{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5596","_score":null,"_ignored":["booksection.book.abstract.keyword"],"_source":{"id":5596,"authors_free":[{"id":6496,"entry_id":5596,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1854,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"G. Hussein Rassool","free_first_name":"G. Hussein ","free_last_name":"Rassool","norm_person":{"id":1854,"first_name":"G. Hussein","last_name":" Rassool","full_name":"G. Hussein Rassool","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1089357354","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null,"link":"bib?authors[]=G. Hussein Rassool"}},{"id":6497,"entry_id":5596,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":903,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Mugheera M. Luqman","free_first_name":"Mugheera M. ","free_last_name":" Luqman","norm_person":{"id":903,"first_name":"","last_name":"","full_name":"","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]="}}],"entry_title":"Ibn Miskawayh, Ibn Rushd, and Al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Ibn Miskawayh, Ibn Rushd, and Al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b"},"abstract":"In this particular chapter, three physicians Ibn Miskawayh, Ibn Rushd, and Al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b, who made some contributions, directly and indirectly, to the development of psychology, are presented. Ibn Miskawayh can be regarded as one of the earliest positive, educational, cognitive psychologists for his treatise on Tahdh\u012bb al-Akhl\u0101q. In positive psychology, he showed how to reach supreme happiness and its virtues. To reach such state, psychological conditions and environmental factors can shape the supreme happiness of human being. The development of a theory of psychotherapy has also been attributed to Ibn Miskawayh and introduced what is now known as \"self-reinforcement\" and response cost. Ibn Rushd's views on psychology are most fully discussed in his Talkhis Kitab al-Nafs as it \"surpasses other sciences, except for divine science.\" Ibn Rushd described three-fold hierarchy of learning. Ibn Rushd argued that we experience health and illness, and that religious texts contain important information as to how we should behave. What is remarkable with Ibn Rushd is that he examined critically diverse views and argued that all these views are acceptable from different perspectives. Al F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b in his \u0100r\u0101\u02be Ahl al-Mad\u012bnah al-F\u0101\u1e0dilah describes several principles of social psychology using invented exemplars. Al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b suggested that the perfect human being has both theoretical virtue and practical moral virtues. At the heart of Al-Farabi's political philosophy is the concept of happiness in which people cooperate to gain contentment. Al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b used observable realities and experimentation based on clear evidence even though relied on scriptural sources for his intellectual discourse. Al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b wrote on dreams and explained the distinction between dream Interpretation and the nature and trigger of dreams. His writings on the therapeutic effect of music on the soul later influenced modern mental health and treatment.","btype":2,"date":"2023","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"10.4324\/9781003181415-7","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":28,"category_name":"al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b","link":"bib?categories[]=al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b"},{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"}],"authors":[{"id":1854,"full_name":"G. Hussein Rassool","role":1},{"id":903,"full_name":"","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":{"id":5596,"section_of":5595,"pages":"48-55","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":5595,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":1,"language":"en","title":"Foundations of Isl\u0101mic Psychology. From Classical Scholars to Contemporary Thinkers","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"2023","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"Foundations of Isl\u0101mic Psychology: From Classical Scholars to Contemporary Thinkers examines the history of Isl\u0101mic psychology from the Isl\u0101mic Golden age through the early 21st century, giving a thorough look into Isl\u0101mic psychology\u2019s origins, Isl\u0101mic philosophy and theology, and key developments in Isl\u0101mic psychology.\r\n\r\nIn tracing psychology from its origins in early civilisations, ancient philosophy, and religions to the modern discipline of psychology, this book integrates overarching psychological principles and ideas that have shaped the global history of Isl\u0101mic psychology. It examines the legacy of psychology from an Isl\u0101mic perspective, looking at the contributions of early Isl\u0101mic classical scholars and contemporary psychologists, and to introduce how the history of Isl\u0101mic philosophy and sciences has contributed to the development of classical and modern Isl\u0101mic psychology from its founding to the present. With each chapter covering a key thinker or moment, and also covering the globalisation of psychology, the Isl\u0101misation of knowledge, and the decolonisation of psychology, the work critically evaluates the effects of the globalisation of psychology and its lasting impact on indigenous culture.\r\n\r\nThis book aims to engage and inspire students taking undergraduate and graduate courses on Isl\u0101mic psychology, to recognise the power of history in the academic studies of Isl\u0101mic psychology, to connect history to the present and the future, and to think critically. It is also ideal reading for researchers and those undertaking continuing professional development in Isl\u0101mic psychology, psychotherapy, and counselling.","republication_of":0,"online_url":"","online_resources":null,"translation_of":"0","new_edition_of":"0","is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"ti_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4324\/9781003181415","book":{"id":5595,"pubplace":"London ","publisher":"Routledge","series":"","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null},"persons":[{"id":6494,"entry_id":5595,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1854,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"G. Hussein Rassool","free_first_name":"G. Hussein","free_last_name":"Rassool","norm_person":{"id":1854,"first_name":"G. Hussein","last_name":" Rassool","full_name":"G. 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