحزء الثاني من المقال تتناول بديع الزمان سعيد النورسي (1870 - 1960) الذي يمزج في تفسيره بين فراسة العزالي واهتمام ابن رشد بالمعرفة اﻹنسانية والعلم. ويعيد النورسي تحديد المعجز في ضوء قصص المعجزات ويقول إنها تذكرنا " بالمعجزات اليومية " وتشجعنا على التقدم في العلم والتكنولوجيا باسم اللّه .

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5381","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5381,"authors_free":[{"id":6233,"entry_id":5381,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1754,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Isra Yazicioglu","free_first_name":"Isra","free_last_name":"Yazicioglu","norm_person":{"id":1754,"first_name":"Isra","last_name":"Yazicioglu","full_name":"Isra Yazicioglu","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1050937392","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null,"link":"bib?authors[]=Isra Yazicioglu"}}],"entry_title":"Redefining the Miraculous: al-Ghaz\u00e2l\u00ee, Ibn Rushd and Said Nursi on Qur\u2019anic Miracle Stories","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\ufef7\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632: \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062f \u0648\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632\u0627\u062a","main_title":{"title":"Redefining the Miraculous: al-Ghaz\u00e2l\u00ee, Ibn Rushd and Said Nursi on Qur\u2019anic Miracle Stories"},"abstract":"Miracle stories in sacred texts have been a source of both fascination and heated debate across religious traditions. Qur'anic miracle stories are especially interesting because they are part of a discourse that also de-emphasises the miraculous. By looking at how three scholars have engaged with Qur'anic miracle stories, I here investigate how these narratives have been interpreted in diverse and fruitful ways. The first part of the article analyses how two medieval scholars, al-Ghaz\u0101l\u012b (d. 505\/1 111) and Ibn Rushd (d. 595\/1198), engaged with the implications of miracle stories. Taking his cue from miracle stories, al-Ghaz\u0101l\u012b offered a sophisticated critique of natural determinism and suggested that the natural order should be perceived as a constantly renewed divine gift. In contrast, Ibn Rushd dismissed al-Ghaz\u0101l\u012b's critique as sophistry and maintained that accepting the possibility that the natural order might be suspended was an affront to human knowledge and science. In the second part, I turn to Bediuzzaman Said Nursi (1870-1960), whose interpretation offers a crystallisation of al-Ghaz\u0101l\u012b's insights as well as, surprisingly, an indirect confirmation of Ibn Rushd's concerns about human knowledge and science. Nursi redefines the miraculous in light of miracle stories, and interprets them as reminders of 'everyday miracles' and as encouragements to improve science and technology in God's name.\r\n\r\n\u0638\u0644\u062a \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\ufe70 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0627\ufe70 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\ufef7\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \ufea7\ufe8e\ufebb\ufe94 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0640 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\ufe70 \u0640 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \ufe9b\ufefc\ufe9b\ufe94 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\ufe70. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\ufef7\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a (\u062a 1111\/505 \ufeeb) \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062f (\u062a 1198\/59 \ufeeb) \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0627\ufe70 \u062d\u0635\u064a\u0641\u0627\ufe70 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \ufe87\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062f \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0641\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\ufef9\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0633\u064a (1870 - 1960) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0632\u062c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\ufef9\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0633\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0646\u0627 \" \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \" \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0647 .","btype":3,"date":"2011","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":38,"category_name":"Natural Philosophy","link":"bib?categories[]=Natural Philosophy"},{"id":39,"category_name":"Theology","link":"bib?categories[]=Theology"},{"id":14,"category_name":"al-\u0120az\u0101l\u012b","link":"bib?categories[]=al-\u0120az\u0101l\u012b"}],"authors":[{"id":1754,"full_name":"Isra Yazicioglu","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5381,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Journal of Qur\u2019anic Studies","volume":"13","issue":"2","pages":"86\u2013108"}},"sort":["Redefining the Miraculous: al-Ghaz\u00e2l\u00ee, Ibn Rushd and Said Nursi on Qur\u2019anic Miracle Stories"]}

Three commentaries of Averroes, 1959
By: Nicholas Rescher
Title Three commentaries of Averroes
Type Article
Language English
Date 1959
Journal The Review of Metaphysics
Volume 12
Issue 3
Pages 440-448
Categories Commentary, Natural Philosophy, Plato, Politics, al-Ġazālī, Relation between Philosophy and Theology
Author(s) Nicholas Rescher
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5493","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5493,"authors_free":[{"id":6368,"entry_id":5493,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1551,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Nicholas Rescher","free_first_name":"Nicholas","free_last_name":"Rescher","norm_person":{"id":1551,"first_name":"Nicholas","last_name":"Rescher","full_name":"Nicholas Rescher","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/118599836","viaf_url":"http:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/108297377","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Nicholas Rescher"}}],"entry_title":"Three commentaries of Averroes","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Three commentaries of Averroes"},"abstract":"","btype":3,"date":"1959","language":"English","online_url":"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/20123714","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":23,"category_name":"Commentary","link":"bib?categories[]=Commentary"},{"id":38,"category_name":"Natural Philosophy","link":"bib?categories[]=Natural Philosophy"},{"id":20,"category_name":"Plato","link":"bib?categories[]=Plato"},{"id":4,"category_name":"Politics","link":"bib?categories[]=Politics"},{"id":14,"category_name":"al-\u0120az\u0101l\u012b","link":"bib?categories[]=al-\u0120az\u0101l\u012b"},{"id":47,"category_name":"Relation between Philosophy and Theology","link":"bib?categories[]=Relation between Philosophy and Theology"}],"authors":[{"id":1551,"full_name":"Nicholas Rescher","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5493,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"The Review of Metaphysics","volume":"12","issue":"3","pages":"440-448"}},"sort":["Three commentaries of Averroes"]}

Why Did Fourteenth-Century Jews Turn to Alghazali's Account of Natural Science?, 2001
By: Steven Harvey
Title Why Did Fourteenth-Century Jews Turn to Alghazali's Account of Natural Science?
Type Article
Language English
Date 2001
Journal The Jewish Quarterly Review
Volume 91
Issue No. 3/4
Pages 359-376
Categories al-Ġazālī, Natural Philosophy, Science
Author(s) Steven Harvey
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5745","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5745,"authors_free":[{"id":6653,"entry_id":5745,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":642,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Steven Harvey","free_first_name":"Steven ","free_last_name":"Harvey","norm_person":{"id":642,"first_name":"Steven","last_name":"Harvey","full_name":"Steven Harvey","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1051482674","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/97890242","db_url":"NULL","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Steven Harvey"}}],"entry_title":"Why Did Fourteenth-Century Jews Turn to Alghazali's Account of Natural Science?","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Why Did Fourteenth-Century Jews Turn to Alghazali's Account of Natural Science?"},"abstract":"","btype":3,"date":"2001","language":"English","online_url":"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/1455551","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/1455551","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":14,"category_name":"al-\u0120az\u0101l\u012b","link":"bib?categories[]=al-\u0120az\u0101l\u012b"},{"id":38,"category_name":"Natural Philosophy","link":"bib?categories[]=Natural Philosophy"},{"id":56,"category_name":"Science","link":"bib?categories[]=Science"}],"authors":[{"id":642,"full_name":"Steven Harvey","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5745,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"The Jewish Quarterly Review","volume":"91","issue":"No. 3\/4","pages":"359-376"}},"sort":["Why Did Fourteenth-Century Jews Turn to Alghazali's Account of Natural Science?"]}

  • PAGE 1 OF 1