| Title | Varieties of consciousness in classical Arabic thought: Avicenna, Averroes, and the mutakallimūn |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2023 |
| Journal | British journal for the history of philosophy |
| Volume | ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) |
| Pages | 1-22 |
| Categories | Psychology |
| Author(s) | Deborah L. Black |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| In classical Arabic philosophy, the topic of consciousness is commonly associated with Avicenna's ‘Flying Man’ thought experiment. But Avicenna's explorations of the nature of consciousness are not confined to the Flying Man, and he is by no means the only classical Islamic thinker to deem consciousness an important feature of our experience. Consciousness also plays a important role in the epistemology and moral psychology of Avicenna's intellectual rivals, the theologians (mutakallumūn), who represent important sources for Avicenna's own theorizing about consciousness. And while Avicenna's philosophical successor and critic, Averroes, seems to banish consciousness from the core of his cognitive psychology, in doing so he seems to anticipate contemporary efforts to expand the scope of consciousness through the notion of the ‘extended’ mind. This paper examines the varieties of consciousness recognized by Avicenna and several other classical Islamic thinkers with a view to understanding the extent to which their accounts can be mapped on to some of the concepts of consciousness delineated by contemporary philosophers of mind. |
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| Title | Aproximación al tema de la visión de la oscuridad en De Anima II 7 desde los comentarios de Averroes |
| Translation | Approach to the topic of the vision of darkness in De Anima II 7 from the comments of Averroes |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Spanish |
| Date | 2022 |
| Journal | Kriterion: Revista de Filosofia |
| Volume | 63 |
| Issue | 152 |
| Pages | 515 – 534 |
| Categories | Commentary, Aristotle, De anima, Psychology |
| Author(s) | Desiderio Parrilla |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| El problema de la “visión escotópica”, o visión bajo condiciones de oscuridad parcial o total, es uno de los tópicos más enigmáticos y menos estudiados de la psicología aristotélica. En el artículo exponemos la exégesis de Averroes acerca de este asunto. Señalamos una dificultad que surge en el Comentario mayor en torno a algunos términos utilizados para designar la oscuridad en el conjunto de la teoría. Proponemos como solución una interpretación moderada del asunto, acorde con el “principio de economía” y la exégesis tradicional de los comentaristas. The problem of “scotopic vision”, or vision under conditions of partial or total darkness, is one of the most enigmatic and least studied topics in Aristotelian psychology. In the article we present the exegesis of Averroes on this matter. We point out a dificulty that arises in the Great Commentary around some terms used to designate the obscurity in the whole of the theory. We propose as a solution a moderate interpretation of the matter, in accordance with the “principle of economy” and the traditional exegesis of the commentators. |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5558","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5558,"authors_free":[{"id":6452,"entry_id":5558,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":1844,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Desiderio Parrilla","free_first_name":"Desiderio ","free_last_name":"Parrilla","norm_person":{"id":1844,"first_name":"Desiderio ","last_name":"Parrilla","full_name":"Desiderio Parrilla","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1197179534","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null,"link":"bib?authors[]=Desiderio Parrilla"}}],"entry_title":"Aproximaci\u00f3n al tema de la visi\u00f3n de la oscuridad en De Anima II 7 desde los comentarios de Averroes","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"Approach to the topic of the vision of darkness in De Anima II 7 from the comments of Averroes","main_title":{"title":"Aproximaci\u00f3n al tema de la visi\u00f3n de la oscuridad en De Anima II 7 desde los comentarios de Averroes"},"abstract":"El problema de la \u201cvisi\u00f3n escot\u00f3pica\u201d, o visi\u00f3n bajo condiciones de oscuridad parcial o total, es uno de los t\u00f3picos m\u00e1s enigm\u00e1ticos y menos estudiados de la psicolog\u00eda aristot\u00e9lica. En el art\u00edculo exponemos la ex\u00e9gesis de Averroes acerca de este asunto. Se\u00f1alamos una dificultad que surge en el Comentario mayor en torno a algunos t\u00e9rminos utilizados para designar la oscuridad en el conjunto de la teor\u00eda. Proponemos como soluci\u00f3n una interpretaci\u00f3n moderada del asunto, acorde con el \u201cprincipio de econom\u00eda\u201d y la ex\u00e9gesis tradicional de los comentaristas.\r\n\r\nThe problem of \u201cscotopic vision\u201d, or vision under conditions of partial or total darkness, is one of the most enigmatic and least studied topics in Aristotelian psychology. In the article we present the exegesis of Averroes on this matter. We point out a dificulty that arises in the Great Commentary around some terms used to designate the obscurity in the whole of the theory. We propose as a solution a moderate interpretation of the matter, in accordance with the \u201cprinciple of economy\u201d and the traditional exegesis of the commentators.","btype":3,"date":"2022","language":"Spanish","online_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/0100-512x2022n15212dp","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":23,"category_name":"Commentary","link":"bib?categories[]=Commentary"},{"id":21,"category_name":"Aristotle","link":"bib?categories[]=Aristotle"},{"id":46,"category_name":"De anima","link":"bib?categories[]=De anima"},{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"}],"authors":[{"id":1844,"full_name":"Desiderio Parrilla","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5558,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Kriterion: Revista de Filosofia","volume":"63","issue":"152","pages":"515 \u2013 534"}},"sort":[2022]}
| Title | Does Each of Us Think Our Own Universal? An Averroean Challenge for (Aquinas and) Hervaeus Natalis |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2022 |
| Journal | History of Philosophy Quarterly |
| Volume | 39 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 339-354 |
| Categories | Metaphysics, Psychology |
| Author(s) | Hamid Taieb |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| This paper aims to address a problem faced by any philosopher who treats universals as intentional objects: in defending this thesis, aren't they committed to the view that each of us thinks an individuated universal, since each of us, when thinking of a universal, must have our own intentional object? This problem, which is mentioned by Brentano at the turn of the twentieth century, originated in the Middle Ages in debates initiated by Averroes about the nature of the intellect. It shows up in the later Aquinas, due to his theory of the verbum, which might be interpreted as a sort of intentional object, but it is solved without too much difficulty. It is later found in Hervaeus Natalis, who does accept intentional objects; in contrast to Aquinas, it is not clear that Hervaeus has a good solution to the problem. After first presenting the problem, this paper then turns to its medieval origins by analyzing its occurrence in Aquinas's criticism of Averroes. It then explains why Hervaeus has more difficulties than Aquinas in solving the problem. It concludes with a systematic reflection on the various possible solutions to the problem. |
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| Title | Ibn Rushd on Knowledge, Pleasures, and Analogy |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2021 |
| Journal | Philosophy and Scienes in Muslim Contexts |
| Categories | Logic, Psychology, Metaphysics, Poetics, Rhetoric |
| Author(s) | Fouad Ben Ahmed |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Access | https://philosmus.org/en/archives/894 |
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| Title | A Theory of Judgment in Averroes |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2021 |
| Journal | Arab Studies Quarterly |
| Volume | 43 |
| Issue | No. 3 (Summer 2021) |
| Pages | 268–281 |
| Categories | Linguistics, Politics, Rhetoric, Law, Psychology |
| Author(s) | Rayyan Dabbous |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5404","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5404,"authors_free":[{"id":6265,"entry_id":5404,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Rayyan Dabbous","free_first_name":"Rayyan","free_last_name":"Dabbous","norm_person":null}],"entry_title":"A Theory of Judgment in Averroes","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"A Theory of Judgment in Averroes"},"abstract":"","btype":3,"date":"2021","language":"English","online_url":"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/10.13169\/arabstudquar.43.3.0268","doi_url":"10.2307\/j50005550 ","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":78,"category_name":"Linguistics","link":"bib?categories[]=Linguistics"},{"id":4,"category_name":"Politics","link":"bib?categories[]=Politics"},{"id":48,"category_name":"Rhetoric","link":"bib?categories[]=Rhetoric"},{"id":26,"category_name":"Law","link":"bib?categories[]=Law"},{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"}],"authors":[],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5404,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Arab Studies Quarterly","volume":"43","issue":"No. 3 (Summer 2021)","pages":"268\u2013281"}},"sort":[2021]}
| Title | Sources et origines de la théorie de l’intellect d’Averroès (II) |
| Type | Article |
| Language | French |
| Date | 2021 |
| Journal | Mélanges de l’Université Saint-Joseph |
| Volume | 68 |
| Pages | 135–232 |
| Categories | Psychology, Tradition and Reception, Influence, De anima |
| Author(s) | Marc Geoffroy |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Cette contribution constitue la deuxième partie de la publication, avec quelques mises à jour et aménagements, d’une thèse de doctorat soutenue sous le même intitulé à l’École Pratique des Hautes Études, Paris, en décembre 2009 et dont la première partie a été publiée dans les MUSJ 66 (2015-2016). L’auteur entend, selon une perspective strictement historique, déterminer les sources sur lesquelles s’est appuyé, entre les années cinquante et soixante du xiie siècle (première période de son travail philosophique), Averroès (Ibn Rušd, m. 1198) pour concevoir sa théorie de l’âme et de l’intellect, en référence aux sources péripatéticiennes auxquelles il pouvait avoir accès de son temps. Pour celui qui vaut dans la tradition philosophique comme le « Commentateur » d’Aristote par excellence, il peut paraître étonnant qu’Averroès n’ait eu d’emblée accès qu’à des sources indirectes relatives à la théorie de l’âme du Stagirite, mais ce fut pourtant le cas, comme l’auteur le montre ici. On voit en effet que la doctrine de l’âme exposée par Averroès est essentiellement structurée par l’enseignement d’Alexandre d’Aphrodise et par son De anima. L’aristotélisme d’Averroès apparaît de ce point de vue comme un aristotélisme sans Aristote, et ceci allait refluer de manière décisive sur l’exégèse d’Averroès une fois qu’il se serait emparé de l’écrit du Stagirite, notamment et surtout pour expliquer les chapitres 4 et 5 du livre III du De anima (sur l’intellect en puissance et l’intellect agent). |
| Online Access | https://journals.usj.edu.lb/melanges/article/view/546 |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5045","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5045,"authors_free":[{"id":5794,"entry_id":5045,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":955,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Marc Geoffroy","free_first_name":"Marc","free_last_name":"Geoffroy","norm_person":{"id":955,"first_name":"Marc","last_name":"Geoffroy","full_name":"Marc Geoffroy","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/174155514","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/7482512","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Marc Geoffroy"}}],"entry_title":"Sources et origines de la th\u00e9orie de l\u2019intellect d\u2019Averro\u00e8s (II)","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Sources et origines de la th\u00e9orie de l\u2019intellect d\u2019Averro\u00e8s (II)"},"abstract":"Cette contribution constitue la deuxi\u00e8me partie de la publication, avec quelques mises \u00e0 jour et am\u00e9nagements, d\u2019une th\u00e8se de doctorat soutenue sous le m\u00eame intitul\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00c9cole Pratique des Hautes \u00c9tudes, Paris, en d\u00e9cembre 2009 et dont la premi\u00e8re partie a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9e dans les MUSJ 66 (2015-2016). L\u2019auteur entend, selon une perspective strictement historique, d\u00e9terminer les sources sur lesquelles s\u2019est appuy\u00e9, entre les ann\u00e9es cinquante et soixante du xiie si\u00e8cle (premi\u00e8re p\u00e9riode de son travail philosophique), Averro\u00e8s (Ibn Ru\u0161d, m. 1198) pour concevoir sa th\u00e9orie de l\u2019\u00e2me et de l\u2019intellect, en r\u00e9f\u00e9rence aux sources p\u00e9ripat\u00e9ticiennes auxquelles il pouvait avoir acc\u00e8s de son temps. Pour celui qui vaut dans la tradition philosophique comme le \u00ab Commentateur \u00bb d\u2019Aristote par excellence, il peut para\u00eetre \u00e9tonnant qu\u2019Averro\u00e8s n\u2019ait eu d\u2019embl\u00e9e acc\u00e8s qu\u2019\u00e0 des sources indirectes relatives \u00e0 la th\u00e9orie de l\u2019\u00e2me du Stagirite, mais ce fut pourtant le cas, comme l\u2019auteur le montre ici. On voit en effet que la doctrine de l\u2019\u00e2me expos\u00e9e par Averro\u00e8s est essentiellement structur\u00e9e par l\u2019enseignement d\u2019Alexandre d\u2019Aphrodise et par son De anima. L\u2019aristot\u00e9lisme d\u2019Averro\u00e8s appara\u00eet de ce point de vue comme un aristot\u00e9lisme sans Aristote, et ceci allait refluer de mani\u00e8re d\u00e9cisive sur l\u2019ex\u00e9g\u00e8se d\u2019Averro\u00e8s une fois qu\u2019il se serait empar\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00e9crit du Stagirite, notamment et surtout pour expliquer les chapitres 4 et 5 du livre III du De anima (sur l\u2019intellect en puissance et l\u2019intellect agent).","btype":3,"date":"2021","language":"French","online_url":"https:\/\/journals.usj.edu.lb\/melanges\/article\/view\/546","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"},{"id":43,"category_name":"Tradition and Reception","link":"bib?categories[]=Tradition and Reception"},{"id":24,"category_name":"Influence","link":"bib?categories[]=Influence"},{"id":46,"category_name":"De anima","link":"bib?categories[]=De anima"}],"authors":[{"id":955,"full_name":"Marc Geoffroy","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5045,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"M\u00e9langes de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Saint-Joseph","volume":"68","issue":"","pages":"135\u2013232"}},"sort":[2021]}
| Title | Pietro Pomponazzi, Averroes, and the Accusation of Imposture |
| Type | Article |
| Language | French |
| Date | 2021 |
| Journal | Mélanges de l’Université Saint-Joseph |
| Volume | 68 |
| Pages | 93–103 |
| Categories | Renaissance, Tradition and Reception, Psychology, Ethics |
| Author(s) | Craig Martin |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Les spécialistes ont longtemps accusé Pietro Pomponazzi d’utiliser la duperie comme une technique pour échapper à la censure de l’Église au sujet de ses thèses sur la mortalité de l’âme et le fondement matériel de la religion. Un examen conjoint du De immortalitate animae et du De incantationibus témoigne non pas d’une promotion de la duperie mais plutôt d’une cohérence entre sa compréhension de l’utilisation politique des fables et des mythes et sa compréhension de l’entendement humain, de l’âme et de la nature de la moralité. Ces thèses dépendent en partie de sa lecture d’Averroès. En particulier, il était d’avis que l’écriture n’était porteuse ni de vérité ni de fausseté au sens strict. Cependant, Pomponazzi s’écarta d’Averroès parce que son rejet de la psychologie était mêlé d’une conception pessimiste de la nature humaine qu’il considérait comme étant éloignée de l’intellection et incapable d’obtenir la vérité. |
| Online Access | https://journals.usj.edu.lb/melanges/article/view/544 |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5054","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5054,"authors_free":[{"id":5804,"entry_id":5054,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1480,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Craig Martin","free_first_name":"Craig","free_last_name":"Martin","norm_person":{"id":1480,"first_name":"Craig","last_name":"Martin","full_name":"Craig Martin","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/143043714","viaf_url":"http:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/106785793","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Craig Martin"}}],"entry_title":"Pietro Pomponazzi, Averroes, and the Accusation of Imposture","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Pietro Pomponazzi, Averroes, and the Accusation of Imposture"},"abstract":"Les sp\u00e9cialistes ont longtemps accus\u00e9 Pietro Pomponazzi d\u2019utiliser la duperie comme une technique pour \u00e9chapper \u00e0 la censure de l\u2019\u00c9glise au sujet de ses th\u00e8ses sur la mortalit\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00e2me et le fondement mat\u00e9riel de la religion. Un examen conjoint du De immortalitate animae et du De incantationibus t\u00e9moigne non pas d\u2019une promotion de la duperie mais plut\u00f4t d\u2019une coh\u00e9rence entre sa compr\u00e9hension de l\u2019utilisation politique des fables et des mythes et sa compr\u00e9hension de l\u2019entendement humain, de l\u2019\u00e2me et de la nature de la moralit\u00e9. Ces th\u00e8ses d\u00e9pendent en partie de sa lecture d\u2019Averro\u00e8s. En particulier, il \u00e9tait d\u2019avis que l\u2019\u00e9criture n\u2019\u00e9tait porteuse ni de v\u00e9rit\u00e9 ni de fausset\u00e9 au sens strict. Cependant, Pomponazzi s\u2019\u00e9carta d\u2019Averro\u00e8s parce que son rejet de la psychologie \u00e9tait m\u00eal\u00e9 d\u2019une conception pessimiste de la nature humaine qu\u2019il consid\u00e9rait comme \u00e9tant \u00e9loign\u00e9e de l\u2019intellection et incapable d\u2019obtenir la v\u00e9rit\u00e9.","btype":3,"date":"2021","language":"French","online_url":"https:\/\/journals.usj.edu.lb\/melanges\/article\/view\/544","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":5,"category_name":"Renaissance","link":"bib?categories[]=Renaissance"},{"id":43,"category_name":"Tradition and Reception","link":"bib?categories[]=Tradition and Reception"},{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"},{"id":22,"category_name":"Ethics","link":"bib?categories[]=Ethics"}],"authors":[{"id":1480,"full_name":"Craig Martin","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5054,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"M\u00e9langes de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Saint-Joseph","volume":"68","issue":"","pages":"93\u2013103"}},"sort":[2021]}
| Title | ’Active Intellect’ in Avempace and Averroës: An Interpretative Issue |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2016 |
| Journal | Synthesis Philosophica |
| Volume | 62 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 345–358 |
| Categories | Ibn Bāǧǧa, De anima, Psychology |
| Author(s) | Daniel Bučan |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| This essay is about the understanding of the notion of active intellect in Ibn Bāǧǧa (Avempace) and Ibn Rushd (Averroës). The traditional interpretation of both Avempace’s and Averroës’ concept of active intellect is that they both understand it as the lowest celestial intelligence which is dator formarum, and that man thinks and cognizes intelligibles only by “connecting” with it in a quasi-mystic way; cognition being the active intellect’s granting ideas (formae or concepts) to man’s intellect. The author believes that both in Avempace’s and Averroës’ theory of cognition the notion of active intellect is only the highest function of human intellect, not a celestial entity. Based on such a presumption, as well as on the analysis of his theory, Avempace’s notion of iṭṭiṣāl bi-’aql fa’āl is interpreted not as a kind of mystic “conjunction” or “union” with a separate celestial entity, but as reaching the highest level of man’s intellect function in the continuity of the process of thinking. The same goes for Averroës’ theory, which is quite clearly presented in his Epistle on the Possibility of Conjunction with the Active Intellect, where one can find practically direct confirmation for such an interpretation, because Averroës says that “conjunction with it seems to resemble more the conjunction of form in matter than it does the conjunction of agent with effect. The well-known difference between agent and effect is that the agent is external, but here there is no external agent”, or that active intellect “conjoins with us from the outset by conjunction of in-existence”. The author concludes that the issue of the active intellect in Islamic philosophy is not disambiguous – for different thinkers it was a different concept – only the function of the active intellect is always one and the same: producing ideas. |
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| Title | On a Possible Argument for Averroes’s Single Separate Intellect |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2016 |
| Journal | Oxford Studies in Medieval Philosophy |
| Volume | 4 |
| Pages | 27–63 |
| Categories | De anima, Psychology |
| Author(s) | Stephen R. Ogden |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Pensée, dénomination extrinsèque et changement chez Averroès. Une lecture d’Aristote, Physique, VII, 3 |
| Type | Article |
| Language | French |
| Date | 2015 |
| Journal | Archives d’Histoire Doctrinale et Littéraire du Moyen Âge |
| Volume | 82 |
| Pages | 23–43 |
| Categories | Aristotle, Physics, Psychology |
| Author(s) | Jean-Baptiste Brenet |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Access | https://www.jstor.org/stable/44471841 |
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| Title | "... set hominem anima". Thomas d'Aquin et la pensée humaine comme acte du composé |
| Type | Article |
| Language | French |
| Date | 2006 |
| Journal | Mélanges de l'Université Saint-Joseph |
| Volume | 59 |
| Pages | 69–96 |
| Categories | Psychology, Thomas |
| Author(s) | Jean-Baptiste Brenet |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | A Comparative Study of the Relationship between the Material and the Active Intellect from the Perspective of Averroes and Al-Farabi |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2015 |
| Journal | Journal of Islamic Studies and Culture |
| Volume | 3 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 39-41 |
| Categories | Psychology, De anima |
| Author(s) | Davoud Zandi |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| The relationship between the material intellect and the active intellect is an important issue in the realm of epistemology in Islamic philosophy. The aim of the present study is to compare the views of Averroes and Al-Farabi in this regard. Reviewing their theories, this study shows that both the mentioned philosophers agree upon the fact that the Active Intellect exists apart from human soul and acts as a creator of forms, but as for the relationship between the Material Intellect and the Active Intellect, there is disagreement between Averroes and Al-Farabi. Averroes believes that in some aspects both of them are the same yet they are different in some other aspects, namely regarding their acts they are different because the active intellect acts as creator of forms while the material intellect is just receiver of the forms. Nevertheless, they are the same, since the material intellect achieves perfection through the active intellect, whereas in Al-Farabi’s opinion, ontologically speaking; the material intellect and the active intellect are different in their existence. The material intellect in al-Farabi’s perspective is one of the stages of human intellect that is inherent in human soul, whereas the active intellect is an immaterial substance that exists apart from human soul. |
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| Title | A Theory of Judgment in Averroes |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2021 |
| Journal | Arab Studies Quarterly |
| Volume | 43 |
| Issue | No. 3 (Summer 2021) |
| Pages | 268–281 |
| Categories | Linguistics, Politics, Rhetoric, Law, Psychology |
| Author(s) | Rayyan Dabbous |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5404","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5404,"authors_free":[{"id":6265,"entry_id":5404,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Rayyan Dabbous","free_first_name":"Rayyan","free_last_name":"Dabbous","norm_person":null}],"entry_title":"A Theory of Judgment in Averroes","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"A Theory of Judgment in Averroes"},"abstract":"","btype":3,"date":"2021","language":"English","online_url":"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/10.13169\/arabstudquar.43.3.0268","doi_url":"10.2307\/j50005550 ","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":78,"category_name":"Linguistics","link":"bib?categories[]=Linguistics"},{"id":4,"category_name":"Politics","link":"bib?categories[]=Politics"},{"id":48,"category_name":"Rhetoric","link":"bib?categories[]=Rhetoric"},{"id":26,"category_name":"Law","link":"bib?categories[]=Law"},{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"}],"authors":[],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5404,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Arab Studies Quarterly","volume":"43","issue":"No. 3 (Summer 2021)","pages":"268\u2013281"}},"sort":["A Theory of Judgment in Averroes"]}
| Title | A propos de l'intellect agent |
| Type | Article |
| Language | French |
| Date | 1981 |
| Journal | Revue des études islamiques |
| Volume | 49 |
| Pages | 103–112 |
| Categories | Psychology |
| Author(s) | Jean-Claude Vadet |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"1093","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1093,"authors_free":[{"id":1268,"entry_id":1093,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1115,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Jean-Claude Vadet","free_first_name":"Jean-Claude","free_last_name":"Vadet","norm_person":{"id":1115,"first_name":"Jean-Claude","last_name":"Vadet","full_name":"Jean-Claude Vadet","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/151338647","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/67775742","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Jean-Claude Vadet"}}],"entry_title":"A propos de l'intellect agent","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"A propos de l'intellect agent"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"1981","language":"French","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"}],"authors":[{"id":1115,"full_name":"Jean-Claude Vadet","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":1093,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Revue des \u00e9tudes islamiques","volume":"49","issue":null,"pages":"103\u2013112"}},"sort":["A propos de l'intellect agent"]}
| Title | Abstraction in al-Fārābī |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2006 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the American Catholic Philosophical Association |
| Volume | 80 |
| Pages | 151–168 |
| Categories | Psychology |
| Author(s) | Richard C. Taylor |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"1339","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1339,"authors_free":[{"id":1525,"entry_id":1339,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":966,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Richard C. Taylor","free_first_name":"Richard C.","free_last_name":"Taylor","norm_person":{"id":966,"first_name":"Richard C.","last_name":"Taylor","full_name":"Richard C. Taylor","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/139866353","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/49247370","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Richard C. Taylor"}}],"entry_title":"Abstraction in al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Abstraction in al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"2006","language":"English","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"}],"authors":[{"id":966,"full_name":"Richard C. Taylor","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":1339,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Proceedings of the American Catholic Philosophical Association","volume":"80","issue":null,"pages":"151\u2013168"}},"sort":["Abstraction in al-F\u0101r\u0101b\u012b"]}
| Title | Algunos aspectos de la doctrina tomista del entendimiento posible |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Spanish |
| Date | 1985 |
| Journal | Sapientia |
| Volume | 40 |
| Pages | 109–120 |
| Categories | Psychology, Aquinas |
| Author(s) | Maria L. de Stier |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"818","_score":null,"_source":{"id":818,"authors_free":[{"id":982,"entry_id":818,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":969,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Maria L. de Stier","free_first_name":"Maria L.","free_last_name":"de Stier","norm_person":{"id":969,"first_name":"Maria L.","last_name":"de Stier","full_name":"Maria L. de Stier","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/155872087","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/246534670","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Maria L. de Stier"}}],"entry_title":"Algunos aspectos de la doctrina tomista del entendimiento posible","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Algunos aspectos de la doctrina tomista del entendimiento posible"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"1985","language":"Spanish","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"},{"id":2,"category_name":"Aquinas","link":"bib?categories[]=Aquinas"}],"authors":[{"id":969,"full_name":"Maria L. de Stier","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":818,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Sapientia","volume":"40","issue":null,"pages":"109\u2013120"}},"sort":["Algunos aspectos de la doctrina tomista del entendimiento posible"]}
| Title | Antike Lehren vom Wahrnehmen bei Averroes |
| Type | Article |
| Language | German |
| Date | 1986 |
| Journal | Sudhoffs Archiv |
| Volume | 70 |
| Pages | 129–142 |
| Categories | Psychology |
| Author(s) | Helmut Gätje |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Access | https://www.jstor.org/stable/20777078 |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"773","_score":null,"_source":{"id":773,"authors_free":[{"id":935,"entry_id":773,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":240,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Helmut G\u00e4tje","free_first_name":"Helmut","free_last_name":"G\u00e4tje","norm_person":{"id":240,"first_name":"","last_name":"","full_name":"Helmut G\u00e4tje","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1021419966","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/29561534","db_url":"NULL","from_claudius":0,"link":"bib?authors[]=Helmut G\u00e4tje"}}],"entry_title":"Antike Lehren vom Wahrnehmen bei Averroes","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Antike Lehren vom Wahrnehmen bei Averroes"},"abstract":"","btype":3,"date":"1986","language":"German","online_url":"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/20777078","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"}],"authors":[{"id":240,"full_name":"Helmut G\u00e4tje","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":773,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Sudhoffs Archiv","volume":"70","issue":null,"pages":"129\u2013142"}},"sort":["Antike Lehren vom Wahrnehmen bei Averroes"]}
| Title | Aproximación al tema de la visión de la oscuridad en De Anima II 7 desde los comentarios de Averroes |
| Translation | Approach to the topic of the vision of darkness in De Anima II 7 from the comments of Averroes |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Spanish |
| Date | 2022 |
| Journal | Kriterion: Revista de Filosofia |
| Volume | 63 |
| Issue | 152 |
| Pages | 515 – 534 |
| Categories | Commentary, Aristotle, De anima, Psychology |
| Author(s) | Desiderio Parrilla |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| El problema de la “visión escotópica”, o visión bajo condiciones de oscuridad parcial o total, es uno de los tópicos más enigmáticos y menos estudiados de la psicología aristotélica. En el artículo exponemos la exégesis de Averroes acerca de este asunto. Señalamos una dificultad que surge en el Comentario mayor en torno a algunos términos utilizados para designar la oscuridad en el conjunto de la teoría. Proponemos como solución una interpretación moderada del asunto, acorde con el “principio de economía” y la exégesis tradicional de los comentaristas. The problem of “scotopic vision”, or vision under conditions of partial or total darkness, is one of the most enigmatic and least studied topics in Aristotelian psychology. In the article we present the exegesis of Averroes on this matter. We point out a dificulty that arises in the Great Commentary around some terms used to designate the obscurity in the whole of the theory. We propose as a solution a moderate interpretation of the matter, in accordance with the “principle of economy” and the traditional exegesis of the commentators. |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5558","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5558,"authors_free":[{"id":6452,"entry_id":5558,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":1844,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Desiderio Parrilla","free_first_name":"Desiderio ","free_last_name":"Parrilla","norm_person":{"id":1844,"first_name":"Desiderio ","last_name":"Parrilla","full_name":"Desiderio Parrilla","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1197179534","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null,"link":"bib?authors[]=Desiderio Parrilla"}}],"entry_title":"Aproximaci\u00f3n al tema de la visi\u00f3n de la oscuridad en De Anima II 7 desde los comentarios de Averroes","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"Approach to the topic of the vision of darkness in De Anima II 7 from the comments of Averroes","main_title":{"title":"Aproximaci\u00f3n al tema de la visi\u00f3n de la oscuridad en De Anima II 7 desde los comentarios de Averroes"},"abstract":"El problema de la \u201cvisi\u00f3n escot\u00f3pica\u201d, o visi\u00f3n bajo condiciones de oscuridad parcial o total, es uno de los t\u00f3picos m\u00e1s enigm\u00e1ticos y menos estudiados de la psicolog\u00eda aristot\u00e9lica. En el art\u00edculo exponemos la ex\u00e9gesis de Averroes acerca de este asunto. Se\u00f1alamos una dificultad que surge en el Comentario mayor en torno a algunos t\u00e9rminos utilizados para designar la oscuridad en el conjunto de la teor\u00eda. Proponemos como soluci\u00f3n una interpretaci\u00f3n moderada del asunto, acorde con el \u201cprincipio de econom\u00eda\u201d y la ex\u00e9gesis tradicional de los comentaristas.\r\n\r\nThe problem of \u201cscotopic vision\u201d, or vision under conditions of partial or total darkness, is one of the most enigmatic and least studied topics in Aristotelian psychology. In the article we present the exegesis of Averroes on this matter. We point out a dificulty that arises in the Great Commentary around some terms used to designate the obscurity in the whole of the theory. We propose as a solution a moderate interpretation of the matter, in accordance with the \u201cprinciple of economy\u201d and the traditional exegesis of the commentators.","btype":3,"date":"2022","language":"Spanish","online_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/0100-512x2022n15212dp","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":23,"category_name":"Commentary","link":"bib?categories[]=Commentary"},{"id":21,"category_name":"Aristotle","link":"bib?categories[]=Aristotle"},{"id":46,"category_name":"De anima","link":"bib?categories[]=De anima"},{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"}],"authors":[{"id":1844,"full_name":"Desiderio Parrilla","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5558,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Kriterion: Revista de Filosofia","volume":"63","issue":"152","pages":"515 \u2013 534"}},"sort":["Aproximaci\u00f3n al tema de la visi\u00f3n de la oscuridad en De Anima II 7 desde los comentarios de Averroes"]}
| Title | As it is, it is an Ax. Some Medieval Reflections on De anima II.1 |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 1997 |
| Journal | Medieval Philosophy and Theology |
| Volume | 6 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 1–24 |
| Categories | Psychology, De anima |
| Author(s) | Mary Sirridge |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"795","_score":null,"_source":{"id":795,"authors_free":[{"id":958,"entry_id":795,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":963,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Mary Sirridge","free_first_name":"Mary","free_last_name":"Sirridge","norm_person":{"id":963,"first_name":"Mary","last_name":"Sirridge","full_name":"Mary Sirridge","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/160958490","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/89742125","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Mary Sirridge"}}],"entry_title":"As it is, it is an Ax. Some Medieval Reflections on De anima II.1","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"As it is, it is an Ax. Some Medieval Reflections on De anima II.1"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"1997","language":"English","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"},{"id":46,"category_name":"De anima","link":"bib?categories[]=De anima"}],"authors":[{"id":963,"full_name":"Mary Sirridge","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":795,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Medieval Philosophy and Theology","volume":"6","issue":"1","pages":"1\u201324"}},"sort":["As it is, it is an Ax. Some Medieval Reflections on De anima II.1"]}
| Title | Autour de Pomponazzi: Problématique de l'immortalité de l'ame en Italie au début du XVIe siècle |
| Type | Article |
| Language | French |
| Date | 1961 |
| Journal | Archives d'histoire doctrinale et littéraire du Moyen Age |
| Volume | 28 |
| Pages | 163-279 |
| Categories | Averroism, Metaphysics, Psychology, Tradition and Reception |
| Author(s) | Étienne Gilson |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Online Access | https://www.jstor.org/stable/44403124 |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5671","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5671,"authors_free":[{"id":6575,"entry_id":5671,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1873,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"\u00c9tienne Gilson","free_first_name":"\u00c9tienne ","free_last_name":"Gilson","norm_person":{"id":1873,"first_name":"Etienne ","last_name":"Gilson","full_name":"Etienne Gilson","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/118717480","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null,"link":"bib?authors[]=Etienne Gilson"}}],"entry_title":"Autour de Pomponazzi: Probl\u00e9matique de l'immortalit\u00e9 de l'ame en Italie au d\u00e9but du XVIe si\u00e8cle","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Autour de Pomponazzi: Probl\u00e9matique de l'immortalit\u00e9 de l'ame en Italie au d\u00e9but du XVIe si\u00e8cle"},"abstract":"","btype":3,"date":"1961","language":"French","online_url":"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/44403124","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":1,"category_name":"Averroism","link":"bib?categories[]=Averroism"},{"id":31,"category_name":"Metaphysics","link":"bib?categories[]=Metaphysics"},{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"},{"id":43,"category_name":"Tradition and Reception","link":"bib?categories[]=Tradition and Reception"}],"authors":[{"id":1873,"full_name":"Etienne Gilson","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5671,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Archives d'histoire doctrinale et litt\u00e9raire du Moyen Age","volume":"28","issue":"","pages":"163-279"}},"sort":["Autour de Pomponazzi: Probl\u00e9matique de l'immortalit\u00e9 de l'ame en Italie au d\u00e9but du XVIe si\u00e8cle"]}