{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5356","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5356,"authors_free":[{"id":6207,"entry_id":5356,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1347,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Rosalie Helena de Souza Pereira","free_first_name":"Rosalie Helena","free_last_name":"de Souza Pereira","norm_person":{"id":1347,"first_name":"Rosalie Helena","last_name":"de Souza Pereira","full_name":"Rosalie Helena de Souza Pereira","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"","viaf_url":"http:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/121640755","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Rosalie Helena de Souza Pereira"}}],"entry_title":"The Essential Qualities of the Ruler in Averroes\u2019s Commentary on Plato\u2019s \u201cRepublic\u201d","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"The Essential Qualities of the Ruler in Averroes\u2019s Commentary on Plato\u2019s \u201cRepublic\u201d"},"abstract":"Political discourse in the Islamic world has a threefold classical heritage\u2014 Islamic, Persian, and Greek, each representing a different genre. These three genres of discourse were first elaborated under the same historical circumstances in the tenth century, often by the same authors.\r\n\r\nThe religious discourse includes the political, since it has a dual function: on the one hand, it aims to safeguard the prophetic tradition; on the other hand, it aims to administer earthly interests. This discourse culminates in the theory of the imamate elaborated by the jurist Al-M\u0101ward\u012b, which we shall address later\r\n\r\nOf Persian origin, the \u201cmirrors of princes\u201d or royal genre literature portrays the art of ruling and the model of virtue imposed on the prince. It represents a literary genre that predates the emergence of Islam. There are two categories of \u201cmirrors\u201d: those composed through a series of fables, and those organized by ideas and concepts. Those composed of fables, like Kalila and Dimna, tell stories with moral content aimed at teaching moral principles to the ruler; the conceptual \u201cmirrors,\u201d meanwhile, deal with the organization of royal duties, while also conveying political and moral instruction.\r\n\r\nThe influence of Persian and Indian moral thinking in the Islamic tradition precedes the entrance of Greek ethics. Its principal representative is Ibn Muqaffa\u02bf (ca. 720\u2013ca. 756), a courtier of Persian origin who gained fame as a promoter of the refined culture that developed under the Abbasids. Ibn Muqaffa\u02bf was known for integrating the literature of Persian and Indian origins into the Arab milieu. His most celebrated work, Kit\u0101b Kal\u012bla wa-Dimna, is an Arabic version of the collection of Indian fables dating back to the Panjatantra and to the Tantr\u0101khy\u0101yka; this was \u201cdesigned to enrich political talent in the reader, unfolding before his eyes the spectacle of the royal political world, with all its activities, struggles, and evolutions, while at the same time explaining to the reader the interests, passions, and motivations that make each of the players act and the causes and consequences of their behavior.\u201d The transmission of these fables constitutes one of the first monuments of Arabic prose, in which emphasis is given to profane wisdom that teaches political prudence and at the same time celebrates the virtues of friendship.","btype":2,"date":"2022","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/9781800104983.011","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":4,"category_name":"Politics","link":"bib?categories[]=Politics"}],"authors":[{"id":1347,"full_name":"Rosalie Helena de Souza Pereira","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":{"id":5356,"section_of":5346,"pages":"212\u2013232","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":5346,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":4,"language":"en","title":"Plato's Republic in the Islamic Context. New Perspectives on Averroes's Commentary","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"2022","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"","republication_of":0,"online_url":"","online_resources":null,"translation_of":"0","new_edition_of":"0","is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"ti_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/9781800104983","book":{"id":5346,"pubplace":"","publisher":" Boydell & Brewer","series":"","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null},"persons":[{"id":6196,"entry_id":5346,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":" Alexander Orwin","free_first_name":" Alexander","free_last_name":" Orwin","norm_person":null}]}},"article":null},"sort":["The Essential Qualities of the Ruler in Averroes\u2019s Commentary on Plato\u2019s \u201cRepublic\u201d"]}

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5296","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5296,"authors_free":[{"id":6118,"entry_id":5296,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Antony Black","free_first_name":"Antony","free_last_name":"Black","norm_person":null}],"entry_title":"The History of Islamic Political Thought: From the Prophet to the Present","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"The History of Islamic Political Thought: From the Prophet to the Present"},"abstract":"Now in its 2nd edition, this textbook describes and interprets all schools of Islamic political thought, their origins, inter-connections and meaning. It examines the Qur'an, the early Caliphate, classical Islamic philosophy and the political culture of the Ottoman and other empires. It covers major thinkers such as Averroes (Ibn Rushd) and Ibn Taymiyya as well as a number of lesser authors, and Ibn Khaldun is presented as one of the most original political theorists ever. It draws on a wide range of sources including writings on religion, law, philosophy and statecraft expressed in treatises, handbooks and political rhetoric.\r\n\r\nThe new edition analyses the connections between religion and politics, covering the most recent developments in Islamic political thought and the most recent historical scholarship. It ends with a critical survey of reformism (or modernism) and Islamism (or fundamentalism) from the late-19th century up to the present day.","btype":1,"date":"2011","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/9780748647569","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":4,"category_name":"Politics","link":"bib?categories[]=Politics"},{"id":18,"category_name":"Surveys","link":"bib?categories[]=Surveys"}],"authors":[],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":{"id":5296,"pubplace":"Edinburgh University Press","publisher":"Edinburgh University Press","series":"","volume":"","edition_no":"2","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null},"booksection":null,"article":null},"sort":["The History of Islamic Political Thought: From the Prophet to the Present"]}

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"1357","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1357,"authors_free":[{"id":1545,"entry_id":1357,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1151,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Ralph Lerner","free_first_name":"Ralph","free_last_name":"Lerner","norm_person":{"id":1151,"first_name":"Ralph","last_name":"Lerner","full_name":"Ralph Lerner","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/132265346","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/46821891","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Ralph Lerner"}}],"entry_title":"The Philosopher as Legislator","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"The Philosopher as Legislator"},"abstract":null,"btype":2,"date":"2007","language":null,"online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":4,"category_name":"Politics","link":"bib?categories[]=Politics"}],"authors":[{"id":1151,"full_name":"Ralph Lerner","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":{"id":1357,"section_of":166,"pages":"269\u2013283","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":166,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"reference","type":4,"language":null,"title":"Adaptations and Innovations. Studies on the Interaction between Jewish and Islamic Thought and Literature from the Early Middle Ages to the Late Twentieth Century. Dedicated to Professor Joel L. Kraemer","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"short_title":null,"has_no_author":0,"volume":null,"date":"2007","edition_no":null,"free_date":"2007","abstract":null,"republication_of":null,"online_url":null,"online_resources":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"ti_url":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":166,"pubplace":"Paris, Louvain, Dudley","publisher":"Peeters","series":null,"volume":null,"edition_no":null,"valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":["The Philosopher as Legislator"]}

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5499","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5499,"authors_free":[{"id":6377,"entry_id":5499,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1784,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Erwin I. J. Rosenthal","free_first_name":"Erwin I. J.","free_last_name":"Rosenthal","norm_person":{"id":1784,"first_name":"Erwin I. J.","last_name":" Rosenthal","full_name":"Erwin I. J. Rosenthal","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/119453347","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null,"link":"bib?authors[]=Erwin I. J. Rosenthal"}}],"entry_title":"The Place of politics in the philosophy of Ibn Rushd","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"The Place of politics in the philosophy of Ibn Rushd"},"abstract":"","btype":2,"date":"1971","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":4,"category_name":"Politics","link":"bib?categories[]=Politics"}],"authors":[{"id":1784,"full_name":"Erwin I. J. Rosenthal","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":{"id":5499,"section_of":5500,"pages":"60-92","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":5500,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":1,"language":"en","title":"Studia Semitica. Volume II, Islamic themes","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"1971","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"","republication_of":0,"online_url":"","online_resources":null,"translation_of":"0","new_edition_of":"0","is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"ti_url":"","doi_url":"","book":{"id":5500,"pubplace":"Cambridge","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","series":"","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null},"persons":[{"id":6378,"entry_id":5500,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1784,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Erwin I. J. Rosenthal","free_first_name":"Erwin I. J. ","free_last_name":"Rosenthal","norm_person":{"id":1784,"first_name":"Erwin I. J.","last_name":" Rosenthal","full_name":"Erwin I. J. Rosenthal","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/119453347","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}]}},"article":null},"sort":["The Place of politics in the philosophy of Ibn Rushd"]}

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5808","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5808,"authors_free":[{"id":6729,"entry_id":5808,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":903,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Tineke Melkebeek","free_first_name":"Tineke ","free_last_name":"Melkebeek","norm_person":{"id":903,"first_name":"","last_name":"","full_name":"","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]="}}],"entry_title":"The medieval Islamic commentary on Plato\u2019s republic: Ibn Rushd\u2019s perspective on the position and potential of women","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"The medieval Islamic commentary on Plato\u2019s republic: Ibn Rushd\u2019s perspective on the position and potential of women"},"abstract":"This paper investigates the twelfth-century commentary on Plato\u2019s Republic by the Andalusian Muslim philosopher Ibn Rushd (Averroes). Ibn Rushd is considered to be the only Muslim philosopher who commented on the Republic. Written around 375 BC, Plato\u2019s Republic discusses the order and character of a just city-state and contains revolutionary ideas on the position and qualities of women, which remained contested also in Ibn Rushd\u2019s time. This Muslim philosopher is primarily known as the most esteemed commentator of Aristotle. However, for the lack of an Arabic translation of Aristotle\u2019s Politics, Ibn Rushd commented on the political theory of Aristotle\u2019s teacher, i.e. Plato\u2019s Republic, instead. In his commentary, Ibn Rushd juxtaposes examples from Plato\u2019s context and those from contemporary Muslim societies. Notably, when he diverges from the text, he does not drift off toward more patriarchal, Aristotelian interpretations. On the contrary, he argues that women are capable of being rulers and philosophers, that their true competencies remain unknown as long as they are deprived of education, and that this situation is detrimental to the flourishing of the city. This article aims to critically analyse Ibn Rushd\u2019s statements on the position of women, as well as their reception in scholarly literature. ","btype":3,"date":"2021","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"10.24848\/islmlg.11.1.02","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":23,"category_name":"Commentary","link":"bib?categories[]=Commentary"},{"id":20,"category_name":"Plato","link":"bib?categories[]=Plato"},{"id":4,"category_name":"Politics","link":"bib?categories[]=Politics"},{"id":43,"category_name":"Tradition and Reception","link":"bib?categories[]=Tradition and Reception"}],"authors":[{"id":903,"full_name":"","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5808,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":" Islamology","volume":"11","issue":"1","pages":"9-23"}},"sort":["The medieval Islamic commentary on Plato\u2019s republic: Ibn Rushd\u2019s perspective on the position and potential of women"]}