{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5359","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5359,"authors_free":[{"id":6210,"entry_id":5359,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Alexander Green","free_first_name":"Alexander","free_last_name":"Green","norm_person":null}],"entry_title":"Three Readings of Averroes\u2019s Commentary on Plato\u2019s \u201cRepublic\u201d in Medieval Jewish Thought","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Three Readings of Averroes\u2019s Commentary on Plato\u2019s \u201cRepublic\u201d in Medieval Jewish Thought"},"abstract":"The ethical and political writings by late medieval Jewish philosophers are generally seen to be rooted in two fundamental classical texts, Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics and Plato's Republic. Yet, regarding the Republic, medieval Jewish thinkers likely had no direct access to it. It was Samuel ben Judah of Marseilles's translation of Averroes's Commentary on Plato's \u201cRepublic\u201d into Hebrew in the 1320s that gave Hebrew readers some access to the Republic and made it the central classical text on political philosophy for Jewish thought. Indeed, it was used by Jewish thinkers for several hundred years thereafter. This chapter will focus on the question of how Plato's Republic came to influence medieval Jewish thought; in doing so, it will attempt to map out three distinct trends in how Jewish thinkers of the medieval period interpreted the Republic's core ideas.\r\n\r\nSamuel Ben Judah of Marseilles and the Translation into Hebrew\r\n\r\nThe introduction of Plato's Republic into Jewish discussions on the nature of the political community took place after Samuel ben Judah of Marseilles's translation of Averroes's Commentary on Plato's \u201cRepublic\u201d from Arabic into Hebrew was completed in 1320 and revised in 1321 and 1322. Samuel came from an established family in Provence that had acquired wealth over multiple generations. He studied philosophy with Senor (Don) Astruc de Noves and translated works on logic and astronomy. The movement of translating the great works of science and secular philosophy from Arabic into Hebrew, which had been started in Provence by Samuel ibn Tibbon (ca. 1165\u22121232) in the first decades of the thirteenth century and been furthered, in large part, by his son, Moses ibn Tibbon (ca. 1195\u22121274), his son-in-law, Jacob Anatoli (1194\u22121256), and his grandson, Jacob b. Makhir (ca. 1236\u22121304), was gradually coming to an end after the prodigious activity of Qalonimos ben Qalonimos (ca. 1286\u22121328) in the first decades of the fourteenth century. It had already begun to transform Judaism into what some have termed a philosophic religion. The deficiency in this model of philosophic religion is that it was overly focused on natural science and mostly ignored practical philosophy.","btype":2,"date":"2022","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/9781800104983.014","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":43,"category_name":"Tradition and Reception","link":"bib?categories[]=Tradition and Reception"},{"id":24,"category_name":"Influence","link":"bib?categories[]=Influence"}],"authors":[],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":{"id":5359,"section_of":5346,"pages":"277\u2013296","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":5346,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":4,"language":"en","title":"Plato's Republic in the Islamic Context. New Perspectives on Averroes's Commentary","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"2022","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"","republication_of":0,"online_url":"","online_resources":null,"translation_of":"0","new_edition_of":"0","is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"ti_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/9781800104983","book":{"id":5346,"pubplace":"","publisher":" Boydell & Brewer","series":"","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null},"persons":[{"id":6196,"entry_id":5346,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":" Alexander Orwin","free_first_name":" Alexander","free_last_name":" Orwin","norm_person":null}]}},"article":null},"sort":["Three Readings of Averroes\u2019s Commentary on Plato\u2019s \u201cRepublic\u201d in Medieval Jewish Thought"]}

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5369","_score":null,"_ignored":["booksection.book.abstract.keyword"],"_source":{"id":5369,"authors_free":[{"id":6221,"entry_id":5369,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Noah D. Guynn","free_first_name":"Noah D.","free_last_name":"Guynn","norm_person":null}],"entry_title":"Translating Catharsis: Aristotle and Averro\u00ebs, the Scholastics and the Basochiens","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Translating Catharsis: Aristotle and Averro\u00ebs, the Scholastics and the Basochiens"},"abstract":"This essay investigates translation, aesthetics and performance in the long Middle Ages, with particular emphasis on the transmission of Aristotle and the politics of festive drama: plays staged in public spaces for heterogeneous audiences during religious holidays. My main interest is \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 (katharsis), an abstruse term from the Poetics and Politics that gets translated and deployed in diverse, often incompatible ways by premodern and modern scholars and that has been used, both implicitly and explicitly, to account for the dynamics of performance and ritual in medieval festive settings. Though the Politics was widely available in Latin translation from 1260 on, its references to catharsis pertain mostly to musical aesthetics, and medieval intellectuals do not seem to have drawn from it a theory of theatrical reception. As for the Poetics, it was known almost exclusively through Averro\u00ebs's Middle Commentary (1175), which Hermannus Alemannus translated into Latin in 1256. Having no understanding of Greek tragedy as theatre, Averro\u00ebs, in keeping with previous Arabic readings of Aristotle, reorients the Poetics away from aesthetics towards logic. That tradition renders mimesis as the use of imaginative representations to move audiences unable to grasp more conclusive forms of reasoning to embrace the good.","btype":2,"date":"2012","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":21,"category_name":"Aristotle","link":"bib?categories[]=Aristotle"},{"id":23,"category_name":"Commentary","link":"bib?categories[]=Commentary"},{"id":40,"category_name":"Transmission","link":"bib?categories[]=Transmission"},{"id":44,"category_name":"Poetics","link":"bib?categories[]=Poetics"}],"authors":[],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":{"id":5369,"section_of":5368,"pages":"84\u2013106","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":5368,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":4,"language":"en","title":"Rethinking Medieval Translation: Ethics, Politics, Theory","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"2012","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"\u2018Engaging and informative to read, challenging in its assertions, and provocative in the best way, inviting the reader to sift, correlate and reflect on the broader applicability of points made in reference to a specific text or exchange.\u2019 Professor Carolyne P. Collette, Mount Holyoke College. Medieval notions of \u2018translatio\u2019 raise issues that have since been debated in contemporary translation studies concerning the translator's role as interpreter or author; the ability of translation to reinforce or unsettle linguistic or political dominance; and translation's capacity for establishing cultural contact, or participating in cultural appropriation or effacement. This collection puts these ethical and political issues centre stage, asking whether questions currently being posed by theorists of translation need rethinking or revising when brought into dialogue with medieval examples. Contributors explore translation - as a practice, a necessity, an impossibility and a multi-media form - through multiple perspectives on language, theory, dissemination and cultural transmission. Exploring texts, authors, languages and genres not often brought together in a single volume, individual essays focus on topics such as the politics of multilingualism, the role of translation in conflict situations, the translator's invisibility, hospitality, untranslatability and the limits of translation as a category. Emma Campbell is Associate Professor in French at the University of Warwick; Robert Mills is Lecturer in History of Art at University College London. Contributors: William Burgwinkle, Ardis Butterfield, Emma Campbell, Marilynn Desmond, Simon Gaunt, Jane Gilbert, Miranda Griffin, Noah D. Guynn, Catherine L\u00e9glu, Robert Mills, Zrinka Stahuljak, Luke Sunderland","republication_of":0,"online_url":"","online_resources":null,"translation_of":"0","new_edition_of":"0","is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"ti_url":"","doi_url":"","book":{"id":5368,"pubplace":"","publisher":"Boydell & Brewer","series":"","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null},"persons":[{"id":6219,"entry_id":5368,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Emma Campbell","free_first_name":"Emma","free_last_name":"Campbell","norm_person":null},{"id":6220,"entry_id":5368,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":null,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":2,"role_name":"editor"},"free_name":"Robert Mills","free_first_name":"Robert","free_last_name":"Mills","norm_person":null}]}},"article":null},"sort":["Translating Catharsis: Aristotle and Averro\u00ebs, the Scholastics and the Basochiens"]}

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"1553","_score":null,"_source":{"id":1553,"authors_free":[{"id":1782,"entry_id":1553,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":653,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Alfred L. Ivry","free_first_name":"Alfred L.","free_last_name":"Ivry","norm_person":{"id":653,"first_name":"Alfred L.","last_name":"Ivry","full_name":"Alfred L. Ivry","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/172513073","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/117886983","db_url":"https:\/\/www.deutsche-biographie.de\/pnd172513073.html","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Alfred L. Ivry"}}],"entry_title":"Triangulating the Imagination. Avicenna, Maimonides and Averroes","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Triangulating the Imagination. Avicenna, Maimonides and Averroes"},"abstract":null,"btype":2,"date":"2006","language":"English","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":45,"category_name":"Proceedings","link":"bib?categories[]=Proceedings"}],"authors":[{"id":653,"full_name":"Alfred L. Ivry","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":{"id":1553,"section_of":208,"pages":"667\u2013676","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":208,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"reference","type":4,"language":null,"title":"Intellect et Imagination dans la Philosophie M\u00e9di\u00e9vale. Actes du XIe Congr\u00e8s International de Philosophie M\u00e9di\u00e9vale de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Internationale pour l'\u00c9tude de la Philosophie M\u00e9di\u00e9vale (S.I.E.P.M.) Porto, du 26 au 31 ao\u00fbt 2002","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":"Intellect and Imagination in Medieval Philosophy","short_title":null,"has_no_author":0,"volume":null,"date":"2006","edition_no":null,"free_date":"2006","abstract":null,"republication_of":null,"online_url":null,"online_resources":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"ti_url":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":208,"pubplace":"Turnhout","publisher":"Brepols","series":"Rencontres de Philosophie M\u00e9di\u00e9vale","volume":"11","edition_no":null,"valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":["Triangulating the Imagination. Avicenna, Maimonides and Averroes"]}

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"476","_score":null,"_source":{"id":476,"authors_free":[{"id":620,"entry_id":476,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":123,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Charles E. Butterworth","free_first_name":"Charles E.","free_last_name":"Butterworth","norm_person":{"id":123,"first_name":"","last_name":"","full_name":"Charles E. Butterworth","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/105338856X","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/41853950","db_url":"NULL","from_claudius":0,"link":"bib?authors[]=Charles E. Butterworth"}}],"entry_title":"Twelve Treatises in Search of a Title. Averroes' Short Commentaries on Aristotle's Logic","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Twelve Treatises in Search of a Title. Averroes' Short Commentaries on Aristotle's Logic"},"abstract":null,"btype":2,"date":"1997","language":"English","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":27,"category_name":"Logic","link":"bib?categories[]=Logic"}],"authors":[{"id":123,"full_name":"Charles E. Butterworth","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":{"id":476,"section_of":47,"pages":"99\u2013108","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":47,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"reference","type":4,"language":null,"title":"Langages et philosophie. Hommage \u00e0 Jean Jolivet","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"short_title":null,"has_no_author":0,"volume":null,"date":"1997","edition_no":null,"free_date":"1997","abstract":null,"republication_of":null,"online_url":null,"online_resources":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"ti_url":null,"doi_url":null,"book":{"id":47,"pubplace":"Paris","publisher":"J. Vrin","series":"Etudes de philosophie m\u00e9di\u00e9vales","volume":"74","edition_no":null,"valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":["Twelve Treatises in Search of a Title. Averroes' Short Commentaries on Aristotle's Logic"]}

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5177","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5177,"authors_free":[{"id":5962,"entry_id":5177,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":620,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Luca Bianchi","free_first_name":"Luca","free_last_name":"Bianchi","norm_person":{"id":620,"first_name":"Luca","last_name":"Bianchi","full_name":"Luca Bianchi","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/14314863X","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/110471561","db_url":"https:\/\/www.deutsche-biographie.de\/pnd14314863X.html","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Luca Bianchi"}}],"entry_title":"Ultima perfezione\u2019 e \u2018ultima felicitade\u2019. Ancora su Dante e l\u2019averroismo","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Ultima perfezione\u2019 e \u2018ultima felicitade\u2019. Ancora su Dante e l\u2019averroismo"},"abstract":"","btype":2,"date":"2018","language":"Italian","online_url":"","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":43,"category_name":"Tradition and Reception","link":"bib?categories[]=Tradition and Reception"},{"id":1,"category_name":"Averroism","link":"bib?categories[]=Averroism"}],"authors":[{"id":620,"full_name":"Luca Bianchi","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":{"id":5177,"section_of":5160,"pages":"315\u2013328","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":5160,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":4,"language":"no language selected","title":"Edizioni, traduzioni e tradizioni filosofiche (secoli XII-XVI). Studi per Pietro B. Rossi","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"2018","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"","republication_of":0,"online_url":"","online_resources":null,"translation_of":"0","new_edition_of":"0","is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"ti_url":"","doi_url":"","book":{"id":5160,"pubplace":"Canterano ","publisher":"Aracne Editrice","series":"Flumen Sapientiae","volume":"7","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null}}},"article":null},"sort":["Ultima perfezione\u2019 e \u2018ultima felicitade\u2019. Ancora su Dante e l\u2019averroismo"]}