| In the Islamic Golden Age, medicine flourished by the practice of Persian, Arab and Greek physicians (9th to 13th century AD). Ibn rushd (1126–1198 AD) was renowned physician in that period, influenced the progress of medicine by his writings. He was the stalwart of medical sciences and owner of many writings in various fields of science. One of his writings in medicine was “Al- Kulliyat fi Al-Tibb” (Colliget or “Generalities on Medicine”). Many of his writings were studied in every part of globe. Now a day it is need of hour to generalize his knowledge for further researches. In this paper it is trying to compile his historical aspect of life as well as writings. |
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| Adressé au grand public, cet ouvrage s'efforce de faire le point sur l'une des figures majeures de la philosophie musulmane, Ibn Rochd (Averroès). Né à Cordoue en 1126, il est avant tout un homme de science. Théologien, philosophe, médecin et juriste : il s'intéresse à tous les domaines de la pensée. Il meurt en 1198 à Marrakech. Après avoir dépeint l'ambiance et l'époque dans lesquelles Averroès voit le jour, Abderrahim Bouzelmate nous offre dans cet essai une perspective originale : Que doit-on tirer des enseignements du philosophe de Cordoue ? Quelle a été sa postérité et comment pourrait-elle nous servir aujourd'hui, huit siècles plus tard ? En réalité, l'élite cultivée et les principales institutions intellectuelles et religieuses du Moyen-Age et de la Renaissance (en Occident) lisent et revisitent sa pensée durant des siècles. Réduit par les uns à un simple transmetteur de l'héritage grec à l'Occident, accusé par les autres d'athéisme, de philosophie dépravée et même de fondamentalisme religieux, Ibn Rochd, esprit libre et homme de foi, a pourtant poursuivi un but cohérent qui fut décisif dans l'histoire de la pensée. Ce livre tend à le démontrer : la raison épouse la foi. |
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| Title | Averroes, Philosopher of Islam |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2019 |
| Published in | Interpreting Averroes. Critical Essays |
| Pages | 9–26 |
| Categories | Biography, al-Ġazālī |
| Author(s) | Matteo Di Giovanni |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| The opening chapter of the book situates Averroes' project within the intellectual context of medieval Islamic Spain, arguing that Averroes' project of writing commentaries on Aristotle was in part a response to the provocations of Muslim theologians and especially Ghazali. Even some of his most notorious philosophical positions, for instance on the unity of the human intellect and the eternity of the world, can be better understood within this context. |
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| Title | ابن رشد المقلق |
| Transcription | Ibn Rushd al-muqliq |
| Type | Monograph |
| Language | Arabic |
| Date | 2019 |
| Publication Place | Beirut |
| Publisher | dār al-kitāb al- jadīd al-muttaḥid |
| Categories | Biography, Law, Medicine |
| Author(s) | Jean-Baptiste Brenet , Georges Zainaty |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Averroes: 1126-1198 |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2018 |
| Published in | Great Muslims of the West: Makers of Western Islam |
| Pages | 82-89 |
| Categories | Biography |
| Author(s) | Muhammad Mojlum Khan |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Muslims have lived in the “West” for hundreds of years, yet the lives of all but a few are little known. In this illuminating work, Muhammad Mojlum Khan sets out to change this by revealing the lives and impact of over fifty significant Muslims, from the founder of Muslim Spain in the eighth century to Muhammad Ali today. This extraordinary book features biographies on the enslaved African Prince Ayuba Sulaiman Diallo, who was put to work in the tobacco fields of Maryland; Alexander Russell Webb, the voice of Muslims in Victorian America; and W.D. Muhammad, Elijah Muhammad’s son, who converted the Nation of Islam’s followers to an authentic version of Islam. |
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| Title | Averroè |
| Type | Monograph |
| Language | Italian |
| Date | 2017 |
| Publication Place | Roma |
| Publisher | Carocci editore |
| Series | Pensatori |
| Volume | 42 |
| Categories | Biography, Surveys |
| Author(s) | Matteo Di Giovanni |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Averroè di Cordova è un campione della filosofìa islamica prima che un vertice del pensiero europeo. Eppure ha ricevuto perlopiù letture unilateralmente eurocentriche. Il volume restituisce al suo cromatismo originario la fisionomia dell'intellettuale musulmano. L'esposizione chiara e documentata del pensiero, aggiornata alle nuove frontiere della ricerca, mette in luce il debito verso la cultura andalusa e il duplice ruolo di testimonianza e di stimolo per un Islam aperto e civilizzatore nel cuore stesso dell'Occidente. |
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| Title | Averroès l’inquiétant |
| Type | Monograph |
| Language | French |
| Date | 2015 |
| Publication Place | Paris |
| Publisher | Les Belles Lettres |
| Edition No. | 2 |
| Categories | Biography, Surveys, Transmission |
| Author(s) | Jean-Baptiste Brenet |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Ibn Rushd, Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Hafīd (Averroes) |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2011 |
| Published in | Encyclopedia of Medieval Philosophy. Philosophy between 500 and 1500 |
| Pages | 494–501 |
| Categories | Biography, Surveys, Logic, Psychology, Cosmology, Metaphysics |
| Author(s) | Taneli Kukkonen |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Averroes (1126–1198 CE) was the most famous and prolific commentator on Aristotle in all of medieval philosophy: 38 works are extant, at all levels of instruction. This concentration on Aristotle was not happenstance, instead, it reflects Averroes’ maturing philosophical outlook. For Averroes, Aristotle’s teaching came to represent the pinnacle of philosophical wisdom, and answers to all the most pressing problems in philosophy were to be found in a thorough and careful exploration of what that teaching truly implied. In the course of Averroes’ deepening investigations into Aristotelian lore, alternative interpretations were advanced and different traditions of thinking carefully laid side by side, producing a field guide to the Peripatetic tradition, as it was known to an Arabic scholar of the classical period. The resulting body of texts represents a high watermark in Aristotelian synthesis and systematization, even if Averroes failed in the end to resolve satisfactorily all the problems that had accumulated over the centuries. In addition to his Aristotelian Commentaries, Explications, and Compendia (which, besides Aristotle, encompassed works by Plato, Galen, Ptolemy, and al-Ġazālī), Averroes wrote smaller, independent essays and questions that explored contested issues in Aristotelian teaching; polemical works that argued the religious innocence and intellectual respectability of Peripatetic philosophy, correctly understood; and medical and legal treatises of solid but unspectacular standing. Averroes’ reputation was made in Latin Scholasticism and in Jewish circles of learning, while in the Arabic world his works fell mostly by the wayside. Today, his name is evoked in the Arabic world as a rallying-point for a rationalist Islam – a fitting legacy, if not always especially well grounded (modern-day Averroists displaying at best a cursory knowledge of the Commentator’s philosophy). |
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| Title | When Ibn Rushd Met Borges |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2010 |
| Journal | Journal of Arabic Literature |
| Volume | 41 |
| Issue | 1–2 |
| Pages | 148–159 |
| Categories | Biography |
| Author(s) | Nancy Berg |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Adressé au grand public, cet ouvrage s'efforce de faire le point sur l'une des figures majeures de la philosophie musulmane, Ibn Rochd (Averroès). Né à Cordoue en 1126, il est avant tout un homme de science. Théologien, philosophe, médecin et juriste : il s'intéresse à tous les domaines de la pensée. Il meurt en 1198 à Marrakech. Après avoir dépeint l'ambiance et l'époque dans lesquelles Averroès voit le jour, Abderrahim Bouzelmate nous offre dans cet essai une perspective originale : Que doit-on tirer des enseignements du philosophe de Cordoue ? Quelle a été sa postérité et comment pourrait-elle nous servir aujourd'hui, huit siècles plus tard ? En réalité, l'élite cultivée et les principales institutions intellectuelles et religieuses du Moyen-Age et de la Renaissance (en Occident) lisent et revisitent sa pensée durant des siècles. Réduit par les uns à un simple transmetteur de l'héritage grec à l'Occident, accusé par les autres d'athéisme, de philosophie dépravée et même de fondamentalisme religieux, Ibn Rochd, esprit libre et homme de foi, a pourtant poursuivi un but cohérent qui fut décisif dans l'histoire de la pensée. Ce livre tend à le démontrer : la raison épouse la foi. |
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| Title | "If God will grant me life". Averroes the philosopher. Studies on the history of his development |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2004 |
| Journal | Documenti e studi sulla tradizione filosofica medievale |
| Volume | 15 |
| Pages | 227–254 |
| Categories | Biography |
| Author(s) | Gerhard Endress |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Abū ʿAbd ar-Raḥmān Ibn Ṭāhir. Averroes, vida y persecución de un filósofo |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Spanish |
| Date | 2000 |
| Journal | Revista española de filosofía medieval |
| Volume | 7 |
| Pages | 181–185 |
| Categories | Biography |
| Author(s) | Josep Puig Montada |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| En el artículo publicado con dicho título en el número anterior de esta Revista Española de Filosofía Medieval, 6 (1999): 217-232, empezaba el apartado dedicado a los miembros del círculo próximo a Averroes con la mención de Ibn Tufail (pág. 223). Debía haber incluido allí una mención a otro personaje, amigo de Averroes y relacionado también con Ibn Tufail (m. 578/1182): Abû' Abd ar-Ramhân lbn Tâhir (m. 574/1178-9), al que Averroes menciona al final del libro lI de su paráfrasis, expositio media, a los Meteorologica. |
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| Title | Averroes (Ibn Rushd) |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2009 |
| Published in | The History of Western Philosophy of Religion |
| Pages | 121–136 |
| Categories | Biography, Law, Science |
| Author(s) | Gerhard Endress |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| Abū-l-Walīd Muḥammad ibn-Muḥammad ibn-Rushd, known in the Latin West under the Hispanicized name ‘Averroes’, was, like his ancestors, a jurist in Islamic Andalusia. He became Chief Judge of Cordoba and Seville, court physician to the Almohad princes of Morocco and Spain, counsellor and courtier in the orbit of power. He belonged to the three worlds of intellectual culture in his age: he was brought up in the world of the ʿulamā, learned exegetes and administrators of the Sharīʿa (the revealed law of Islam); he mastered the world of the rational sciences – applied in medicine and astronomy, and crowned by the universal wisdom of philosophy that was taken to lead the way to true wisdom and ultimate happiness; and he rose to high station in the world of court, where the Commander of the Faithful ruled as absolute king. He embodied the sum of intellectual excellence and active experience a person could gain in his time and place. The religious community, and the political conditions, of Muslim Spain underwent deep changes in Averroes' lifetime. His project – to give a rational foundation to the Muslim doctrine and in the long run to vindicate the work of philosophy as a rule of reason governing all of society – with its progress and its setbacks, was closely connected with the social condition, the spiritual outlook and the dialectic of power and authority in the Andalust. |
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| Title | Averroes, Philosopher of Islam |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2019 |
| Published in | Interpreting Averroes. Critical Essays |
| Pages | 9–26 |
| Categories | Biography, al-Ġazālī |
| Author(s) | Matteo Di Giovanni |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| The opening chapter of the book situates Averroes' project within the intellectual context of medieval Islamic Spain, arguing that Averroes' project of writing commentaries on Aristotle was in part a response to the provocations of Muslim theologians and especially Ghazali. Even some of his most notorious philosophical positions, for instance on the unity of the human intellect and the eternity of the world, can be better understood within this context. |
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| Title | Averroes, el hombre |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Spanish |
| Date | 1998 |
| Journal | Boletín de la Real Academia de Córdoba de Ciencias. Bellas Letras y Nobles Artes |
| Volume | 135 |
| Pages | 103–110 |
| Categories | Biography |
| Author(s) | Angel Fernández Dueñas |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Averroes, vida, ambiente y persecucion de un filosofo |
| Type | Article |
| Language | Spanish |
| Date | 1999 |
| Journal | Revista española de filosofía medieval |
| Volume | 6 |
| Pages | 217–232 |
| Categories | Biography |
| Author(s) | Josep Puig Montada |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Averroes. contexto político-cultural. Estado de la cuestión |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | Spanish |
| Date | 1996 |
| Published in | Alarcos 1195. Al-Arak 592. Actas del Congreso Internacional Conmemorativo de VIII Centenario de la Batalla de Alarcos |
| Pages | 625–630 |
| Categories | Biography, Politics |
| Author(s) | P. Mangada Cañas |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Averroes: 1126-1198 |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2018 |
| Published in | Great Muslims of the West: Makers of Western Islam |
| Pages | 82-89 |
| Categories | Biography |
| Author(s) | Muhammad Mojlum Khan |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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