{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5808","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5808,"authors_free":[{"id":6729,"entry_id":5808,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":903,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Tineke Melkebeek","free_first_name":"Tineke ","free_last_name":"Melkebeek","norm_person":{"id":903,"first_name":"","last_name":"","full_name":"","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]="}}],"entry_title":"The medieval Islamic commentary on Plato\u2019s republic: Ibn Rushd\u2019s perspective on the position and potential of women","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"The medieval Islamic commentary on Plato\u2019s republic: Ibn Rushd\u2019s perspective on the position and potential of women"},"abstract":"This paper investigates the twelfth-century commentary on Plato\u2019s Republic by the Andalusian Muslim philosopher Ibn Rushd (Averroes). Ibn Rushd is considered to be the only Muslim philosopher who commented on the Republic. Written around 375 BC, Plato\u2019s Republic discusses the order and character of a just city-state and contains revolutionary ideas on the position and qualities of women, which remained contested also in Ibn Rushd\u2019s time. This Muslim philosopher is primarily known as the most esteemed commentator of Aristotle. However, for the lack of an Arabic translation of Aristotle\u2019s Politics, Ibn Rushd commented on the political theory of Aristotle\u2019s teacher, i.e. Plato\u2019s Republic, instead. In his commentary, Ibn Rushd juxtaposes examples from Plato\u2019s context and those from contemporary Muslim societies. Notably, when he diverges from the text, he does not drift off toward more patriarchal, Aristotelian interpretations. On the contrary, he argues that women are capable of being rulers and philosophers, that their true competencies remain unknown as long as they are deprived of education, and that this situation is detrimental to the flourishing of the city. This article aims to critically analyse Ibn Rushd\u2019s statements on the position of women, as well as their reception in scholarly literature. ","btype":3,"date":"2021","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"10.24848\/islmlg.11.1.02","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":23,"category_name":"Commentary","link":"bib?categories[]=Commentary"},{"id":20,"category_name":"Plato","link":"bib?categories[]=Plato"},{"id":4,"category_name":"Politics","link":"bib?categories[]=Politics"},{"id":43,"category_name":"Tradition and Reception","link":"bib?categories[]=Tradition and Reception"}],"authors":[{"id":903,"full_name":"","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5808,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":" Islamology","volume":"11","issue":"1","pages":"9-23"}},"sort":["The medieval Islamic commentary on Plato\u2019s republic: Ibn Rushd\u2019s perspective on the position and potential of women"]}

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5514","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5514,"authors_free":[{"id":6393,"entry_id":5514,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":517,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Richard C. Dales","free_first_name":"Richard C. ","free_last_name":" Dales","norm_person":{"id":517,"first_name":"Richard Clark","last_name":"Dales","full_name":"Richard Clark Dales","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/119288427","viaf_url":"http:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/62355098","db_url":"https:\/\/www.deutsche-biographie.de\/gnd119288427.html","from_claudius":0,"link":"bib?authors[]=Richard Clark Dales"}}],"entry_title":"The problem of the rational soul in the thirteenth century","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"The problem of the rational soul in the thirteenth century"},"abstract":"The Problem of the Rational Soul in the Thirteenth Century traces the Latin scholastics' attempt to deal with two essentially incompatible notions of the human soul: the scientific view of Aristotle which considers it to be a form, and the Augustinian view of the soul as a substance in its own right, from Gundissalinus to the Parisian condemnation of 1277. It traces the growing disarray of Latin notions of the soul, the growth of the monopsychism controversy, the solutions of Bonaventure and Aquinas, through the variety of responses to Aquinas's De unitate intellectus. Among its conclusions are that the traditional dualism diminished with time, that there was little agreement among the \u201cheterodox Aristotelians,\u201d and that, with two exceptions, no one in the thirteenth century taught the present position of the Catholic Church, that the rational soul is infused at conception.","btype":1,"date":"1995","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/9789004247192","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":43,"category_name":"Tradition and Reception","link":"bib?categories[]=Tradition and Reception"},{"id":21,"category_name":"Aristotle","link":"bib?categories[]=Aristotle"},{"id":2,"category_name":"Aquinas","link":"bib?categories[]=Aquinas"}],"authors":[{"id":517,"full_name":"Richard Clark Dales","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":{"id":5514,"pubplace":"Leiden; New York; K\u00f6ln","publisher":"E.J. Brill","series":"Brill's studies in intellectual history ","volume":"65","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null},"booksection":null,"article":null},"sort":["The problem of the rational soul in the thirteenth century"]}

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5527","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5527,"authors_free":[{"id":6417,"entry_id":5527,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":709,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Charles Burnett","free_first_name":"Charles","free_last_name":"Burnett","norm_person":{"id":709,"first_name":"Charles","last_name":"Burnett","full_name":"Charles Burnett","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/137454031","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/79051939","db_url":"https:\/\/www.deutsche-biographie.de\/pnd137454031.html","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Charles Burnett"}}],"entry_title":"The two faces of Averroes in the Renaissance","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"The two faces of Averroes in the Renaissance"},"abstract":"","btype":2,"date":"2001","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":5,"category_name":"Renaissance","link":"bib?categories[]=Renaissance"},{"id":43,"category_name":"Tradition and Reception","link":"bib?categories[]=Tradition and Reception"}],"authors":[{"id":709,"full_name":"Charles Burnett","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":{"id":5527,"section_of":5528,"pages":"87-94","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":5528,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":4,"language":"no language selected","title":"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634 12-15 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1998","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"2001","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"","republication_of":0,"online_url":"","online_resources":null,"translation_of":"0","new_edition_of":"0","is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"ti_url":"","doi_url":"","book":{"id":5528,"pubplace":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628","publisher":" \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629","series":"","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null},"persons":[]}},"article":null},"sort":["The two faces of Averroes in the Renaissance"]}

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5359","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5359,"authors_free":[{"id":6210,"entry_id":5359,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Alexander Green","free_first_name":"Alexander","free_last_name":"Green","norm_person":null}],"entry_title":"Three Readings of Averroes\u2019s Commentary on Plato\u2019s \u201cRepublic\u201d in Medieval Jewish Thought","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Three Readings of Averroes\u2019s Commentary on Plato\u2019s \u201cRepublic\u201d in Medieval Jewish Thought"},"abstract":"The ethical and political writings by late medieval Jewish philosophers are generally seen to be rooted in two fundamental classical texts, Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics and Plato's Republic. Yet, regarding the Republic, medieval Jewish thinkers likely had no direct access to it. It was Samuel ben Judah of Marseilles's translation of Averroes's Commentary on Plato's \u201cRepublic\u201d into Hebrew in the 1320s that gave Hebrew readers some access to the Republic and made it the central classical text on political philosophy for Jewish thought. Indeed, it was used by Jewish thinkers for several hundred years thereafter. This chapter will focus on the question of how Plato's Republic came to influence medieval Jewish thought; in doing so, it will attempt to map out three distinct trends in how Jewish thinkers of the medieval period interpreted the Republic's core ideas.\r\n\r\nSamuel Ben Judah of Marseilles and the Translation into Hebrew\r\n\r\nThe introduction of Plato's Republic into Jewish discussions on the nature of the political community took place after Samuel ben Judah of Marseilles's translation of Averroes's Commentary on Plato's \u201cRepublic\u201d from Arabic into Hebrew was completed in 1320 and revised in 1321 and 1322. Samuel came from an established family in Provence that had acquired wealth over multiple generations. He studied philosophy with Senor (Don) Astruc de Noves and translated works on logic and astronomy. The movement of translating the great works of science and secular philosophy from Arabic into Hebrew, which had been started in Provence by Samuel ibn Tibbon (ca. 1165\u22121232) in the first decades of the thirteenth century and been furthered, in large part, by his son, Moses ibn Tibbon (ca. 1195\u22121274), his son-in-law, Jacob Anatoli (1194\u22121256), and his grandson, Jacob b. Makhir (ca. 1236\u22121304), was gradually coming to an end after the prodigious activity of Qalonimos ben Qalonimos (ca. 1286\u22121328) in the first decades of the fourteenth century. It had already begun to transform Judaism into what some have termed a philosophic religion. The deficiency in this model of philosophic religion is that it was overly focused on natural science and mostly ignored practical philosophy.","btype":2,"date":"2022","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/9781800104983.014","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":43,"category_name":"Tradition and Reception","link":"bib?categories[]=Tradition and Reception"},{"id":24,"category_name":"Influence","link":"bib?categories[]=Influence"}],"authors":[],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":{"id":5359,"section_of":5346,"pages":"277\u2013296","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":5346,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":4,"language":"en","title":"Plato's Republic in the Islamic Context. New Perspectives on Averroes's Commentary","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"2022","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"","republication_of":0,"online_url":"","online_resources":null,"translation_of":"0","new_edition_of":"0","is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"ti_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/9781800104983","book":{"id":5346,"pubplace":"","publisher":" Boydell & Brewer","series":"","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null},"persons":[{"id":6196,"entry_id":5346,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":" Alexander Orwin","free_first_name":" Alexander","free_last_name":" Orwin","norm_person":null}]}},"article":null},"sort":["Three Readings of Averroes\u2019s Commentary on Plato\u2019s \u201cRepublic\u201d in Medieval Jewish Thought"]}

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5628","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5628,"authors_free":[{"id":6533,"entry_id":5628,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":1862,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Ren\u00e9 Antoine Gauthier","free_first_name":"Ren\u00e9 Antoine ","free_last_name":"Gauthier","norm_person":{"id":1862,"first_name":"Ren\u00e9 Antoine ","last_name":"Gauthier","full_name":"Ren\u00e9 Antoine Gauthier","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/138553270","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null,"link":"bib?authors[]=Ren\u00e9 Antoine Gauthier"}}],"entry_title":"Trois commentaires \"Averroistes\" sur l'Ethique a Nicomaque","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Trois commentaires \"Averroistes\" sur l'Ethique a Nicomaque"},"abstract":"","btype":3,"date":"1948","language":"French","online_url":"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/44403485","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":23,"category_name":"Commentary","link":"bib?categories[]=Commentary"},{"id":21,"category_name":"Aristotle","link":"bib?categories[]=Aristotle"},{"id":22,"category_name":"Ethics","link":"bib?categories[]=Ethics"},{"id":70,"category_name":"Nicomachean ethics","link":"bib?categories[]=Nicomachean ethics"},{"id":43,"category_name":"Tradition and Reception","link":"bib?categories[]=Tradition and Reception"}],"authors":[{"id":1862,"full_name":"Ren\u00e9 Antoine Gauthier","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5628,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Archives d'histoire doctrinale et litt\u00e9raire du Moyen Age","volume":"16 ","issue":"1947-1948","pages":"187-336"}},"sort":["Trois commentaires \"Averroistes\" sur l'Ethique a Nicomaque"]}