| Title | Individuation by Matter in Averroes' Metaphysics |
| Type | Article |
| Language | undefined |
| Date | 2007 |
| Journal | Documenti e studi sulla tradizione filosofica medievale |
| Volume | 18 |
| Pages | 187–210 |
| Categories | Metaphysics |
| Author(s) | Matteo Di Giovanni |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Freedom, Contingency, and Rational Power |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2007 |
| Journal | Proceedings and Addresses of the American Philosophical Association |
| Volume | 81 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 49-64 |
| Categories | Metaphysics |
| Author(s) | Calvin Normore |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Access | https://www.jstor.org/stable/27653993 |
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| Title | Creation and Science in the Middle Ages |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2007 |
| Journal | New Blackfriars |
| Volume | 88 |
| Issue | 1018 |
| Pages | 678-689 |
| Categories | Aquinas, Avicenna, Theology, Metaphysics |
| Author(s) | William E. Carroll |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Access | https://www.jstor.org/stable/43251185 |
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| Title | Averroes on God's Knowledge of Particulars |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2006 |
| Journal | Journal of Islamic Studies |
| Volume | 17 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 177–199 |
| Categories | Metaphysics |
| Author(s) | Catarina Belo |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| This article discusses a central issue in the debate between philosophy and theology in the Islamic Middle Ages. In his attempt to show that Greek philosophy was contrary to Islam, theologian al-Ghazzālī charged Muslim philosophers with unbelief (kufr) on three counts: the eternity of the world, bodily resurrection and God's knowledge of particulars. The latter was particularly significant within an Islamic context. If God does not know particulars, how can He know for instance individual prophets or pass judgement on Doomsday? The main target of al-Ghazālī's criticism was Avicenna and his contention that God knows particulars in a universal way. In the Aristotelian epistemological model followed by Avicenna the subject and object of knowledge become one in the epistemological process. Since God is immutable He cannot know particulars in time, therefore He must know individuals insofar as they are universal.In his response to al-Ghazzālī, Averroes' main contribution is his rejection of Avicenna's formulation that God knows particulars in a universal way. Averroes criticizes this view because it does away with the distinction between divine and human knowledge. While in humans the process of knowing entails abstraction of universals from individual substances, God's knowledge cannot be characterized as universal or particular. It is neither particular—because it does not involve sense experience—nor universal—because it is not abstracted from individuals.Consequently, Averroes presents the essence of God's knowledge as at bottom unknowable to the human mind. This position may resemble al-Ghazzālī's overall negative stance concerning our understanding of this issue but in actuality it is radically different. By way of stating what it is not, and by clearly showing the differences between divine and human knowledge, Averroes provides a clearer grasp of what divine knowledge must be like. |
| Online Access | ttps://www.jstor.org/stable/26199485 |
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| Title | On the Arabic Translations of Aristotle's Metaphysics |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2005 |
| Journal | Arabic Sciences and Philosophy |
| Volume | 15 |
| Pages | 241–275 |
| Categories | Metaphysics, Aristotle |
| Author(s) | Amos Bertolacci |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| The article aims at providing a comprehensive account of the process of translation of Aristotle's Metaphysics into Arabic during the Middle Ages. It consists of four sections. In the first three, the historical sources regarding the translations are taken into account. Section 1 offers a new interpretation of the available testimonia, and, on their basis, determines more precisely the original extent of the two major Arabic translations of the Metaphysics (by Usṭāṯ and Isḥāq ibn Ḥunayn). Section 2 surveys the extant translations themselves. Section 3 focuses on the translation of one of the books of the Metaphysics (A), and argues for the existence of an Arabic version of this book different from the extant one, as attested by its quotations in Avicenna and al-Shahrastānī. The fourth section, finally, reconsiders the data gathered in the previous three sections: the Arabic translations of the Metaphysics are divided into three consecutive but distinct phases (9th century; first half of 10th century; second half of the 10th century-beginning of the 11th century), and the main features of each of these phases are indicated. |
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| Title | Veritas filia temporis en Averroes. Comentario a Metafísica II, 1 |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Spanish |
| Date | 2005 |
| Journal | Tópicos. Revista de Filosofía |
| Volume | 29 |
| Pages | 13–28 |
| Categories | Commentary, Metaphysics |
| Author(s) | Rafael Ramón Guerrero |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Averroes, stoutly influenced by Aristotle, affirmed the necessity of experience to increase all knowledge. Truth, thing's last nature, is obtained as time elapses and is only reached by accepting the predecessors's participation. Progress implies tradition and betterment: the former by impelling the development of both culture and intellect, and the latter as a result of a critical screening of diverse opinions, since it facilitates the knowledge of truth and the recognition of error. This scientific progress is reached as a consequence of effort and collaboration. Averroes sustained these ideas in his Commentary to Metaphysics II, 1, distinguishing four parts: a) Man's natural desire of truth and intellect's difficulty for reaching the most intelligible things; b) The predecessors's contribution, by their commentaries and clarifications, and the historical-progressive character of human reason; c) Philosophy, science of truth, as an investigation of complete reality; d) Truth as knowledge of cause, that is to say, the consideration of things as prove of their Author. Averroes also stated that both the Law, through Revelation, and philosophy, through reason, have the same objective, therefore it being compulsory to recur to previous contributions. |
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| Title | Soggetto e statuto della filosofia prima in Averroè |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Italian |
| Date | 2005 |
| Journal | Quaestio |
| Volume | 5 |
| Pages | 345–362 |
| Categories | Metaphysics |
| Author(s) | Giuseppe Roccaro |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Soggetto e statuto della filosofia prima en Averroè |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Italian |
| Date | 2005 |
| Journal | Quaestio |
| Volume | 5 |
| Pages | 345–362 |
| Categories | Metaphysics |
| Author(s) | Giuseppe Roccaro |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"1403","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1403,"authors_free":[{"id":1595,"entry_id":1403,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":845,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Giuseppe Roccaro","free_first_name":"Giuseppe","free_last_name":"Roccaro","norm_person":{"id":845,"first_name":"Giuseppe","last_name":"Roccaro","full_name":"Giuseppe Roccaro","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/15190541X","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/240660625","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Giuseppe Roccaro"}}],"entry_title":"Soggetto e statuto della filosofia prima en Averro\u00e8","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Soggetto e statuto della filosofia prima en Averro\u00e8"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"2005","language":"Italian","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":31,"category_name":"Metaphysics","link":"bib?categories[]=Metaphysics"}],"authors":[{"id":845,"full_name":"Giuseppe Roccaro","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":1403,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Quaestio","volume":"5","issue":null,"pages":"345\u2013362"}},"sort":[2005]}
| Title | Sustancia y forma en Averroes |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Spanish |
| Date | 2004 |
| Journal | Documenti e studi sulla tradizione filosofica medievale |
| Volume | 15 |
| Pages | 287–318 |
| Categories | Metaphysics |
| Author(s) | Josep Puig Montada |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"589","_score":null,"_source":{"id":589,"authors_free":[{"id":740,"entry_id":589,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":343,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Josep Puig Montada","free_first_name":"Josep","free_last_name":"Puig Montada","norm_person":{"id":343,"first_name":"","last_name":"","full_name":"Josep Puig Montada","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/188325034","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/61625512","db_url":"NULL","from_claudius":0,"link":"bib?authors[]=Josep Puig Montada"}}],"entry_title":"Sustancia y forma en Averroes","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Sustancia y forma en Averroes"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"2004","language":"Spanish","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":31,"category_name":"Metaphysics","link":"bib?categories[]=Metaphysics"}],"authors":[{"id":343,"full_name":"Josep Puig Montada","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":589,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Documenti e studi sulla tradizione filosofica medievale","volume":"15","issue":null,"pages":"287\u2013318"}},"sort":[2004]}
| Title | Averroes on the Doctrine of Genus as Matter |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2004 |
| Journal | Documenti e Studi sulla tradizione filosofica medievale |
| Volume | 15 |
| Pages | 255–285 |
| Categories | Metaphysics, Logic |
| Author(s) | Matteo Di Giovanni |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"1561","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1561,"authors_free":[{"id":1792,"entry_id":1561,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":734,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Matteo Di Giovanni","free_first_name":"Matteo","free_last_name":"Di Giovanni","norm_person":{"id":734,"first_name":"Matteo","last_name":"Di Giovanni","full_name":"Matteo di Giovanni","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1130687570","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/9497149368819485980007","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Matteo di Giovanni"}}],"entry_title":"Averroes on the Doctrine of Genus as Matter","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Averroes on the Doctrine of Genus as Matter"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"2004","language":"English","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":31,"category_name":"Metaphysics","link":"bib?categories[]=Metaphysics"},{"id":27,"category_name":"Logic","link":"bib?categories[]=Logic"}],"authors":[{"id":734,"full_name":"Matteo di Giovanni","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":1561,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Documenti e Studi sulla tradizione filosofica medievale","volume":"15","issue":null,"pages":"255\u2013285"}},"sort":[2004]}
| Title | Divergences entre les métaphysiques d'Ibn Rušd et d'Aristote |
| Type | Article |
| Language | French |
| Date | 1982 |
| Journal | Arabica |
| Volume | 29 |
| Pages | 225–245 |
| Categories | Metaphysics, Aristotle |
| Author(s) | Jean Jolivet |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Access | https://www.jstor.org/stable/4056185 |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"566","_score":null,"_source":{"id":566,"authors_free":[{"id":716,"entry_id":566,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":827,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Jean Jolivet","free_first_name":"Jean","free_last_name":"Jolivet","norm_person":{"id":827,"first_name":"Jean","last_name":"Jolivet","full_name":"Jean Jolivet","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/119509997","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/109206927","db_url":"https:\/\/www.deutsche-biographie.de\/pnd119509997.html","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Jean Jolivet"}}],"entry_title":"Divergences entre les m\u00e9taphysiques d'Ibn Ru\u0161d et d'Aristote","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Divergences entre les m\u00e9taphysiques d'Ibn Ru\u0161d et d'Aristote"},"abstract":"","btype":3,"date":"1982","language":"French","online_url":"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/4056185","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":31,"category_name":"Metaphysics","link":"bib?categories[]=Metaphysics"},{"id":21,"category_name":"Aristotle","link":"bib?categories[]=Aristotle"}],"authors":[{"id":827,"full_name":"Jean Jolivet","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":566,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Arabica","volume":"29","issue":null,"pages":"225\u2013245"}},"sort":["Divergences entre les m\u00e9taphysiques d'Ibn Ru\u0161d et d'Aristote"]}
| Title | Does Each of Us Think Our Own Universal? An Averroean Challenge for (Aquinas and) Hervaeus Natalis |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2022 |
| Journal | History of Philosophy Quarterly |
| Volume | 39 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 339-354 |
| Categories | Metaphysics, Psychology |
| Author(s) | Hamid Taieb |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| This paper aims to address a problem faced by any philosopher who treats universals as intentional objects: in defending this thesis, aren't they committed to the view that each of us thinks an individuated universal, since each of us, when thinking of a universal, must have our own intentional object? This problem, which is mentioned by Brentano at the turn of the twentieth century, originated in the Middle Ages in debates initiated by Averroes about the nature of the intellect. It shows up in the later Aquinas, due to his theory of the verbum, which might be interpreted as a sort of intentional object, but it is solved without too much difficulty. It is later found in Hervaeus Natalis, who does accept intentional objects; in contrast to Aquinas, it is not clear that Hervaeus has a good solution to the problem. After first presenting the problem, this paper then turns to its medieval origins by analyzing its occurrence in Aquinas's criticism of Averroes. It then explains why Hervaeus has more difficulties than Aquinas in solving the problem. It concludes with a systematic reflection on the various possible solutions to the problem. |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5805","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5805,"authors_free":[{"id":6726,"entry_id":5805,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":1902,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Hamid Taieb","free_first_name":"Hamid ","free_last_name":"Taieb","norm_person":{"id":1902,"first_name":"Hamid ","last_name":"Taieb","full_name":"Hamid Taieb","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1077921705","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null,"link":"bib?authors[]=Hamid Taieb"}}],"entry_title":"Does Each of Us Think Our Own Universal? An Averroean Challenge for (Aquinas and) Hervaeus Natalis","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Does Each of Us Think Our Own Universal? An Averroean Challenge for (Aquinas and) Hervaeus Natalis"},"abstract":"This paper aims to address a problem faced by any philosopher who treats universals as intentional objects: in defending this thesis, aren't they committed to the view that each of us thinks an individuated universal, since each of us, when thinking of a universal, must have our own intentional object? This problem, which is mentioned by Brentano at the turn of the twentieth century, originated in the Middle Ages in debates initiated by Averroes about the nature of the intellect. It shows up in the later Aquinas, due to his theory of the verbum, which might be interpreted as a sort of intentional object, but it is solved without too much difficulty. It is later found in Hervaeus Natalis, who does accept intentional objects; in contrast to Aquinas, it is not clear that Hervaeus has a good solution to the problem. After first presenting the problem, this paper then turns to its medieval origins by analyzing its occurrence in Aquinas's criticism of Averroes. It then explains why Hervaeus has more difficulties than Aquinas in solving the problem. It concludes with a systematic reflection on the various possible solutions to the problem.","btype":3,"date":"2022","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"10.5406\/21521026.39.4.03","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":31,"category_name":"Metaphysics","link":"bib?categories[]=Metaphysics"},{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"}],"authors":[{"id":1902,"full_name":"Hamid Taieb","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5805,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"History of Philosophy Quarterly","volume":"39","issue":"4","pages":"339-354"}},"sort":["Does Each of Us Think Our Own Universal? An Averroean Challenge for (Aquinas and) Hervaeus Natalis"]}
| Title | El problema de la causalidad en el Tahâfut de Averroes |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Spanish |
| Date | 1994 |
| Journal | Revista española de filosofía medieval |
| Volume | 1 |
| Pages | 75–97 |
| Categories | Metaphysics |
| Author(s) | Idoia Maiza Ozcoidi |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"573","_score":null,"_source":{"id":573,"authors_free":[{"id":723,"entry_id":573,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":829,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Idoia Maiza Ozcoidi","free_first_name":"Idoia","free_last_name":"Maiza Ozcoidi","norm_person":{"id":829,"first_name":"Idoia","last_name":"Maiza Ozcoidi","full_name":"Idoia Maiza Ozcoidi","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/157296261","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/90644995","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Idoia Maiza Ozcoidi"}}],"entry_title":"El problema de la causalidad en el Tah\u00e2fut de Averroes","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"El problema de la causalidad en el Tah\u00e2fut de Averroes"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"1994","language":"Spanish","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":31,"category_name":"Metaphysics","link":"bib?categories[]=Metaphysics"}],"authors":[{"id":829,"full_name":"Idoia Maiza Ozcoidi","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":573,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Revista espa\u00f1ola de filosof\u00eda medieval","volume":"1","issue":null,"pages":"75\u201397"}},"sort":["El problema de la causalidad en el Tah\u00e2fut de Averroes"]}
| Title | En marge des éditions de la Métaphysique d'Averroès. Sur les traces de Nicoleto Vernia |
| Type | Article |
| Language | French |
| Date | 1987 |
| Journal | Medioevo. Rivista di storia della filosofia medievale |
| Volume | 13 |
| Pages | 195–221 |
| Categories | Metaphysics |
| Author(s) | Roland Hissette |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"563","_score":null,"_source":{"id":563,"authors_free":[{"id":713,"entry_id":563,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":789,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Roland Hissette","free_first_name":"Roland","free_last_name":"Hissette","norm_person":{"id":789,"first_name":"Roland","last_name":"Hissette","full_name":"Roland Hissette","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/151152527","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/44447915","db_url":"https:\/\/www.deutsche-biographie.de\/pnd151152527.html","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Roland Hissette"}}],"entry_title":"En marge des \u00e9ditions de la M\u00e9taphysique d'Averro\u00e8s. Sur les traces de Nicoleto Vernia","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"En marge des \u00e9ditions de la M\u00e9taphysique d'Averro\u00e8s. Sur les traces de Nicoleto Vernia"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"1987","language":"French","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":31,"category_name":"Metaphysics","link":"bib?categories[]=Metaphysics"}],"authors":[{"id":789,"full_name":"Roland Hissette","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":563,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Medioevo. Rivista di storia della filosofia medievale","volume":"13","issue":null,"pages":"195\u2013221"}},"sort":["En marge des \u00e9ditions de la M\u00e9taphysique d'Averro\u00e8s. Sur les traces de Nicoleto Vernia"]}
| Title | Esencia y existencia en Avicenna y Averroes |
| Translation | Essence and Existence in Avicenna and Averroes |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Spanish |
| Date | 2009 |
| Journal | Al-Qanṭara |
| Volume | 30 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 403–426 |
| Categories | Metaphysics |
| Author(s) | Catarina Belo |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| This article explores the views on existence of medieval Muslim philosophers Avicenna (d. 1037) and Averroes (d. 1198), whose works followed closely the philosophy of Aristotle. In addition to the Aristotelian influence, which permeated all medieval Islamic philosophy, Avicenna and Averroes were also inspired by Islamic theology, known in Arabic as kalām. The distinction between essence and existence is one of the most central and controversial aspects of Avicenna's philosophy, together with his claim that existence is an accident. Averroes in turn has a radically different conception of existence, identifying it with existing beings rather than considering it as something in itself. With the Latin translation of Avicenna's metaphysical works in the 12th century, the Avicennian distinction went on to shape much of the debate on existence in medieval Scholastic philosophy and beyond. This article assesses the meaning of the distinction in Avicenna as well as Averroes' criticism. In explicating their radically different views on existence, it also touches on later discussions concerning existence, for example the issue whether existence is a predicate, in the Modern Age. |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"1379","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1379,"authors_free":[{"id":1571,"entry_id":1379,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1254,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Catarina Belo","free_first_name":"Catarina","free_last_name":"Belo","norm_person":{"id":1254,"first_name":"Catarina","last_name":"Belo","full_name":"Catarina Belo","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/132895374","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Catarina Belo"}}],"entry_title":"Esencia y existencia en Avicenna y Averroes","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":"Essence and Existence in Avicenna and Averroes","main_title":{"title":"Esencia y existencia en Avicenna y Averroes"},"abstract":"This article explores the views on existence of medieval Muslim philosophers Avicenna (d. 1037) and Averroes (d. 1198), whose works followed closely the philosophy of Aristotle. In addition to the Aristotelian influence, which permeated all medieval Islamic philosophy, Avicenna and Averroes were also inspired by Islamic theology, known in Arabic as kal\u0101m. The distinction between essence and existence is one of the most central and controversial aspects of Avicenna's philosophy, together with his claim that existence is an accident. Averroes in turn has a radically different conception of existence, identifying it with existing beings rather than considering it as something in itself. With the Latin translation of Avicenna's metaphysical works in the 12th century, the Avicennian distinction went on to shape much of the debate on existence in medieval Scholastic philosophy and beyond. This article assesses the meaning of the distinction in Avicenna as well as Averroes' criticism. In explicating their radically different views on existence, it also touches on later discussions concerning existence, for example the issue whether existence is a predicate, in the Modern Age.","btype":3,"date":"2009","language":"Spanish","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":31,"category_name":"Metaphysics","link":"bib?categories[]=Metaphysics"}],"authors":[{"id":1254,"full_name":"Catarina Belo","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":1379,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Al-Qan\u1e6dara","volume":"30","issue":"2","pages":"403\u2013426"}},"sort":["Esencia y existencia en Avicenna y Averroes"]}
| Title | Freedom, Contingency, and Rational Power |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2007 |
| Journal | Proceedings and Addresses of the American Philosophical Association |
| Volume | 81 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 49-64 |
| Categories | Metaphysics |
| Author(s) | Calvin Normore |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Access | https://www.jstor.org/stable/27653993 |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5761","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5761,"authors_free":[{"id":6671,"entry_id":5761,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1893,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Calvin Normore","free_first_name":"Calvin ","free_last_name":"Normore","norm_person":{"id":1893,"first_name":"Calvin ","last_name":"Normore","full_name":"Calvin Normore","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1147170576","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null,"link":"bib?authors[]=Calvin Normore"}}],"entry_title":"Freedom, Contingency, and Rational Power","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Freedom, Contingency, and Rational Power"},"abstract":"","btype":3,"date":"2007","language":"English","online_url":"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/27653993","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":31,"category_name":"Metaphysics","link":"bib?categories[]=Metaphysics"}],"authors":[{"id":1893,"full_name":"Calvin Normore","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5761,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Proceedings and Addresses of the American Philosophical Association","volume":"81","issue":"2","pages":"49-64"}},"sort":["Freedom, Contingency, and Rational Power"]}
| Title | Generazione verticale, generazione orizzontale: il principio di sinonimia nel Commento grande di Averroè al Libro Z della Metafisica di Aristotle |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Italian |
| Date | 2009 |
| Journal | Chôra. Revue d’Études anciennes et médiévales |
| Volume | 7-8 |
| Issue | 2009-2010 |
| Pages | 133-62 |
| Categories | Commentary, Aristotle, Metaphysics, Avicenna |
| Author(s) | Cristina Cerami |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Le but de cet article est d’analyser l’interprétation qu’Averroès propose de l’étude de la génération spontanée développée par Aristote dans le chapitre 9 du livre Z de la Métaphysique et montrer que pour Averroès le véritable enjeu de cette étude est celui de démontrer que l’agent et le produit de la génération ont une même forme. C’est cette thèse, en effet, qui d’après le Cordouan permet en dernière instance d’instaurer entre le monde céleste et le monde terrestre une causalité, pour ainsi dire, «perpendiculaire» qui sauve à la fois l’efficacité des causes secondes et celle de la cause première qui agit par l’intermédiaire des causes célestes. Ce nouveau cadre cosmologico-ontologique apparaît manifestement comme le produit d’une stratégie menée directement contre Avicenne, car le but ultime d’Averroès est de substituer sa propre théorie de l’Artisan divin à la théorie platonicienne de la création démiurgique, à laquelle il assimile la théorie avicennienne d’une donation des formes par une Intelligence cosmique. |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5338","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5338,"authors_free":[{"id":6184,"entry_id":5338,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1285,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Cristina Cerami","free_first_name":"Cristina","free_last_name":"Cerami","norm_person":{"id":1285,"first_name":"Cristina","last_name":"Cerami","full_name":"Cristina Cerami","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/139713840","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/317111513","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Cristina Cerami"}}],"entry_title":"Generazione verticale, generazione orizzontale: il principio di sinonimia nel Commento grande di Averro\u00e8 al Libro Z della Metafisica di Aristotle","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Generazione verticale, generazione orizzontale: il principio di sinonimia nel Commento grande di Averro\u00e8 al Libro Z della Metafisica di Aristotle"},"abstract":"Le but de cet article est d\u2019analyser l\u2019interpr\u00e9tation qu\u2019Averro\u00e8s propose de l\u2019\u00e9tude de la g\u00e9n\u00e9ration spontan\u00e9e d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e par Aristote dans le chapitre 9 du livre Z de la M\u00e9taphysique et montrer que pour Averro\u00e8s le v\u00e9ritable enjeu de cette \u00e9tude est celui de d\u00e9montrer que l\u2019agent et le produit de la g\u00e9n\u00e9ration ont une m\u00eame forme. C\u2019est cette th\u00e8se, en effet, qui d\u2019apr\u00e8s le Cordouan permet en derni\u00e8re instance d\u2019instaurer entre le monde c\u00e9leste et le monde terrestre une causalit\u00e9, pour ainsi dire, \u00abperpendiculaire\u00bb qui sauve \u00e0 la fois l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 des causes secondes et celle de la cause premi\u00e8re qui agit par l\u2019interm\u00e9diaire des causes c\u00e9lestes. Ce nouveau cadre cosmologico-ontologique appara\u00eet manifestement comme le produit d\u2019une strat\u00e9gie men\u00e9e directement contre Avicenne, car le but ultime d\u2019Averro\u00e8s est de substituer sa propre th\u00e9orie de l\u2019Artisan divin \u00e0 la th\u00e9orie platonicienne de la cr\u00e9ation d\u00e9miurgique, \u00e0 laquelle il assimile la th\u00e9orie avicennienne d\u2019une donation des formes par une Intelligence cosmique.","btype":3,"date":"2009","language":"Italian","online_url":"","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":23,"category_name":"Commentary","link":"bib?categories[]=Commentary"},{"id":21,"category_name":"Aristotle","link":"bib?categories[]=Aristotle"},{"id":31,"category_name":"Metaphysics","link":"bib?categories[]=Metaphysics"},{"id":10,"category_name":"Avicenna","link":"bib?categories[]=Avicenna"}],"authors":[{"id":1285,"full_name":"Cristina Cerami","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5338,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Ch\u00f4ra. Revue d\u2019\u00c9tudes anciennes et m\u00e9di\u00e9vales","volume":" 7-8","issue":"2009-2010","pages":"133-62"}},"sort":["Generazione verticale, generazione orizzontale: il principio di sinonimia nel Commento grande di Averro\u00e8 al Libro Z della Metafisica di Aristotle"]}
| Title | Gersonides' Lost Commentary on the Metaphysics |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 1998 |
| Journal | Medieval Encounters |
| Volume | 4 |
| Pages | 130–157 |
| Categories | Metaphysics |
| Author(s) | Ruth Glasner |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"561","_score":null,"_source":{"id":561,"authors_free":[{"id":711,"entry_id":561,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":737,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Ruth Glasner","free_first_name":"Ruth","free_last_name":"Glasner","norm_person":{"id":737,"first_name":"Ruth","last_name":"Glasner","full_name":"Ruth Glasner","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/138576793","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/46394953","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Ruth Glasner"}}],"entry_title":"Gersonides' Lost Commentary on the Metaphysics","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Gersonides' Lost Commentary on the Metaphysics"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"1998","language":"English","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":31,"category_name":"Metaphysics","link":"bib?categories[]=Metaphysics"}],"authors":[{"id":737,"full_name":"Ruth Glasner","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":561,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Medieval Encounters","volume":"4","issue":null,"pages":"130\u2013157"}},"sort":["Gersonides' Lost Commentary on the Metaphysics"]}
| Title | Greek, Arabic and Latin Commentators on Per Se Accidents of Being qua Being and the Place of Aristotle, Metaphysics, Book Iota |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2011 |
| Journal | Documenti e Studi sulla tradizione filosofica medievale |
| Volume | 22 |
| Pages | 153–208 |
| Categories | Commentary, Metaphysics, Aristotle |
| Author(s) | Laura Maria Castelli |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"1765","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1765,"authors_free":[{"id":2036,"entry_id":1765,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1498,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Laura Maria Castelli","free_first_name":"Laura Maria","free_last_name":"Castelli","norm_person":{"id":1498,"first_name":"Laura Maria","last_name":"Castelli","full_name":"Laura Maria Castelli","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/143083910","viaf_url":"http:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/161062580","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Laura Maria Castelli"}}],"entry_title":"Greek, Arabic and Latin Commentators on Per Se Accidents of Being qua Being and the Place of Aristotle, Metaphysics, Book Iota","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Greek, Arabic and Latin Commentators on Per Se Accidents of Being qua Being and the Place of Aristotle, Metaphysics, Book Iota"},"abstract":"","btype":3,"date":"2011","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":23,"category_name":"Commentary","link":"bib?categories[]=Commentary"},{"id":31,"category_name":"Metaphysics","link":"bib?categories[]=Metaphysics"},{"id":21,"category_name":"Aristotle","link":"bib?categories[]=Aristotle"}],"authors":[{"id":1498,"full_name":"Laura Maria Castelli","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":1765,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Documenti e Studi sulla tradizione filosofica medievale","volume":"22","issue":null,"pages":"153\u2013208"}},"sort":["Greek, Arabic and Latin Commentators on Per Se Accidents of Being qua Being and the Place of Aristotle, Metaphysics, Book Iota"]}
| Title | Grek Şârihlerden İbn Rüşd'e Değin Aristoteles'in Theta (Θ) Kitabı'nın Hâricî Tarihi |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Turkish |
| Date | 2019 |
| Journal | Sirnak University Journal of Divinity Faculty / Sirnak Üniversitesi Ilahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi |
| Volume | 10 |
| Issue | 23 |
| Pages | 469-486 |
| Categories | Aristotle, Commentary, Metaphysics, Alexander of Aphrodisias |
| Author(s) | Abdürrezzak Sevindik |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| The purpose of the article is to discuss the external history of the Book of Theta (Metaphysics IX) in the context of Ibn Rushd's commentaries on Metaphysics. Ibn Rushd interpreted the Book of Theta in Talkhīs mā ba'da al-ṭabī'ah based on its meaning and content. Ibn Rushd did not pursue the original composition of Metaphysics in Talkhīs mā ba'da al-ṭabī'ah. However, Ibn Rushd interpreted the Book of Theta in Tafsīr mā ba'da al-ṭabī'ah focusing on the expression and based on the original text. Ibn Rushd pursued the original composition of Metaphysics in Tafsīr mā ba'da al-ṭabī'ah. Thus, Ibn Rushd took advantage of Astat and Isḥāq b. Hunain's arabic translations of the Book of Theta in this interpretation process. Astat and Isḥāq b. Hunain are experts in the translation of Aristotle's works from Greek into Arabic. When Astat and Isḥāq b. Hunain's translation styles are looked at, it is understood that they adhered to the text word by word. In this respect, those translations supported the literary interpretation of Ibn Rushd. On the other hand, Ibn Rushd was influenced by the Greek commentator/Alexander of Aphrodisias in the interpretation of Theta. Alexander of Aphrodisias and Ibn Rushd's interpretation methods based on utterance are similar. In this respect, Ibn Rushd's Commentary of Theta reveals his Aristotelian approach. Makalenin gâyesi, Aristoteles'in Θ/Theta (Metafizik IX.) Kitabı'nın hâricî tarihini İbn Rüşd'ün Metafizik şerhleri bağlamında ortaya koymaktır. İbn Rüşd, Telhîsu Mâ ba'de't-tabî'a'da Theta Kitabı'nı mana ve mahiyetini temel alarak yorumlamış, Metafizik'i oluşturan kitapların özgün dizilimini takip etmemiştir. Buna karşın Tefsîru Mâ ba'de't-tabî'a'da Metafizik'in özgün dizilimini takip etmiş, Θ/Theta Kitabı'nı da orijinal metnini temel alarak ibâre odaklı yorumlamıştır. İbn Rüşd ibâre odaklı yaklaşımı dolayısıyla bu yorum sürecinde Θ/Theta Kitabı'nın Astat/Ustâz/Eustathius-İshak b. Huneyn (ö. M.S. 910) tarafından yapılmış Arapça çevirilerinden yararlanmıştır. Astat ve İshak b. Huneyn, Aristoteles'in eserlerinin doğrudan doğruya Grekçe'den Arapça'ya çevirilerinde ihtisaslaşmış mütercimlerdir. Astat'ın ve İshak b. Huneyn'in çeviri tavırlarına bakıldığında Grekçe metne kelime kelime bağlı kaldıkları görülür. Bu yönden söz konusu çeviriler, İbn Rüşd'ün lafzî yorumunu desteklemiştir. Diğer yandan İbn Rüşd, Θ/Theta Kitabı yorumunda Grek şârih İskender Afrodisî'den etkilenmiştir. İskender Afrodisî ile İbn Rüşd'ün lafzı temel alan şerh etme yöntemleri benzerdir. Bu bakımdan İbn Rüşd'ün Theta Kitabı Şerhi, onun saf Aristotelesçi yaklaşımını ortaya koyar |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5563","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5563,"authors_free":[{"id":6457,"entry_id":5563,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Abd\u00fcrrezzak Sevindik","free_first_name":"Abd\u00fcrrezzak","free_last_name":"Sevindik","norm_person":null}],"entry_title":"Grek \u015e\u00e2rihlerden \u0130bn R\u00fc\u015fd'e De\u011fin Aristoteles'in Theta (\u0398) Kitab\u0131'n\u0131n H\u00e2ric\u00ee Tarihi","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Grek \u015e\u00e2rihlerden \u0130bn R\u00fc\u015fd'e De\u011fin Aristoteles'in Theta (\u0398) Kitab\u0131'n\u0131n H\u00e2ric\u00ee Tarihi"},"abstract":"The purpose of the article is to discuss the external history of the Book of Theta (Metaphysics IX) in the context of Ibn Rushd's commentaries on Metaphysics. Ibn Rushd interpreted the Book of Theta in Talkh\u012bs m\u0101 ba'da al-\u1e6dab\u012b'ah based on its meaning and content. Ibn Rushd did not pursue the original composition of Metaphysics in Talkh\u012bs m\u0101 ba'da al-\u1e6dab\u012b'ah. However, Ibn Rushd interpreted the Book of Theta in Tafs\u012br m\u0101 ba'da al-\u1e6dab\u012b'ah focusing on the expression and based on the original text. Ibn Rushd pursued the original composition of Metaphysics in Tafs\u012br m\u0101 ba'da al-\u1e6dab\u012b'ah. Thus, Ibn Rushd took advantage of Astat and Is\u1e25\u0101q b. Hunain's arabic translations of the Book of Theta in this interpretation process. Astat and Is\u1e25\u0101q b. Hunain are experts in the translation of Aristotle's works from Greek into Arabic. When Astat and Is\u1e25\u0101q b. Hunain's translation styles are looked at, it is understood that they adhered to the text word by word. In this respect, those translations supported the literary interpretation of Ibn Rushd. On the other hand, Ibn Rushd was influenced by the Greek commentator\/Alexander of Aphrodisias in the interpretation of Theta. Alexander of Aphrodisias and Ibn Rushd's interpretation methods based on utterance are similar. In this respect, Ibn Rushd's Commentary of Theta reveals his Aristotelian approach.\r\n\r\nMakalenin g\u00e2yesi, Aristoteles'in \u0398\/Theta (Metafizik IX.) Kitab\u0131'n\u0131n h\u00e2ric\u00ee tarihini \u0130bn R\u00fc\u015fd'\u00fcn Metafizik \u015ferhleri ba\u011flam\u0131nda ortaya koymakt\u0131r. \u0130bn R\u00fc\u015fd, Telh\u00eesu M\u00e2 ba'de't-tab\u00ee'a'da Theta Kitab\u0131'n\u0131 mana ve mahiyetini temel alarak yorumlam\u0131\u015f, Metafizik'i olu\u015fturan kitaplar\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcn dizilimini takip etmemi\u015ftir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n Tefs\u00eeru M\u00e2 ba'de't-tab\u00ee'a'da Metafizik'in \u00f6zg\u00fcn dizilimini takip etmi\u015f, \u0398\/Theta Kitab\u0131'n\u0131 da orijinal metnini temel alarak ib\u00e2re odakl\u0131 yorumlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130bn R\u00fc\u015fd ib\u00e2re odakl\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu yorum s\u00fcrecinde \u0398\/Theta Kitab\u0131'n\u0131n Astat\/Ust\u00e2z\/Eustathius-\u0130shak b. Huneyn (\u00f6. M.S. 910) taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Arap\u00e7a \u00e7evirilerinden yararlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Astat ve \u0130shak b. Huneyn, Aristoteles'in eserlerinin do\u011frudan do\u011fruya Grek\u00e7e'den Arap\u00e7a'ya \u00e7evirilerinde ihtisasla\u015fm\u0131\u015f m\u00fctercimlerdir. Astat'\u0131n ve \u0130shak b. Huneyn'in \u00e7eviri tav\u0131rlar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Grek\u00e7e metne kelime kelime ba\u011fl\u0131 kald\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bu y\u00f6nden s\u00f6z konusu \u00e7eviriler, \u0130bn R\u00fc\u015fd'\u00fcn lafz\u00ee yorumunu desteklemi\u015ftir. Di\u011fer yandan \u0130bn R\u00fc\u015fd, \u0398\/Theta Kitab\u0131 yorumunda Grek \u015f\u00e2rih \u0130skender Afrodis\u00ee'den etkilenmi\u015ftir. \u0130skender Afrodis\u00ee ile \u0130bn R\u00fc\u015fd'\u00fcn lafz\u0131 temel alan \u015ferh etme y\u00f6ntemleri benzerdir. Bu bak\u0131mdan \u0130bn R\u00fc\u015fd'\u00fcn Theta Kitab\u0131 \u015eerhi, onun saf Aristoteles\u00e7i yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyar","btype":3,"date":"2019","language":"Turkish","online_url":"","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":21,"category_name":"Aristotle","link":"bib?categories[]=Aristotle"},{"id":23,"category_name":"Commentary","link":"bib?categories[]=Commentary"},{"id":31,"category_name":"Metaphysics","link":"bib?categories[]=Metaphysics"},{"id":15,"category_name":"Alexander of Aphrodisias","link":"bib?categories[]=Alexander of Aphrodisias"}],"authors":[],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5563,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Sirnak University Journal of Divinity Faculty \/ Sirnak \u00dcniversitesi Ilahiyat Fak\u00fcltesi Dergisi","volume":"10","issue":"23","pages":"469-486"}},"sort":["Grek \u015e\u00e2rihlerden \u0130bn R\u00fc\u015fd'e De\u011fin Aristoteles'in Theta (\u0398) Kitab\u0131'n\u0131n H\u00e2ric\u00ee Tarihi"]}