Creation and Science in the Middle Ages, 2007
By: William E. Carroll
Title Creation and Science in the Middle Ages
Type Article
Language English
Date 2007
Journal New Blackfriars
Volume 88
Issue 1018
Pages 678-689
Categories Aquinas, Avicenna, Theology, Metaphysics
Author(s) William E. Carroll
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Averroes, y la crítica de Avicena, 2003
By: Josep Puig Montada
Title Averroes, y la crítica de Avicena
Type Article
Language Spanish
Date 2003
Journal Revista española de filosofía medieval. Miscellanea Mediaevalia en honor de Joaquin Lomba Fuentes
Volume 10
Pages 127–138
Categories Avicenna
Author(s) Josep Puig Montada
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
In his refutation of the philosophers, the Muslim theologian Al-Ghazzâlî argues for the incoherency of their doctrines on divine causality, and focuses his attacks on Avicenna’s doctrine of the distinction between being necessary by itself and being possible by itself, but necessary because of another. When Averroes refutes, on his turn, Al-Ghazzâlî’s work, he often points out that the doctrine refuted by al-Ghazzâlî belongs to Avicenna, not to Aristotle, and distances himself from the former.

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D'Avicenne à Averroès, et retour. Sur les sources arabes de la théorie scolastique de l'un transcendantal, 1994
By: Alain de Libera
Title D'Avicenne à Averroès, et retour. Sur les sources arabes de la théorie scolastique de l'un transcendantal
Type Article
Language French
Date 1994
Journal Arabic Sciences and Philosophy
Volume 4
Pages 141–179
Categories Metaphysics, Avicenna
Author(s) Alain de Libera
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
The scholastic doctrine of transcendentals is inherited from Arabic philosophy to a certain extent. This dependance is clearly illustrated in the construction of the problematic of the transcendental one, which is identical with being, and of the numerical one, which is not. The scholastic discussion as a whole reproduces the major themes of Avicenna's position, then of Averroes' criticism of Avicenna. This article attempts to reconstruct the complex of questions, topics, and arguments which constitute this problematic by tracing its evolution through the analysis of anonymous sophismata and of texts by Nicholas of Paris, Roger Bacon, Albert the Great, and James of Viterbo. Two stages are distinguished: the first is centered on the distinction between the transcendental and numerical one; the second, essentially German (Dietrich of Freiberg and Berthold of Moosburg), is centered on the subordination of the Aristotelian to the Platonic concept of the transcendental one. Along the way, it is shown that, with the exception of the German philosophers, the understanding of Avicenna's position is constantly filtered through Averroes' interpretation.

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النبوة والمعجزة في فكر ابن سينا و ابن رشد, 1994
By: Muḥammad ʿAlī Ǧumʿa, Muḥammad ʿAlī Ǧumʿa
Title النبوة والمعجزة في فكر ابن سينا و ابن رشد
Transcription Al-nubūwa wa-l-muʿǧiza fī fikr Ibn Sīnā wa-Ibn Rušd
Translation Prophecy and miracle in the thought of Avicenna and Averroes
Type Article
Language Arabic
Date 1994
Journal Al-maʿrifa
Volume 32
Pages 30–47
Categories Avicenna
Author(s) Muḥammad ʿAlī Ǧumʿa , Muḥammad ʿAlī Ǧumʿa
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Da Avicenna ad Averroè. 'Questiones super librum de Anima', Oxford 1250 c.a. (ms. Siena Com. L. III. 21), 1992
By: Mariella Gardinali
Title Da Avicenna ad Averroè. 'Questiones super librum de Anima', Oxford 1250 c.a. (ms. Siena Com. L. III. 21)
Type Article
Language Italian
Date 1992
Journal Rivista di storia della filosofia
Volume 47
Pages 375–407
Categories Psychology, De anima, Avicenna
Author(s) Mariella Gardinali
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Gedächtnis und Erinnerung bei Avicenna und Averroes, 1988
By: Helmut Gätje
Title Gedächtnis und Erinnerung bei Avicenna und Averroes
Type Article
Language German
Date 1988
Journal Acta orientalia
Volume 49
Pages 7–36
Categories Psychology, Avicenna
Author(s) Helmut Gätje
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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La polémica sobre el ser en el Avicena y Averroes latinos, 1987
By: Alfonso García Marqués
Title La polémica sobre el ser en el Avicena y Averroes latinos
Type Article
Language Spanish
Date 1987
Journal Anuario filosófico
Volume 20
Pages 73–103
Categories Metaphysics, Latin Averroism, Avicenna
Author(s) Alfonso García Marqués
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Averroes vs. Avicenna on Being, 1974
By: Francis A. Cunningham
Title Averroes vs. Avicenna on Being
Type Article
Language English
Date 1974
Journal The New Scholasticism
Volume 48
Issue 2
Pages 185–218
Categories Avicenna
Author(s) Francis A. Cunningham
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Avicenne en occident Au Moyen Age, 1969
By: Étienne Gilson
Title Avicenne en occident Au Moyen Age
Type Article
Language French
Date 1969
Categories Avicenna, Tradition and Reception
Author(s) Étienne Gilson
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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The Doctrine of the possible and Agent Intellects in Gonsalvus Hispanus' Question XIII, 1969
By: Jorge T. Gracia
Title The Doctrine of the possible and Agent Intellects in Gonsalvus Hispanus' Question XIII
Type Article
Language English
Date 1969
Journal Franciscan Studies
Volume 29
Pages 5-36
Categories Intellect, Avicenna, Tradition and Reception
Author(s) Jorge T. Gracia
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Ibn Sînâ and Ibn Rushd on Essence and Existence: A Critical Analysis, 2019
By: Ahmad Ahmadi
Title Ibn Sînâ and Ibn Rushd on Essence and Existence: A Critical Analysis
Type Article
Language English
Date 2019
Journal Ishraq
Volume 9
Pages 13–22
Categories Avicenna, Metaphysics, Ontology
Author(s) Ahmad Ahmadi
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Intentionality in Medieval Arabic Philosophy, 2010
By: Deborah L. Black
Title Intentionality in Medieval Arabic Philosophy
Type Article
Language English
Date 2010
Journal Quaestio
Volume 10
Pages 65-81
Categories Avicenna, Psychology, Metaphysics, Linguistics
Author(s) Deborah L. Black
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
It has long been a truism of the history of philosophy that intentionality is an invention of the medieval period, and within this standard narrative, the central place of Arabic philosophy has always been acknowledged. Yet there are many misconceptions surrounding the theories of intentionality advanced by the two main Arabic thinkers whose works were available to the West, Avicenna and Averroes. In the first part of this paper I offer an overview of the general accounts of intentionality and intentional being found in the linguistic, psychological, and metaphysical writings of Avicenna and Averroes, and I trace the terminology of “intentions” to a neglected passage from Avicenna’s logic. In the second part of the paper I examine the way that Avicenna and Averroes apply their general theories of intentionality to the realm of sense perception. I offer an explanation of why Avicenna might have chosen to denominate the objects of the internal sense faculty of estimation as “intentions”, and I explore the implications of Averroes’s decision to attribute intentionality to the external senses and the media of perception.

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La doctrina general de los trascendentales en Dietrich von Freiberg, y su filiación aristotélico-averroísta, 2019
By: Fernanda Ocampo
Title La doctrina general de los trascendentales en Dietrich von Freiberg, y su filiación aristotélico-averroísta
Type Article
Language Spanish
Date 2019
Journal Anales del Seminario de Historia de la Filosofía
Volume 36
Issue 3
Pages 659–681
Categories Aristotle, Metaphysics, Avicenna, Tradition and Reception, Latin Averroism, Thomas
Author(s) Fernanda Ocampo
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
The Aristotelian text Metaphysics IV, 2, and the interpretations carried out by the Muslim philosophers, i.e., Avicenna and Averroes, constitute the theoretical framework in which several Latin authors of the second half of the 13th century from the University of Paris, who have taken a stance around the question of the ‘real distinction’ between esse and essentia, elaborated their doctrines about transcendentals. According to this, our work seeks to trace the dependence of Dietrich’s general doctrine of the transcendentals, with respect to the theses established by Aristotle in the mentioned text, and in particular, with regard to the Averroist reading – critical of that of Avicenna’s –, which “has made school” in the Parisian environment, especially among the teachers and students of the Faculty of Arts, but also, first, in Thomas Aquinas. Thus, in light of this scenario of readings and interpretations, we will seek to delimit the central features of the Theodorian conception of the communia, pointing out the possible differences or coincidences with respect to the doctrines of these preceding authors.

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La polémica sobre el ser en el Avicena y Averroes latinos, 1987
By: Alfonso García Marqués
Title La polémica sobre el ser en el Avicena y Averroes latinos
Type Article
Language Spanish
Date 1987
Journal Anuario filosófico
Volume 20
Pages 73–103
Categories Metaphysics, Latin Averroism, Avicenna
Author(s) Alfonso García Marqués
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Philosophische Traumlehren im Islam, 1959
By: Helmut Gätje
Title Philosophische Traumlehren im Islam
Type Article
Language German
Date 1959
Journal Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft
Volume 109 (n.F. 34)
Issue 25
Pages 258-285
Categories Surveys, al-Kindī, al-Fārābī, Avicenna, Aristotle, Psychology
Author(s) Helmut Gätje
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Prophecy Between Poetics and Politics from Al-Farabi to Leo Strauss
By: Peter Makhlouf
Title Prophecy Between Poetics and Politics from Al-Farabi to Leo Strauss
Type Article
Language English
Journal International Journal of the Classical Tradition
Pages 1-29
Categories al-Fārābī, Avicenna, Maimonides, Aristotle, Poetics, Rhetoric, Politics, Tradition and Reception
Author(s) Peter Makhlouf
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
Judaeo-Arabic prophetology, as developed in the wake of Platonic and Aristotelian philosophy, was highly attentive to the kind of representational modes produced by divine revelation and their political use—but also their political precarity. By drawing on another corpus, less often discussed in this context, the Arabic commentaries on Aristotle's Poetics and Rhetoric, this study proposes to undertake a close analysis of how the medieval thinkers in question (Al-Farabi, Avicenna, Averroes, and Maimonides) understood the poetics of prophecy to function. What emerges is an account of how the political theo-logic of poetics and rhetoric—as developed with respect to terms such as imitation, imagination and visualization—came to play a central role in the theory of prophecy, and how that theory of prophecy in turn gave rise to an understanding of what Leo Strauss once termed the ‘literary character’ of these philosophers' ‘art of writing’.

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Relation as Key to God’s Knowledge of Particulars in the Tahāfut al- tahāfut and the Damīma: A Cross-talk between Averroes, al-Ghazālī and Avicenna, 2020
By: Jean-Baptiste Brenet
Title Relation as Key to God’s Knowledge of Particulars in the Tahāfut al- tahāfut and the Damīma: A Cross-talk between Averroes, al-Ghazālī and Avicenna
Type Article
Language English
Date 2020
Journal Arabic Sciences and Philosophy
Volume 20
Issue 1
Pages 1–26
Categories Avicenna, al-Ġazālī, Commentary
Author(s) Jean-Baptiste Brenet
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
This article deals with the divine knowledge of particulars in Averroes’ Tahāfut al-tahāfut and Ḍamīma. It examines how the concept of relation, generally neglected, is at the heart of the dispute between Avicenna, al-Ġazālī, and the Commentator. In al-Ġazālī’s eyes, Avicenna's misconception of divine knowledge “in a universal way” is based on a misuse of relation in the case of God's knowledge. If particulars change and God does not, his knowledge of particulars, insofar as it undergoes change, can be considered a pure relation without ontological consequences. Averroes contests both al-Ġazālī’s criticism and his proposal, despite the fact that, for different reasons involving the coming-to-be of human knowledge, he too employs the notion of pure relation in his Long Commentary on the Physics.

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Rethinking Abstractionism: Aquinas’s Intellectual Light and Some Arabic Sources, 2015
By: Therese Scarpelli Cory
Title Rethinking Abstractionism: Aquinas’s Intellectual Light and Some Arabic Sources
Type Article
Language English
Date 2015
Journal Journal of the History of Philosophy
Volume 53
Issue 4
Pages 607–646
Categories Thomas, Avicenna
Author(s) Therese Scarpelli Cory
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
The thesis of this paper is that Thomas Aquinas offers an alternative model of abstraction (the Active Principle Model) that overcomes the standard objections to abstractionism and expands our view of what an abstractionist theory might look like. I contend that this alternative model of abstraction has been invisible in plain sight, in Aquinas’s references to the mind’s abstractive mechanism as an “intellectual light.” Such language is not metaphorical but rather technical, signaling that intellectual abstraction is to be modeled on the activity of physical light as he understood it from theories proposed by Avicenna and Averroes. The Active Principle Model requires us to rethink Aquinas’s account of how we come to know essences—a process that turns out to be much more tentative and incremental than previously thought.

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Saint Thomas and Avicenna in the 'De Potentia Dei', 1948
By: Beatrice H. Zedler
Title Saint Thomas and Avicenna in the 'De Potentia Dei'
Type Article
Language English
Date 1948
Journal Traditio
Volume 6
Pages 105-159
Categories Avicenna, Aquinas, Metaphysics
Author(s) Beatrice H. Zedler
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Storie di ricezione: Tolomeo, Avicenna e Averroè nel Medioevo arabo, ebraico e latino, 2013
By: Marienza Benedetto
Title Storie di ricezione: Tolomeo, Avicenna e Averroè nel Medioevo arabo, ebraico e latino
Type Article
Language Italian
Date 2013
Journal Quaestio
Volume 13
Pages 323–336
Categories Avicenna, Influence, Transmission
Author(s) Marienza Benedetto
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
The recent (re-)publication of volumes about Avicenna allows us to revisit his central position in the history of philosophy and his overwhelming influence in Arabic, Jewish and Latin cultures: even those who disagreed with Avicenna often developed their standpoint in confrontation with him. Equally significant and deep was Averroes’ impact on the philosophical tradition: the Quaestio de anima intellectiva by Thomas Wylton is a good example in this sense, presenting one the most original reading of Averroes’ noetic in the 14th century.

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